安徽省黄山市2009届高中毕业班第一次质量检测
历史试题
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.作答选做题时,请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题的题号对应的信息点,再作答。漏涂、错涂、多涂的,答案无效。
5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第16课 社会交往
徐汇中学 姚虹
[教学目标]
1.掌握古今中外见面礼的主要内容,称谓的主要表现形式,聚会的社会功能;通过学习交往方式的由来和发展,认识社会交往方式背后所蕴含的历史文化信息,培养学生历史探究意识和分析问题的能力。
2.指导学生去图书馆或通过网络搜索,学会收集资料和整理信息,认识不同的交往方式是不同民族历史文化传承的产物;结合材料分析和学生对生活的观察感悟,使学生理解社会交往的变革和进步。
3.了解良好的礼仪修养在人际交往中的重要作用;理解社会交往形式的变迁折射出人类文明的进步、不同文明的交融,从而认识拥有宽容、开放的文化态度的重要性。
[重点与难点]
重点:称谓与见面礼等社会交往形式的变迁。
难点:中国古代的敬称和谦称。
说明:
1.社会交往方式和社会的发展密切关联,既受政治制度的制约也受社会风尚的影响,在文化交流中相互渗透,故为本课重点。
2.古代的敬称和谦称现今社会使用不多,学生比较陌生,故为本课难点。
[教学设计]
1.导入新课。播放《茶馆》和《傲慢与偏见》中家庭聚会的影片片段,请学生从中列举中西不同的聚会场所、聚会形式,谈谈聚会的功能。出示沙龙和曲水流觞的图片。
聚会是社会交往的形式,以影片中中西方不同的聚会场景导入,使学生通过仔细观察或根据经验列举中西方不同的聚会场所:西方有家庭客厅、公共俱乐部、小酒馆、咖啡馆等;中国有茶馆、曲水流觞、文人结社、酒宴、游乐等。聚会形式有聊天、讨论、聚餐等。聚会的功能有切磋学问、沟通信息、交流情感。聚会场所的不同,反映了东西方文明的不同。但在现代社会东西方的社会交往越趋相似。
2.讲授称谓。请学生列举已知的古今称谓,分析古今称谓的特点和称谓的原则。根据材料分析中国近代称谓的变化,探讨称谓变化折射出的社会变迁。
称谓是社会交往的前提。称谓的内容反映了人与人之间的相互关系,显示出一个人的修养,在某种角度上也反映了社会风尚。
本环节首先引导学生从列举的古今称谓中分析其特点:1、丰富性――从古至今,称谓丰富繁多;2、具有鲜明的时代特征。称谓的原则是“谦己以敬人”。
唐山一中2009届高三年级仿真试卷(一)
语 文
说明:
1.本试卷共7页,包括七道大题,21道小题,共150分。试卷分卷I、卷II两部分。其中卷I三道大题(10个小题)为选择题,每小题3分,共30分,在每小题给出的四个选项中只有一项符合题目要求。
2.卷I在机读卡上作答,在试卷上作答无效。作答时,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。
3.卷II答在答题纸上,用
卷I(共30分)
唐山一中 2009届高三年级仿真训练考试(一)
英语
说明:
1.本试卷共12页,包括三部分,共150分。其中第一部分与第二部分为选择题,包括65个小题;第三部分为非选择题。
2.答题前请仔细阅读答题卡上的“注意事项”,按照“注意事项”的规定答题。
3.所有题目的解答均应在答题卡上做答,在本试卷上和草稿纸上做答无效。作选择题时,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
4.考试结束后,将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷 (共95分)
第一部分 英语知识运用(共三节,满分50分)
第一节 语音知识(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:have
A. gave B. save C. hat D. made
答案是C。
1. comb
A. doubt B. trouble C. club D. lab
2. shoulder
A. should B. country C. soul D. through
3. secret
A. believe B. recent C. separate D. September
4. watch
A. want B. water C. handsome D. plant
5. practiced
A. realized B. watched C. whispered D. worried
第二节 语法和词汇知识(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:We _________last night, but we went to the concert instead.
A. must have studied B. might study C. should have studied D. would study
答案是C。
6. It’s bad ______ manners to blow your nose at ______ table.
A. 不填; the B. the; a C. 不填; 不填 D. the; 不填
7. ―Did ______ of your parents come to see you last week?
― ______ of them came to see me.
A. any; None B. any; Neither C. either; Neither D. either; Any
8. Oh, boy, why are you killing your time in this way? Can’t you find something ______ doing at all?
A. useful B. valuable C. good D. worth
9. If you can't spare me an hour, a quarter will______.
A. do B. help___________ C. work D. suit
10. There was plenty of time. She ______ .
A. needn’t have hurried _________________ B. must not hurry
C. mustn’t have hurried D. couldn’t have hurried
11. Walking out of it with a ______ smile on his face, he turned ______ goodbye to his classmates in the class.
A. forcing; to say B. forced; to saying C. forcing; to saying D. forced; to say
12. ―I’d like to take a week’s holiday.
―______; we are too busy.
A. Don’t worry B. Forget it
C. Don’t mention it D. Pardon me
13. ―How long ______ in Tangshan?
―For just the weekend. I was back shortly after the meeting.
A. did you stay B. have you stayed_____________ C. were you staying D. are you staying
14. We are so happy to see that some of the students have already learned enough English to ______ a conversation.
A. hold on B. keep on C. go on D. carry on
15. “Can you read?”, Mary said ______ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily_____________ C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing
16. Believe it or not, it is ______ that causes your illness.
A. because of your being overweight_________________ B. because you are overweight
C. you are so overweight D. your being overweight
17. You are required to find out ______ the differences between American English and British English lie.
A. what B. how___________ C. where D. which
18. ―______when has the country been open to international trade?
―1978, I suppose.
A. Since B. In C. From D. After
19. Jerry is such a lazy man ______ nobody wants to work with______.
A. as; him B. that; 不填 C. whom; him D. as; 不填
20. Every boy and every girl as
well as some teachers who______ to visit the museum ______ asked to be at the
school gate before
A. are; are B. are; is__________ C. is; is D. is; are
第三节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The older of
my two friends has just got his driving license and was willing to drive almost
anywhere. 21 to drive, we got the idea of going to
On a dark and
rainy Monday we began our 25 . We soon noticed the car, owned by my
friend, was of the 26 and the highest speed. But some flashing
blue lights in the rear mirror and a horrible sound called a siren (警笛) 27 that our vacation would be in vain. After
a short
We were quite tired when we 34 the Swedish border, and did not notice the great number of police cars lined to form a 35 . The policemen that had been 36 us earlier had been smart enough to 37 the rest of the Norwegian police force of our escape, and now we were 38 straight into it.
