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第七课  婚姻与家族

上海市大同中学  邵清

[教学目标]

     1、了解人类婚姻制度的演变过程及其内在因素;知道中国姓氏的产生及其内涵;知道家族是由父系祖先繁衍而成的聚居血缘团体,理解中国进入阶级社会后家族制度和家庭制度的变化。

     2、通过对人类婚姻制度的演变过程及其内在因素的了解,认识人类的生存方式与社会经济发展的关系。

    3、了解近代以来促使婚姻家庭关系变化诸多因素,使学生理解尊重各种形式的家庭结构;通过对婚姻的制度演变过程的分析,树立正确的婚育观念。通过了解男女性别伦理观念与社会发展关系,使学生认识到禁止近亲结婚的法律规定,是人类经过长期繁衍后代的实践才获得的知识和确立的社会规范,提高学生对于我国《婚姻法》科学性的认同;

[重点与难点]

重点:婚姻制度的演变及其内在的因素

难点:婚姻制度与人类社会文明的关系

1、    设定以上的重点和难点原因有:一方面,以婚姻制度的历史变化,反映人类生活方式的进步,是文明进步的重要内容,是衡量人性发展的尺度,也是编写者的主要意图;另一方面,婚姻制度的变化涉及自然选择、性伦理以及私有制的产生与发展等诸多因素,离中学生的生活经验距离甚远,学生难以理解。

[教学设计]

1、导入新课:

教师展示不同时期的婚礼图片,提问学生:谈谈你对婚姻的认识。

婚姻是一种社会现象,学生虽没有亲身经历,但应该对此有自己的看法和观点,此环节能够获知学生已有的知识基础,使新知识有一个落脚点。

 

 

2、讲授婚姻制度的演变。教师提出概念:婚姻制度是在男女性别伦理观念基础上形成的。教师出示下列图表,边演示边讲解,以时间为序,详细介绍从群婚制、对偶婚到一夫一妻制的婚姻制度的演变,在讲授的过程中可以穿插一些考古发现、相关史料或者在少数民族中依然存在的原始婚姻的例子,来加以说明;

(图表:    

群婚制、族内婚  ――  原始人群时期

 

 

族外婚、对偶婚­­ ―― 母系氏族公社时期

 

 

一夫一妻制婚姻 ――父系氏族公社时期

本段内容是课文的重点,涉及内容学生较为陌生,因此是以教师讲解为主。在讲授的过程中,注意两点:其一,力求使讲授深入浅出,史论结合;其二,突出每一个变化的背后的历史因素。通过讲授使学生认识:人类婚姻制度经历了:群婚制、对偶婚制、一夫一妻制三个阶段。群婚制向族外婚制的发展,出现了氏族;对偶婚的出现和发展,又使部落的规模进一步扩大;而一夫多妻、一夫一妻制家庭的出现又推动了社会由母系氏族向父系氏族转变,进而瓦解了氏族社会。这一系列变化与自然选择有一定关系,更与人们的性别伦理观念、财产关系等有着非常密切的联系。从血缘婚姻到一夫一妻制家庭的产生过程反映了人类对自身繁衍和社会的特定认识,是文明进步的重要内容。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3、讲授婚姻制度与人类文明的关系。此环节教师可以引导学生可以围绕“婚姻制度演变的原因和对人类社会发展的影响”进行讨论,在讨论的过程中达成共识。

本段内容学生不易理解,因此是本课的难点。在教学过程中,应该围绕主题层层分解,使学生认识:人类婚姻制度的演变与人类社会的文明进步是不可分割的。婚姻制度的演变既是人类文明发展的表现,又是人类文明发展的成果。

 

 

 

4、讲授姓氏,主要是以中国为例。教师可以从解释姓、氏两字的含义入手,讲授姓氏的由来和演变。围绕中外几种姓氏或学生自己姓氏的来源,师生共同活动,活跃课堂气氛。时间允许可以补充西方或日本的姓氏起源,扩大学生视野。

讲授姓氏起源要突出的是:姓产生于原始氏族社会,作为识别和区分氏族的特定标记符号应运而生。中国最早的姓都带有“女”字,如姬、姜、妫、姒等,可以推断早在母系氏族时期,姓已经形成。氏最早在原始社会晚期形成。黄帝时已有"胙土命氏"。随着氏族制度的解体和阶级社会、国家制度的形成,出现了赏赐封赠土地以命氏的习惯。结论:中国姓氏经历了因生为姓、由姓分氏、氏盛姓衰、姓氏相别的曲折进程。姓氏的产生和发展折射出文明的历程。

 

 

 

 

 

5、讲授家族概念。从讲授家庭概念入手,进而可以让学生做一张自己家的亲戚关系表,确认祖父、祖母、外祖父、外祖母等称谓的含义。教师在此基础上再对家族和家庭的定义进行总结。