After the incident we 39 some time in the hospital, as well as in prison and finally we spent a lot of money 40 for the three police cars we destroyed. It was not very fun, but at least it was an unforgettable holiday to tell the grandchildren.
21. A. Lucky B. Eager C. Easy D. Ready
22. A. action B. change C. end D. mind
23. A. gift B. goods C. product D. equipment
24. A. driving B. striking C. taking D. carrying
25. A. journey B. race C. escape D. voyage
26. A. appearance B. sound C. quality D. powder
27. A. suggested B. warned C. reminded D. proved
28. A. discussion B. suggestion C. relaxation D. examination
29. A. place B. provide C. request D. afford
30. A. way B. station C. permission D. behavior
31. A. traffic light B. police car C. ticket office D. shop centre
32. A. when B. after C. before D. where
33. A. safe B. ready C. normal D. comfortable
34. A. passed B. crossed C. reached D. measured
35. A. sign B. post C. roadblock D. landmark
36. A. expecting B. scolding C. persuading D. following
37. A. demand B. encourage C. inform D. promise
38. A. heading B. marching C. failing D. misleading
39. A. spent B. cost C. took D. afforded
40. A. looking B. leaving C. longing D. paying
第二部分 阅读理解 (共25小题。第一节每小题2分,第二节每小题1分;满分45分)
第一节 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂?。
Language is a major problem for the European Union (EU). The agreement or treaty(条约)which created the organization that eventually became the EU, the Treaty of Rome, stated that each country’s language must be treated equally. The original six countries had only three languages between them: French, German and Dutch/Flemish. However, there are now 15 countries in the EU with a total of 12 languages. EU documents must be translated into all these languages, and at official meetings the speeches must be translated into all the languages by interpreters.
All this translating is very expensive and time-consuming(费时的). It is said that nearly half of all employees of the EU are engaged in translating documents and speeches, and nearly half of the EU’s administrative (管理方面的) costs are spent on this task. In the near future it is probably that several more countries, most of them having their own languages, will join the EU, thus making the situation even worse.
The problem is not just cost: there are practical difficulties as well. With 12 languages, there are 132 possible “translation situations” that might be needed. It is often difficult to find people in the right place at the right time who can translate from (for example) Danish into Greek, or Dutch into Portuguese , at a high professional standard.
In practice the problem has been made less
severe by the use of English in many contacts between EU officials, since
almost all of them speak some English. However, any move to reduce the number
of official languages (perhaps to four or five) would be a blow to the price of
the smaller countries. Another commonly suggested solution is to make English
the official language for all EU business. However, this is strongly resisted
by powerful member countries like
41. What’s the main purpose of this passage?
A. To give a solution to a problem.
B. To find out a problem and show how severe it is.
C. To criticize the European Union for inefficiency.
D. To show that the problem cannot be solved.
42. According to the writer, the use of English in contacts among EU officials has_______.
A. angered the officials who don’t speak English
B. reduced the number of official languages
C. lessened the effect of the problem
D. been opposed by powerful member countries
43. The writer mentions “Danish into Greek” as an example of_______.
A. a situation that might be difficult to deal with
B. a situation that occurs often
C. one of the 12 situations that requires an interpreter
D. languages easily being interpreted
44. The writer suggests that if the number of official languages was reduced______.
A. the EU would not know which official languages to choose
B. countries whose languages were not used officially would be unhappy
C. only languages which are easy to translate would be used officially
D. the smaller member countries would be pleased
In the early part of the twentieth century,
racism was widespread in the
Racism again affected
45. According to this passage, what did Marian Anderson do between 1917 and 1929?
A. She studied at a music school. B. She sang for religious activities.
C. She sang at Town
Hall in
46. Toscanini thought that Marian Anderson .
A. had a very rare voice B. sang occasionally in public
C. sang only once in many years D. was seldom heard by people
47.
A. at the
C. in
48. This passage shows that
A. objecting to the government
B. asking for help from the United Nations
C. striking against racism in the streets
D. working hard to perfect her art
IS IT TIME TO GET MP3?
Your computer has been playing music for years, one CD at a time. Now hundreds of songs can be stored in your PC (personal computer) if they’re in the MP3 format.
What is it?
MP3 compresses music into small computer friendly files. You access MP3 music several ways: Music can be downloaded from websites that have converted vast music libraries into MP3. Or you can prerecord CDs into your PC and convert songs in minutes into MP3. Once MP3 music is on your PC’s hard drive, you can play it through your computer’s speakers, “burn” it onto blank CDs or exchange MP3 files with friends using E-mail.
How much?
Software needed to play and convert MP3 music is often free. It comes preinstalled on most new computers or can be downloaded from many websites, including MP3.com. Some MP3 sites are free. Just type “MP3 sites” into any search engine. The popular MP3 players start at around $50 and can hold hundreds of songs. A blank CD on which you can record music costs about a dollar.
MP3 turns your home PC into a tape recorder. Tiny MP3 players are the size of a card, making it easy to take hundreds of songs with you.
You may find that music at many sites is limited. And some only allow you to listen rather than download offerings. Others let you download music that then can’t be copied to MP3 players. And a growing number of new CDs make it impossible to copy songs to a computer.
49. How can you get MP3 music?
A. By turning your home PC into a tape recorder.
B. By taking your own music or songs with you.
C. By copying songs to a PC through the speakers.
D. By downloading from websites which have converted music libraries into MP3.
50. Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. MP3 music can be downloaded for free at any site.
B. MP3 music can be exchanged with friends by e-mail.
C. Software needed to play and convert MP3 music is often free of charge.
D. A greater number of new CDs make it impossible to copy songs to a computer.
51. The underlined word “burn” probably means_____.
A. fire B. change C. destroy D. play
52. How much will you pay for a MP3 player?
A. Free of charge. B. Free downloading.
C. At least fifty dollars. D. About a dollar.
Most people think their time problems are outer, and that they are caused by the telephone, meetings, visitors, and delayed information or decisions. Although these problems often have a bad effect on them, when people call or drop in, we usually contribute to them. We fail to have calls screened by a skillful secretary or assistant, or we leave our door open, actually assuring constant interruptions.
In almost all cases, it is possible to influence, if not control, it usually can cause problems, such as, slowness and indecision, lack of self-discipline, the inability to delegate, or the tendency to fight fires, to act without thinking, and to jump from task to task without finishing any of them.
Time is constant that cannot be changed. The clock cannot be slowed down or speeded up. Thus we cannot manage time itself. We can only manage our activities with respect to time.
The same skills are needed as those used in managing others―the abilities to plan, organize, delegate, direct, and control. Time management is simply self-management. It is impossible to be effective in any position without controlling one’s time effectively.
Successful time management does not mean working harder, but working smarter. All kinds of management skills must be used in the home and office to get most value from time. You must think ahead about what to do, and timely than others, making it get maximum results in the shortest possible period.
53. According to the writer, time problems .
A. are caused by the telephone, meetings and visitors
B. are caused by delayed information or decisions
C. can be solved by self-management
D. can’t be controlled
54. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the problems caused by poor time management?
A. Slowness and indecision.
B. Lack of self-discipline.
C. Jumping from task to task without finishing any of them.
D. Working hard.
55. It can be concluded from the passage that the abilities to plan, organize, delegate, direct and control should .
A. be used in managing others’ activities
B. be used in managing one’s own activities
C. not be used in time management
D. be used in managing both others’ and one’s own activities
56. We can also draw a conclusion that the key to successful time management is .
A. working harder and harder
B. clever self-management
C. thinking of what to do, and how and when to do it
D. employing a skillful secretary
The Human Genome Project, a great $3 billion, 15-year task aimed at drawing the genetic map of humans, is now more than 90 percent completed. The scientific and medical communities are very excited about the chances genetic research provides for getting rid of diseases and prolonging human life. But those communities and policy makers are also careful about the scientific door they are opening as the project uncovers the mysteries of life.
For the last few years, the genetic advances in the fast developing field of biotechnology have provided material for all kinds of work, but the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of human genetic code have opened a world of possibilities for human health, as well as for the population imagination.
While European and Japanese researchers are making rapid progress in decoding human DNA, the leading organization for genetic research in the Untied States, which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code” of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal diseases. Already, the Human Genome Project has become widely known and praised for finding the genes connected with as yet terrible diseases, and making progress toward separating the genes that show a sign of breast cancer or AIDS.
Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can develop new ways to attack infections, and genetic diseases. Medical companies are very interested in mapping the human genome; as they expect to develop a lot of new drugs for these illnesses.
57. Why did the scientists work so hard at mapping the human genome?
A. Because the human genome can destroy many illnesses.
B. Because the human genome’s completion can help to get rid of many diseases.
C. Because they wanted to be better known than others.
D. Because the Human Genome Project can provided a lot of chances of work.
58. According to the passage, which of the following countries is the most advanced in genetic research?
A. Japan B. Germany
C. The
59. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. If the genes can be found, scientists can study many new ways to cure illnesses.
B. The United States began genetic research in the early 19th century.
C. Many medical companies show great interest in drawing the human genome map.
D. The scientists have made great progress in connecting some genes with the cancers.
60. What is mainly talked about in this passage?
A. The great human genome. B. The discovery of genes.
C. Unlocking the genetic code. D. Genes and scientists.
注意:将61-65题答案涂在答题卡上71-75题处。
第二节 根据对话内容,从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
M: Welcome back! I didn’t see you in the history class on Friday.
W: 61 . My geography class went on a field trip to look at some of the different rocks.
M: Really? 62 ! Where did you go?
W: A desert. It gets hot during the day, but it cools off very quickly at night. 63 .
M: Well, did you enjoy the trip?
W: Of course I did. Since there are so few plants growing there, it’s very easy to see different rocks.
M: 64 . You must call me if you have the chance to go there again.
W: No problem. 65 .
A. I really want to go there
B. That sounds excellent
C. I will be your guide next time
D. It is very dry there after the sun goes down
E. I’m tired of this trip
F. I wasn’t here on Friday
G. We learnt a lot from this trip
第II卷 (非选择题 共55分)
第三部分 写作(共三节,满分55分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
根据下列句子及所给汉语注释,在句子右边的横线上写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空只写一词)
(请在答题卡上的指定位置作答)
66. Several new railways are under______ (建设) in China. 66. ___________
67. We finally ______ (说服) the peasant to send his daughter to school. 67. ___________
68. Children are ______ (好奇) about everything around them. 68. ___________
69. The patient kept ______ (咳嗽) all night. 69. ___________
70. Parents should help their children to form good ______ (习惯). 70. ___________
71. I changed into my sports shoes in order to walk more ______ (舒服). 71. ___________
72.The child is old enough to_____(穿衣) himself. 72.___________
73. She was ______ (咬) by the family dog. 73. ___________
74. Miss Li speaks English with excellent ______(发音). 74. ___________
75. I'll go and see you next_____(星期二). 75. ___________
第二节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断:如无错误,在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√);如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:
此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意:原行没有错的不要改。
(请在答题卡上的指定位置作答)
On my way to home last Friday afternoon, I saw a young 76. ___________
lady walking slowly in the street with handbag in her hand. 77. ___________
A young man ride a bike came up, seized the bag suddenly and 78. ___________
took it away. The lady could do nothing but crying for help. 79. ___________
Just then I happened to be walking around the corner and 80. ___________
saw that had happened. I had a box with me so I 81. ___________
throw it on the street. When the man rode along, 82. ___________
the bike hit the box and he fell. But we caught the 83. ___________
fellow and got back the handbags. The lady was thankful to 84. ___________
myself. I said with a smile, “ Well, it doesn’t matter.” 85. ___________
第三节 书面表达(满分30分)
下列图表反映的是我校2005年与2008年学生健康状况调查的部分数据。请你用英文为某报写一份报告,反映该校三年间学生健康状况的变化情况,分析其原因并提出相应的改进措施(不少于两条)。
注意:1.报告必须包括图表中所有内容。
2.词数:110左右。第一句已给出(不计入总词数)。
A recent survey shows that the health of the students in our school has been going from bad
to worse in the past three years .