 

 

 

讲授家庭,主要是明确它是社会最基本的细胞,是以婚姻为前提、以血缘为纽带的人类社会组织,所以家庭与婚姻之间有着密不可分的关系。制作亲戚关系表,主要是从中体现出家庭的结构和家族的组成,使学生从对家族的感性认认识,进理性地认识家族是由原始社会后期的父系氏族中孕育而来的,家族是指以血统关系为基础,由若干家庭组成地社会集团。家族组织地基本原则是以父系血统为基础,以“姓”为源头,以“宗”为系统,以“族”为基本单位,进行不同范围地亲属组合。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6、讲授中国家族制度的演变。围绕“家族制度就是中国的社会制度”(冯友兰语)这一主题,以家庭→家族→家庭的演变线索,从早期的宗法制度到宋代的强化家族意识等,详细介绍中国家族制度的演变。

 

本段内容不仅要使学生了解中国家族制度演变过程,更重要的是要让学生认识:中国家族制度的发展文明的发展,同时它的演变对中国传统社会经济、文化和社会变迁产生了深刻的影响。

早期各部落的家族制度并不一致,殷人采取“兄终弟及”的继承制度,周人采取的是嫡长子继承制,形成了严格的宗法制度,这些初中教材都有过介绍。周朝灭亡后,宗法制度的影响依然存在。经过魏晋南北朝和唐末社会的大动荡,传统的血缘家族聚居的状态遭到了极大破坏。但宋代以后,人们通过建立宗祠、编修家谱等方式强化血缘关系的意识与社会功能,家族传统才得以延续至今。

在这个过程中,教师可以提问:“为什么中国进入阶级社会后,人们仍然十分重视家族关系?”引导学生从中国是大河农业文明的典型国家,农民世代定居在固定的农业区域的生活方式出发,理解具有血缘纽带的家族不易解体的原因。

为了使学生有一些感性认识,教师可以在此穿插一些电视剧、小说或者一些著名大家族的介绍。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

启发学生把自己的祖辈的家庭和现在的家庭作比较,谈谈中国当代家庭形式的变化。

教师可以启发学生从家庭成员的数量、组成结构等方面作比较。由此认识中国家庭由大家庭→联合家庭→主干家庭→核心家庭的演变,认识家庭变化的趋势。

 

 

 

7、小结。教师从两个方面小结:1、婚姻、姓氏、家庭和家族的关系;2、婚姻制度和家族制度演变的原因和发展的影响

   婚姻造就了以血缘为纽带的庞大的家庭系统,而姓氏则成为它们内存联系的外在表现,婚姻使人类繁衍自身的基本形式,家庭是人类生活的细胞,婚姻的产生、家庭的建立,使家族延续不断,婚姻与家庭的历史变化反映了人类生活方式的进步,这一切成为人类社会结构基础的构成部分,同时也反映出人类文明所走过的历程。

 

 

 

 

 

[资料附录]

材料一:云南少数民族的婚姻习俗有趣而奇特,但其中最为独特的要数泸沽湖畔的摩梭人的阿注婚。阿注婚分为阿注婚、阿注同居婚、成家婚三种形态。

  阿注婚:阿注在摩梭语中是亲密的朋友之意,其特点是:男不娶,女不嫁,男女各在母系大家庭中生活,结交阿注关系的夫妻没有实质上的经济联系,男子夜间到女家居住,白天回到母家,所生子女由母亲或姐妹抚养,父亲不抚养孩子,他抚养的是自己的外甥,而他的孩子又由阿注家舅舅抚养。在农忙季节,女方家需要帮忙,男方可以前去协助。男女之间的爱情是阿注婚的基础,双方一旦产生了爱情,就可以结交为阿注关系。

  阿注婚的特点在于维系以母亲为核心的血缘大家庭,家庭中不存在父子关系、婆媳关系、妯娌关系等。母亲死后,家庭中的女子谁能干就由谁来承担家庭的重任。

  阿注同居婚:在长期的阿注婚中,婚姻形态也在逐渐转变,由分居向同居转化,其特点是:男女双方不再各居母家,而是共同生活在一个母系家庭,一般是男到女家(也可以女到男家),无论到哪家,都是母系大家庭中合理的成员。

以上两种阿注婚,同一母系血缘内,是绝对禁止结交阿注关系的。

       ――新华网http://www.yn.xinhuanet.com/travel/2003-10/17/content_1068873.htm

材料二:

德国社会学家L?穆勒曾经将婚姻的动机归纳为三种,即经济、子女和感情。认为在上古时代经济第一,子女第二,爱情第三;中古时代,子女第一,经济第二,爱情第三;现代社会,爱情第一,子女第二,经济第三。古代社会,婚姻的主导动机缘于妇女是创造财富的活工具,娶妻是为了增加劳动力,人的性欲在婚姻之外可以得到满足。人类婚姻史的第二个时期,妇女劳动范围逐渐变小,财富及继承问题日益突出,于是关于个人至亲骨肉的后代观念便成了婚姻的主导动机。娶妻是为了生育合法的儿女和照管家室。第三时期,妇女社会地位起了变化,个人自由成为社会生活的基本准则,爱情成了婚姻的主导动机,其次才是生儿育女和权衡经济。

                                   ――摘自《中国大百科全书  社会学卷》

 

 

[板书设计]

             形成的基础:男女性别伦理观念

 

婚姻制度       演变过程;    群婚制、族内婚→族外婚、对偶婚→一夫一妻制婚姻

 

          社会形态    原始人群时期  母系氏族公社时期  父系氏族公社时期

          

产生时期:氏族公社阶段

中国姓氏             

演变过程:姓――产生与母系氏族公社时期

                                 氏――产生于父系氏族公社时期

姓氏与家族                        秦汉以后逐渐合一

                    

                                                血缘聚居

              中国家族与家庭:一夫一妻或多妻家庭         家族       家庭

                                                   (嫡长子继承制)

                                                                核心家庭

                                                                主干家庭

                                                                    联合家庭

 

 

 [训练设计]

右图是公元前3000多年大汶口遗址35号

墓的复原图。 墓中的成年男子位于墓穴中部,成

年女子右臂搂一小孩,居男子右侧,众多随葬品大多被放置在靠近丈夫一侧。据不完全统计,大汶口墓地里,有人骨架的128座墓里有8座合葬墓。已鉴定为男女合葬墓者有4座。

从以上的考古发现中,你能得出什么有效信息?

答案:大汶口文化时期,居民已出现男子地位高于女子地位的一夫一妻制个体家庭。

 

 

试题详情

西南师大附中2008―2009学年度下期期中考试

高二语文试题

 

(考试时间:150分钟    满分:150分)

注意事项:

1.答卷前考生务必将自己的班级、姓名、学号和考试科目用钢笔、铅笔分别填在机读卡和第II卷密封线内。

2.第I卷每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把机读卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上。

3.第II卷用钢笔或圆珠笔直接答在试题卷上。

4.考试结束,将机读卡和第II卷上交(第I卷自己保留好,以备评讲)

第Ⅰ卷(选择题  共39分)

试题详情

安徽省黄山市2009届高中毕业班第一次质量检测

政治试题

    本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第1I卷(非选择题)两部分;满分1 00分,考试时间90分钟。

注意事项:

    1答题前,考生在答题卷上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的区(县)、学校、班级和姓名在答题卷上的密封栏内填写清楚。

    2作答第1卷,每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,在试题卷上作答无效。

    3第Ⅱ卷直接在答题卷指定的区域作答。

 

第1卷(选择题,共48分)

试题详情

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

试题详情

西安中学

师大附中

高2009届第一次模拟考试

高新一中

长安一中

英  语  试  题

命题人:高新一中  李  翔

审题人:师大附中  黄丽红

 

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共150分。时间120分钟

第一部分:英语知识运用(共三节,满分50分)

第一节:语音知识(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分相同的选项。

1. steak             A. league        B. teamwork     C. eager             D. break

2. advised    A. competed        B. watched        C. repaired        D. punished

3. fortune    A. comfort     B. doctor        C. forbid           D. report

4. among     A. fond           B. along             C. lovely           D. modern

5. decision   A. sugar               B. season          C. pleasure             D. expression

第二节:语法和词汇知识( 共15小题;每小题15分,满分15分)

6. In 1967, ____ British writer by ____ name of Williamson described this event in his novel.

A .a; a               B. a; the            C. the; a            D. the;/    

7. ―If you keep on breaking the rules, you ’ll be fired.

  ―____? I don’t care.

   A. What for   B. How come      C. So what          D. Why so

8. I gave all the newspapers to them and spared ____, though I didn’t have ____ in my flat.

   A. nothing; much                        B. nothing; many    

C. none ; much                         D. none; many

9. ―What clothes do you think I should wear for the ball?

  ―Dress ____ you like.

     A. what           B. whatever         C. how       D. however

10. The central government is taking measures to ____ the prices of daily necessities.

     A. put down         B. turn down        C. bring down    D. take down

11. ―Have you finished your composition already, Jack?

―Yes, I ____ it within half an hour.

     A. have finished      B. finished          C. finish      D. had finished

12. ____ everything into consideration, the result is better than ____.

     A. Taking ; expected                       B. Taken; expected 

C. To take ; expecting                      D. Taking; expecting

13. ―____ he come to see you as he promised?

   ―Of course. And I’d rather he ____ me the truth.