(请在答题卡上的指定位置作答)
唐山一中2009届高三年级仿真考试 (一) 答案
英语
1―
21―25 BADCA 26―
41―44 BCAB 45―48 BACD 49―52 DABC 53―56 CDDB
57―60 BCBC 61―65 FBDAC
66. construction 67. persuaded 68. curious 69. coughing 70. habits
71. comfortably 72. dress 73.bitten/bit 74. pronunciation 75.Tuesday
76. 去掉 to 77. handbag前加a 78. ride 改为riding 79. crying 改为cry
80. 正确 81. that改为what 82. throw改为 threw
83. But 改为So 84. handbags改为 handbag 85.myself改为 me
One possible version:
A recent survey shows that the health of the students in our school has been going from bad to worse in the past three years. The number of nearsighted students has increased from 78.2% in 2005 to 92.5% in 2008, while that of overweight, from 36% to 52.4%. Nearly 10% more students lack sleep because of more homework to do. Besides, over 15% more students become mentally unhealthy.
To improve students’ health, we call for less homework. Only in this way can students get plenty of sleep and meanwhile prevent them from being nearsighted. Proper diets and exercise should also be paid attention to so that they won’t easily put on weight. With their heavy burdens removed, students can then keep in normal mental health.
唐山一中2009届高三年级仿真考试(一)
文科综合能力测试
注意事项:
1.本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。第Ⅰ卷1-----6页,第Ⅱ卷7---10页。
2.答题前请仔细阅读答题卡上的“注意事项”,按照“注意事项”的规定答题。
3. 所有题目的解答均应在答题卡上作答,在本试卷上和草稿纸上作答无效。做选择题时,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
4. 考试结束后,将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共140分)
2009年深圳市高三年级第一次调研考试
文科基础 2009.3
本试卷共12页, 75小题,满分1 5 0分。考试用时l 2 0分钟。
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生首先检查答题卡是否整洁无缺损,监考教师分发的考生信息条形码
是否正确;之后务必用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔在答题卡指定位置填写自己的
学校、姓名和考生号,同时,将监考教师发放的条形码正向准确粘贴在答题卡的
贴条形码区。请保持条形码整洁、不污损。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需
改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,答案不能答在试卷上。不按要求填涂
的答案无效。
3.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将答题卡交回。
本试卷共75题,全部是单项选择题,每题2分。在每题的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的,多选、错选均不得分。
1.从
施后,顾客购物使用塑料袋的数量明显减少。这反映了
A.居民消费受从众心理的影响 B.居民消费水半受收入的影响
C.价格变动会影响企业的劳动生产率 D.价格变动会引起需求量的变动
2. 通货紧缩是与通货膨胀的表现形式相反的经济现象。一般而言,它表现为大多数商品
和劳务价格全面持续下跌。国家为抑制通货紧缩所能够采取的经济举措足
A.央行大幅度降低利率 B.企业进行大量裁员
C.央行减少纸币发行量 D.发展生产增加供给
3. 初次分配和再分配都要处理好效率和公平的关系,再分配更加注重公平。之所以强调
把效率与公平有机地结合起来,是因为
①效率是公平的物质前提,公平是提高经济效率的保证
②割裂效率与公平的关系会导致贫富差距悬殊或半均主义
③坚持效率与公平的统一是社会主义市场经济的基本要求
④坚持效率与公平的统一既要落实分配政策,又要提倡奉献精神
A.①②③ B.①②④ C.②③④ D.①③④
4.三鹿集团因其产品婴幼儿配方奶粉受到三聚氰胺污染事件陷入泥淖,法院已正式受理 三鹿债权人的破产申请,三鹿案自此进入企业破产程序,三鹿集团原高管也被检察院提起公诉。三鹿集团破产事件启示我们
A.企业不应该以营利为从事生产经营的目的
B.要做理性的消费者,践行正确的消费原则
C.要及时淘汰落后设备,促进资源合理配置
D.公司要重视产品质量,树立良好的信誉和形象
5.党的十七大报告指出:要促进国民经济又好又快发展。完成经济社会发展从“又快又 好”到“又好又快”的变化,就要
①提高自主创新能力,建设创新型国家
②加快转变经济发展方式,推动产业结构优化升级
③降低经济发展的规模和速度,推进我国城市化建设
④贯彻落实科学发展观,注重经济发展的质量和效益
A.①④ B.①②④ C.②③④ D.①②③④
6.按照国务院的要求,“深化医疗且生改革部际协调小组”于
《关于深化医疗卫生体制改革的意见(征求意见稿)》,公开向社会征求意见。各界人
士可用信函、传真或网络邮件方式返回意见。这说明
①我国公民履行了自己的政治性义务②我国政府坚持科学民主决策
③在我国公民可以参与决策的形成④我国公民依法实行民主监督
A.①② B.②③ C.②④ D.③④
7. 2008年,中国政坛刮起了一股“问责风暴”,数十名有关政府官员引咎辞职或遭免职问 责。这说明
A.我国政府工作的基本原则是对人民负责
B.我国政府是我国国家权力机关的执行机关
C.依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方略
D.我国公民对国家机关及其工作人员享有监督权
8.“多党合作制就好比一支交响乐队,各民主党派都是演奏师;大家公认,谱曲的就是共
产党,并且是吸收了交响乐队各位乐师的意见才把乐章谱好的。”这段话形象地说明了
A.中国共产党和民主党派是亲密的友党关系
B.中国共产党和各民主党派联合执掌国家政权
C.各民主党派在组织」_月及从中国共产党的领导
D.中国共产党和各民主党派是监督与被监督的关系
9.中俄两国本着互谅互让原则,经过多轮次谈判,成功解决了黑瞎子岛的领土争端问题,
被称为世界土解决边界争端问题的典范。这说明
A.领土是一个国家的生命和灵魂
B.我国主张以和平方式解决国际争端
C.我国的外交政策决定着我国的国家利益
D.合作、竞争和冲突是国际关系的主要内容
10.一般认为,“软实力”是指精神力量,是包括文化、制度、价值观念等所谓的软件要 素表现出来的能力。我国强调“软实力”是看到了
A.经济是基础,政治是经济的集中表现
B.文化决定经济,并给予经济以重大影响
C.文化“软实力”口益成为综合国力的基础
D.文化在综合国力中的地位和作用越来越突出
11.《国家“十一五”时期文化发展规划纲要》提出,中小学各学科课程都要结合学科特 点融入中华优秀传统文化内容。这是因为
①传统文化是维系民族生存和发展的精神纽带
②传统文化对社会和人的发展都起着积极作用
③对传统文化的继承是民族文化发展的必要前提
④坚持文化创新的正确方向就必须反对“守旧主义”
A.①② B.②③ C.①③ D.②④
12.香格里拉组合、刀郎木卡姆、土苗兄妹组合、比兹卡组合……这些带着强烈地域色彩 和民族风情的少数民族参赛组合及选手,以他们独特的民族服饰、语言、音乐及演唱, 驰骋中央电视台青歌赛比赛舞台。这从一个侧面表明
①中华文化的力量表现为民族精神的力量
②中华各民族的文化都是中华文化的瑰宝
③中华文化星现着多民族文化的丰富色彩
④中华文化是我国各民族传统文化的总和
A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④
13.
动,进一步净化网络文化环境,推动互联网健康有序发展。这项活动
A:会影响文化的多样化发展与传播
B.根除了腐朽文化和落后文化的蔓延
C.有利于建设社会主义核心价值体系
D.弘扬和培育了新时期中华民族精神
14.与“心诚则灵,心不诚则不灵”具有相同哲学寓意的是
A.人的理性为自然界立法 B.死生有命,富贵在天
C.人不能两次踏进同一条河流 D.形存则神存,形谢则神灭
15.一只兔子去钓鱼,一连三天都没有钓到一条鱼,它失望极了。第三天收竿时,一条鱼从水里跳出来说:“你这个笨蛋,明天再来钓鱼时,如果还用胡萝卜当钓饵,我扁死你。”从《生活与哲学》角度讲,兔子的错误在于
①没有做到一切从实际出发②只是从自己的主观想象出发
③没有做到具体问题具体分析④没有坚持用发展的观点看问题
A.①② B.①②③ C.②③④ D.③④
16.语言形式总会有一些多义现象的。语言的多义现象和语言的歧义现象不同,“多义”不等于“歧义”,因为多义形式一经出现在某一特定的语境之中,就只能有一种理解,不像“歧义”那样义有两歧,影响确切的表达。这启示我们要
A.在实践中不断地检验和发展真理
B.根据人的主观需要建立新的联系
C.注意分析和把握事物存在和发展的条件
D.坚持辩证法的革命批判精神和创新意识
17.政府必须把高校毕业生就业摆在就业工作的首位。这体现的哲学思想方法是
A.办事情要善于抓主要矛盾 B.办事情要善于抓矛盾主要方面
C.坚持一切从实际出发实事求是 D.坚持具体问题具体分析的原则
18.获得2008年度国家科学技术奖的徐光宪,把个人的生活完全融入到了科研工作当中, 全身心地投入。不论是当年的毅然回国还是数次改变研究方向,“国家需要”始终是第一位的。他的事迹告诉我们要
①在个人与社会的统一中实现价值②在劳动和奉献中创造价值
③人的价值在于满足自己的需要并实现自我价值④在砒砺自我中走向成功
A.①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④
19.“郑(国)人之取玉也,载司南之车,为其不惑也”。这说明我国战国时期发明的司南,
主要是用来
A.采玉 B.运输 C.游玩 D.辨别方向
20.汉初,萧何死后,曹参为相,他对萧何制订的制度一律照搬,这就是“萧规曹随”。“萧
规曹随”的做法,明显与下列哪一学派的政治主张担矛盾
A.墨家 B.儒家 C.法家 D.道家
21.“皇帝常服:……袍黄,盘领,窄袖,前后及两肩各织金盘龙一。……天顺二年,定官民衣服不得用蟒龙、飞鱼……并玄、黄、紫诸色,违者治以重罪。”这主要体现了 中国古代政治制度的什么特点
A.君权神授B.中央集权
C.严刑峻法D.皇权至上,皇位独尊
22.明清统治者实行闭关锁国的海禁政策,其出发点是
A.断绝对外贸易 B.限制工商业发展
C.巩固专制统治 D.保护农耕经济
23.西欧有一句名谚:“中国人的头,阿拉伯人的口,法兰西人的手。”结合对世界科技发 展史的认识,下列说法不正确的是
A.中国人勤劳智慧,创造出了高度发达、领先世界的古代科技成就
B.没有中国的造纸术和印刷术,就不可能有欧洲的文艺复兴和启蒙运动
C.欧洲吸收和借鉴中国科技成就,发展了近代科学
D.阿拉伯人在东西方文化交流中起到了桥梁作用
24.古希腊智者学派代表人物普罗塔哥拉说:“人是万物的尺度,是存在的事物存在的尺
度,也是不存在的事物不存在的尺度”。这种主张的历史进步意义是
A.否定了神或命运等超自然力量对社会人生的作用
B.强调了世界上没有绝对的事情,任何事物都是相对的
C.树立了正确评判正义、善德、真理的价值标准
D.宣扬了自由、平等、博爱、人权和法制的思想
25.与近代西方民主相比,古代雅典民主具有下列哪些特点
①直接民主②多数人的民主③少数人的民主④间接民主
A.①② B.①③ C.③④ D.②④
26.中国在秦朝时就制定了《秦律》,但中国封建社会依然被称为“人治”社会;近代英国实行君主立宪制,保留了君主,却被称为“法治”社会。两者的根本区别在于
A.君主是否拥有实权
B.是否制定了切实可行的法律
C.是否实行集体统治
D.王权是否凌驾于法律之上
27. 1871年的德意志帝国宪法规定:皇帝有权召集和解散联邦议会和帝国国会。1875年 的法兰西第三共和国宪法规定:总统征得参议院同意后,可以解散尚未届满的众议院。这说明两国的元首
A.都要对议会负责 B.都不要向议会负责
C.都与议会相互制约 D.都对议会有制约作用
28.四川地区素有“天府之国”的美称,经济发达、历史悠久。下列说法正确的是
①战国时期修建了著名的水利工程都江堰
②是中国资本主义萌芽最早产生的地区
③是近代中国民族资本主义企业最早产生的地区
④是“文革”结束后最早试行生产责任制的省份之一
A.①④B.②③C.①②③D.①③④
29.孙中山的民生主义是要
A.推翻君主专制统治B.建立资产阶级共和国
C.平均地权,节制资本D.国内各民族一律平等
30. 1953-1957年我国实施了发展国民经济的第一个五年计划,取得的主要成就有
①初步建立了独立的工业体系
②初步形成了合理的工业布局
③石油工业发展迅速,建成了大庆等大型油田
④对农业、手工业和工商业的社会主义改造基本完成,社会主义计划经济在中国基本确立
A.①②③ B.②③④ C,①②④ D.①②③④
31 .
①中国近代自办电报开始于清朝时期的台湾地区
②台湾问题是中国的内战遗留问题,与港、澳地区有本质区别
③“一国两制”最早在台湾地区成功实践
④马英九上台后两岸实现了大“三通”,这说明两岸关系趋于缓和
A.①③ B.②④ C.①②④ D.②③④
32.面对当前的金融风暴,温家宝总理多次强调要扩大内需来克服金融危机。历史上以扩 大内需来克服经济危机的是
A.列宁的战时共产主义政策
B.罗斯福新政实行社会救济和以工代贩的措施
C.新中国对资本主义工商业的社会主义改造
D. 1960年中共中央提出“调整、巩固、充实、提高”的方针
33. 2008年以来,金融危机席卷全球。英国首相布朗曾为某一国际组织到中东等地筹集资 金,希望提供更多贷款来帮助受金融危机影响的国家渡过难关,稳定国际汇兑。请结合所学知识进行推断,这一国际组织应是
A.世界贸易组织 B.联合国
C.国际货币基金组织 D.世界银行
34.
A.互相尊重领土完整 B.互不干涉内政
C.互不侵犯 D.平等互利
35.
①美国社会种族歧视观念已经完全消失
②两党制是美国分权制衡体制中的重要组成部分
③黑人己经赢得与白种人平等的选举权和被选举权
④民主党代表广大人民特别是黑人的利益
A.①③④ B.①②③ C.②③ D.②③④
36.第二次世界大战结束后的六十多年里没有发生大规模的世界大战。
A.全球一体化趋势加强 B.区域集团化趋势加强
C.各种矛盾越来越突出 D.和平与动荡并存
37.
A .7:40 B .8:
38.当护航舰队在印度洋航行时,下列叙述正确的是
A.顺风顺水 B.舰上官兵感到白天比平时要短
C.正午时舰上旗杆的影子朝正南方向 D.此时印度洋多飓风
39.上图中甲、乙、丙三地所对应的气候类型分别是
A.①③② B.④②③ C.④③② D.①②③
40.下图所示是①②③④四地昼夜长短的季节变化示意图,四地由北向南的排列顺序正确 的是
四地昼夜长短季节变化图
A.③④①② B.②①④③ C.④①③② D.②①③④
右图为“某城市多年平均风频玫瑰”图,读图回答41一42题。
41.在该城市建一火电厂,最佳位置是
A.西南郊 B.西郊www.ks5u.com
c.南郊 D.东北郊
42.下列叙述错误的是
A.酸雨是火电厂造成的环境问题之一
B.火电厂附近适宜布局建材厂和硫酸厂
C.我国北方以火电为主,酸雨比南方严重
D.火电厂应大力推广洁净煤技术
某城市风频玫瑰图
43.右图表示原料、劳动力、技术三种区位因素对P工业的影响程度,图中P工业可能是
A.甘蔗制糖
B.啤酒工业气
C.集成电路
D.电子装配
44.读“1950年至2005年世界城市人口比重变化统计”图,图示期间下列叙述错误的是
A.不同经济发展水平的国家城市化水平均不断提高
B.发展中国家城市化起步晚,但城市化速度较快
C.发达国家城市化水平高、发展速度快
D. 2005年发展中国家城市人口总数比发达国家城市人口总数要大
右图为某区域图,读图回答45一46题。
45、图中M自然带是
A.温带落叶阔叶林带
B.热带草原带
C.亚寒带针叶林带
D.亚热带常绿硬叶林带
46.图示国家最具特色的农业地域类型是
A.混合农业 B.水稻种植业
C.商品谷物农业 D.热带迁移农业
右图为我国某种经济作物产量统计图,读图回答47-48题
47 该经济作物是
A.棉花 B.甜菜口其它
C.油菜 D.天然橡胶
48.影响此种经济作物分布的主要区位因素是
A.热量 B.市场 C.水分 D.地形
49.读“1953-2000年间中国汉族和少数民族人日年平均自然增长率图”,判断下列叙述错误的是
A. III阶段少数民族人口增长模式是“高低高”型
B. 1964年后少数民族人日自然增长率较高是国家政策所致
C. IV阶段全国年净增人口的绝对数量大
D. 1964年以后,我国少数民族人口占全国总人口的比重不断下降
读欧洲一月等温线图,回答50-51题。
50.从等温线分布规律看,莫斯科与巴黎一 月平均气温差可能是
A .
B.
C.
D .
51.欧洲西部一月份等温线大致与海岸线平
行,其主要原因是
A.受太阳辐射影响
B.受地形及山脉走向的影响
C.受人口密度及城市热岛效应影响
D.受西风带及北大西洋暖流影响
52.右图为某地地层分布小意图,读图判断下列叙述正确的是
A、①处背斜主要由外力作用形成
B、②处山峰主要由内力作用形成
C、③处峡谷主要由外力作用形成
D、④处山峰主要由内力作用形成
读“我国某地区人口密度与干燥度相关图,回答53一54题。
53.下列对图中各地的叙述正确的是
A.各地的干燥度与距离东部海洋的远近呈正相关
B.人口密度与十燥度呈正相关
C.从三原到尉犁的变化体现了纬度地带性规律
D.从尉犁到三原风力侵蚀作用越来越强
54.下列对该地区的叙述不正确的是
A.该地区畜牧业发达 B.人口主要分布在灌溉水源较好的地区
C.主要环境问题是土地荒漠化 D.该地的河流多数是外流河
55.最早总结出物体加速度与力、加速度与质量关系的科学家是
A.卡文迪许B.牛顿 C.伽利略 D.笛卡尔
56.从某一高度相隔Is先后释放两个相同的小球甲和乙,不计空气的阻力,它们在空中 任一时刻
A.甲、乙两球距离始终保持不变,甲、乙两球速度之差保持不变
B.甲、乙两球距离越来越大,甲、乙两球速度之差也越来越大
C.甲、乙两球距离越来越大,甲、乙两球速度之差保持不变
D.甲、乙两球距离越来越小,甲、乙两球速度之差也越来越小
57.为了测量物体与地面间的动摩擦因数,用一拉力让该物体在水平面上做匀速直线运动, 下列哪组测量值可以求出物体与地面间的动摩擦因数
A.水平拉力 B.物体的质量www.ks5u.com
C.物体的质量和物体对地面的压力 D.水平拉力和地面对物体的支持力
58,关于同步卫星,下列说法中正确的是
A.所有同步卫星的线速度大小都相同
B.所有同步卫星的角速度和周期都相同,且周期T= 12小时
C.所有的同步卫星的运行轨道都在赤道平面上空,但距离地面的高度可以不相同
D.所有同步卫星的质量大小相同
59.关于作用力与反作用力做功的关系,下列说法中正确的是
A.当作用力做正功时,反作用力一定做负功
B.当作用力不做功时,反作用力也不做功
C.作用力做正功时,反作用力也可以做正功
D.作用力与反作用力所做的功一定是大小相等、正负相反的
60.关于电荷所受电场力与电流所受安培力,正确的说法是
A.电荷所受电场力一定与该处电场方向一致
B.电流所受安培力一定与该处磁场方向一致
C.电荷在电场中不一定受电场力作用
D.电流在磁场中不一定受安培力作用
61.在地球的赤道附近,宇宙射线中的一束带负电的粒子垂直于地面射向赤道,那么在地 磁场的作用下,该束粒子的偏转方向将是
A.向东 B.向南 C.向西 D.向北
62.用下列一种试剂可以鉴别乙酸和乙醇,这种试剂是
A. NaOH B.酚酞试液 C.Na
63.下列物质中,含分子数最多的是
C. 6.02 X 1023个O2 D. 2mo1 H2
64.下列化学用语不正确的是
A.硅石?水晶、石英的主要成分:Si02 B.乙酸的结构简式:CH3COOH
C. (NH4 )2 S04化学名称:硫酸铵 D. S2-的结构示图
65.氦在地球上主要以He形式存在,而在月球上主要以He形式存在。关于He和He
的说法中不正确的是
A. He的中子数为1 B. He是氦元素的一种核素
C. He和He互为同位素 D. He和He相对原子质量相等
66.下列物质的分离(或提纯)方法正确的是
A.除去氯化钠溶液中的泥沙―蒸馏
B.分离乙酸与乙醇―萃取
C.用四氯化碳提取溟水中的澳单质―过滤
D.分离汽油和水―分液
67.在下列反应中,其离子方程式可以用表示的是
A. KOH溶液与稀盐酸 B. Cu(OH)2与稀HN03
C. NaOH溶液与稀CH3COOH D. Ba(OH)2溶液与稀H2SO4
68.下列说法中,不正确的是
A.汽油是混合物
B.通过化学反应可以制取新元素
C.食用加碘盐可以预防甲状腺肿大
D.将饱和FeCl3溶液滴加到沸水中可以制备Fe(OH)3胶体
69.图示某绿色植物细胞内部分物质的转变过程,有关叙述正确的是
A.图中①、②两物质依次是O2和H2O B.产能最多的阶段是图中b阶段
C、c阶段的[H]都来自线粒体 D、光照条件下图示各阶段也能进行
70.右图示细胞膜的亚显微结构,其中a和b分别代表两种不同的物质,下列叙述正确的是
A.由结构①推知,该侧为细胞的内侧
B.②的排列方式具有物种的特异性
C. a和b可分别表示酒精和氨基酸
D.③与选择透过性有关与流动性无关
71.将核区DNA的两条链都被放射性同位素标记的大肠杆菌(核区内含一个DNA分子),
放入无放射性的培养基中培养,使其分裂两次后,产生具有放射性DNA的细菌有
A. 0个 B .1个 C. 2个 D.4个
72.下列有关遗传与变异的叙述中,不正确的是
A.基因突变可使某种生物出现新的性状
B.体细胞的基因突变一般不传给下一代
C.基因重组可使子代表现出新的性状组合
D.先天愚型患者体细胞中着丝点数目为46或92个
73.若甲、乙、丙三个生态系统的生产者都固定了一样多的太阳能甲只有生产者和初级
消费者,乙比甲多一个次级消费者,丙比乙多一个三级消费者。在相同的非生物环境
条件下比较三个生态系统的生物总能量,下列正确的是
A.甲>乙>丙 B.甲>乙=丙 C.甲一乙一丙 D.甲<乙<丙
74.下列对有关实验的叙述正确的是
A.将解离后洋葱根尖直接染色,以便观察染色体的行为
B.月旨肪的鉴定需要用显微镜才能看到被染成橘黄色的脂肪滴
C.鉴定可溶性还原糖时,要加入斐林试剂甲液摇匀后,再加入乙液
D.分离叶绿体中的色素时,用层析液溶解及提取叶绿体中的色素
75.稻一萍一鱼是一种新兴的生态农业模式,下图示该生态系统的能量流动情况,下列有
关说法正确的是
A.该生态系统中共有三条食物链
B.鱼是三级消费者,第三营养级
C.该生物群落中没有水平结构
D.该模式提高了农田生态系统的抵抗力稳定性
2009年深圳市一模考试文基试题答案
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
D
A
A
D
B
B
A
A
B
D
C
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
D
C
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
D
C
B
A
B
D
D
A
C
C
C
B
C
B
C
D
B
A
C
B
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
D
C
D
C
D
A
D
A
D
C
D
D
A
D
B
C
D
A
C
D
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
C
C
D
D
D
D
A
B
D
C
C
D
A
B
D
唐山一中2009届高三年级数学仿真训练考试卷 (一)
数学
说明:1.本试卷共四页,包括三道大题,22道小题,共150分。其中第一道大题为选择题。
2.所有答案请在答题卡上作答,在本试卷和草稿纸上作答无效。答题前请仔细阅读答题卡上的“注意事项”,按照“注意事项”的规定答题。
第15课 人生仪礼
徐汇中学 姚虹
[教学目标]
1.了解诞生礼、成年礼、结婚礼、丧葬礼的内容、功能;通过对人生仪礼事象的分析,培养学生探究历史的意识。
2.通过阅读材料和对结婚礼的调查,了解人生仪礼的主要习俗及其发展变化;关注、观察生活中的人生仪礼事象,学会认识分析人生仪礼在社会生活中的地位作用。
3.知道珍爱生命、责任感、恪守承诺和感恩是美德,也是建设和谐社会的需要;社会的进步变迁和不同文明的交流、融合也使仪礼、仪式更合理、更人性化。
[重点与难点]
重点:结婚礼。
难点:结婚礼。
说明:
1.结婚礼是人生仪礼中比较复杂的一项仪礼,有较深的文化积淀,故为本课重点。
2.相对其他仪礼而言,结婚礼是学生最熟悉和了解的,有展开的空间,可以达到一定的深度,故又为本课难点。
[教学设计]
1.导入新课。 指出人生有许多发展阶段,人们发明了礼俗来庆祝或纪念人生的发展阶段,于是就有了人生仪礼。提问“为什么要学习人生仪礼这一内容,了解仪礼能有什么获益?”
本环节以“人生如竹”引入,指出无论古今中外,人们在社会生活中普遍要遵循的人生仪礼有诞生、成年、婚嫁、丧葬四项。在历史课中除了要学习了解人生仪礼的内容、发展变化和文化寓意外,还要认识礼俗是文明的一种表现形式,也是考察历史发展的窗口之一,礼俗的演变体现着文明发展的历程。
2.讲授诞生礼。请学生说说所知道的诞生礼俗,讲讲《红楼梦》中宝玉抓周的故事。提问“今天许多育子仪式仍在民间保留着,它有什么含义?”
引导学生认识仪礼是一种古俗的传承,蕴含着文明的信息。
根据教材提示概括诞生礼俗包括求子仪式、孕期习俗、庆贺生子三个阶段。诞生礼是一种古俗的传承。《礼记•内则》:“子生,男子设弧于门左,女子设?于门右。”分析“贾宝玉抓周”的故事,知道抓周是一种对未来人生的预演、彩排,却也折射出一种文明信息,反映了传统农业社会男女的分工。
今天许多育子仪式仍在民间保留着,表达母爱、父爱,亲子之情,阖家共享添喜的欢乐。向婴儿祝吉,一是希望他健康成长;二是预祝他将来有所成就。
3.讲授成年礼。介绍中国古代的冠礼和笄礼;根据材料分析成年礼的功能和文化意义。
本环节意在培养学生从材料阅读中提取信息和透过现象看本质的能力。引导学生正确认识成年礼的意义。
唐山一中2009届高三年级仿真考试(一)
理科综合能力测试
考生注意:
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共300分。考试时间150分钟。
2.答题前,考生务必将密封线内的项目填写清楚。
3.请将各卷答案填写在答题卷上。
4.可能用到的相对原子质量:H―1、C―12、O―16、Mg―24、Cu―64 、Na―23、
Al-27、Fe-56。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题)共126分
1.正常人体细胞,不存在
A.ATP合成酶 B.DNA解旋酶 C.限制性核酸内切酶 D.过氧化氢酶
2.下图为人的β―珠蛋白基因与其mRNA杂交的示意图,①~⑦表示基因的不同功能区。转录方向是由左向右。下列关于基因结构及其功能的说法中,错误的是
A.上述分子杂交的原理是碱基互补配对原则
B.细胞中β―珠蛋白基因编码区不能翻译的序列是③⑤
C.细胞中β―珠蛋白基因开始转录时,能识别和结合①中调控序列的酶是RNA聚合酶
D.在形成mRNA的过程中,DNA的另一条链也可以同时作为转录的模板
3. 肠道病毒EV71常引起儿童手足口病、病毒性咽喉炎。下列关于人体对该病毒免疫过程的说法正确的是
A.EV71侵入机体后经T细胞摄取处理,暴露出EV71所特有的抗原
B.效应 T 细胞能通过释放淋巴因子攻击被EV71入侵的细胞
C.患儿痊愈后若再次感染该病毒,相应的记忆细胞会迅速产生抗体消灭病毒
D.患儿感染EV71后,需体液免疫和细胞免疫共同作用才能将病毒彻底清除
4.大肠杆菌的代谢产物(有机酸)能与伊红和美蓝结合,使菌落呈深紫色,并带有金属光泽。下表是伊红一美蓝培养基的配方,下面的四个选项中正确的是
蛋白胨
乳糖
葡萄糖
K2HPO4
伊红
美蓝
蒸馏水
1000mL
A.从营养物质看,该培养基缺少生长因子
B.从化学成分看,该培养基是天然培养基
C.该培养基中的乳糖、葡萄糖可同时作为碳源
D.将培养基的pH调至适宜范围即可进行接种
5. 右图显示了蝌蚪的生长速率随种群密度增加的变化情况(在同样的空间里,个数由5增加到160),图中曲线可以说明
A.食物短缺降低了蝌蚪存活率
B.每只蝌蚪变态所需时间与种群密度成负相关
C.一定范围内,蝌蚪生长速率与种群密度成正相关
D.高种群密度下,能够变态为青蛙的可能性减小
6.下列关于营养物质的说法正确的是
A.油脂的氢化属于还原反应,又属于加成反应,生成物为纯净物
B.1mol蔗糖水解生成1mol葡萄糖和1mol果糖
C.淀粉溶液和稀硫酸共热后发生水解反应,冷却后加少量银氨溶液,水浴加热后会出现光亮的银镜
D.鸡蛋白溶液中滴加饱和的硫酸铵溶液,出现白色沉淀,该过程叫蛋白质的变性
7.下列选项中可以用下图表示物质或概念间的从属关系的是
X
Y
Z
A
化合物
离子化合物
电解质
B
混合物
分散系
胶体
C
元素周期表的纵列
主族
副族
D
烃
苯的同系物
苯乙烯
8.下列说法或表示方法中正确的是
A.氢气的燃烧热为285.8kJ?mol-1,则氢气燃烧的热化学方程式为:
2H2(g)+O2(g)=2H2O(l);△H=-285.8kJ?mol-1
B.已知中和热为57.3 kJ?mol-1,若将
C.Ba(OH)2?8H2O(s)+2NH4Cl(s) =BaCl2(s)+2NH3(g)+10H2O(l);△H<0
D.等质量的硫蒸气和硫磺分别完全燃烧,后者放出的热量多
9.一定条件下的某密闭容器中,进行如下反应并建立平衡:
2X(g)+Y(g) Z(g)+W(g);△H<0
若改变某一条件,下列说法正确的是
A.使用催化剂或缩小容器容积,平衡均不发生移动
B.升温既可以提高反应速率又可以提高X的转化率
C.等容时加入少量Z,平衡后混合气体中Z的体积分数变小
D.向容器中加入一定量的Y,上述反应的△H不变
10.一定温度下,向质量分数为a、物质的量浓度为c1的乙腈(CH3CN)溶液中加入等体积水,所得溶液中乙腈质量分数为
A.ρ1>ρ2 c1>
C.ρ1<ρ2 c1>
11.下图中甲、乙两个装置用导线连接,有关叙述正确的是
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