   A. Can; cover      B. Will; inform     C. Shall; told       D. Should; will tell

14. You can’t wear a light blue coat ____ that jacket ―it looks terrible.

     A. over                B. above          C. up            D. on

15. Mount Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest ____ everyone likes to visit.

     A. that          B. as              C. which       D. what

16. Having been praised by the teacher, the little girl ran back home,____.

    A. happily and satisfied                  B. eager and excitedly                     

C. happy and satisfied                   D. anxiously and excitedly

17. ?How long do you suppose it will be ____ he arrives at the small village?

   --Five hours or so.

     A. when            B. before            C. since              D. after

18. ?Were all the passengers on the bus injured in the accident?

   --No, ____ only the four who got hurt.

     A. there was      B. there were      C. that was         D. it was

19. Students in this school don’t have classes on Wednesday afternoon, which is ____ , for teachers have a meeting.

     A. practice        B. action      C. experience    D. sense

20. An average of 130,000 Chinese ____ abroad for studies every year over the past few years, improving exchanges in the educational fields.

     A. was going                             B. have been going  

C. has been going                         D. are going

第三节:完形填空(共20题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

    阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的4个选项 A、B、C、D中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

       My father met my mother in a poker (扑克牌) game. He couldn't   21   his eyes off her. It was her company's annual   22   , and he walked her home that night. The next week, from his home in Chicago, he   23  her a postcard:" Remember me? Please   24   , because I'll be calling you one of these days. David".

      She still has that postcard. I'm not sure what made her   25   it. Though he already had his heart  26  her, she hadn't chosen him yet,  27   not consciously.

      As my father often told us   28   we were growing up, it was   29   luck that he was at the picnic that day. As a salesman for a big electronics company, he was in town to   30   customers and happened to stop by the branch office that Saturday morning to   31   some calls. The telephone rang ; it was the   32   of a local radio station with whom my father had done some business. So the manager   33   my father to come right over to their annual picnic.

       My mother was a writer at that radio station. If my father hadn't   34   by the office that morning ,he told us,  35   if he'd gotten there two minutes later, the life--our lives-- would have been   36  .

       A few months after the wedding, my father was transferred East. They   37 in New York, in the house where I grew up.

       Sometimes I think about that, how time sweeps us   38   and puts us in a certain place where we're faced with one choice or another. By chance or by the   39   we make, we leave behind other lives we could have lived, full of  40  passions and joys, different problems and disappointments.

  21. A. take          B. meet           C. fix              D. put

  22. A. game              B. competition         C. picnic          D. meeting

  23. A. booked      B. wrote           C. sold            D. sent

  24. A. do          B. forget           C. wait            D. read

  25. A. bring         B. save            C. let              D. gather

  26. A. look for     B. set on           C. stare at       D. fall to

27. A. at least       B. more or less   C. as a result     D. at last

28. A. because     B. until            C. though         D. while

29. A. blind          B. sad             C. sorrowful       D. tiresome

30. A. fight with    B. agree with       C. argue with        D. meet with

31. A. produce     B. develop         C. make           D. get

32. A. friend       B. manager        C. salesman       D. customer

33. A. invited        B. refused          C. forced          D. allowed

 34. A. slept          B. spoken         C. stopped        D. grown

  35. A. and         B. but             C. then            D. or

 36. A. missed      B. lost             C. stolen           D. gone

 37. A. married           B. settled          C. met             D. separated

  38. A. away         B. off              C. along           D. up

 39. A. choices       B. places           C. lives            D. times

40. A. similar      B. familiar         C. different        D. dangerous

第二部分:阅读理解(共25小题;第一节每小题2分,第二节每小题1分;满分45分)

第一节:阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

                                                                                                                                                                                                                

                                 A                      

     Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to a Chinese student they always say," My spoken English is poor. " However, their spoken English does not have to remain “poor”! I would like to suggest that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English.                                                                                                  

  First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary. Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary. However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary, if your attitude is positive. Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know.

     Second, they are afraid of making mistakes. Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous. Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY. Your aim in writing is to be accurate following the rules for grammar and using the right words and spelling them correctly. However, in speaking your aim is fluency. You want to get your message across, to talk to someone in English, as quickly and as well as you can. Even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, it doesn't matter because the person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears.

     The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to listening. You have one mouth but two ears! All that is heard is necessary for you to start speaking.

      Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive(主动进攻型)language learners. Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English they passively wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and wonder why their English always remains poor. If you have this proactive outlook, then you will see English opportunities wherever you go.

      If you do not use your English beyond the classroom you will forget what English you know. Remember: USE IT OR LOSE IT! You can learn how to speak English better by speaking English more.

41. What is most probably the writer's purpose in writing the passage?

    A. To improve your reading.

    B. To improve your listening.

    C. To improve your spoken English.

    D. To improve your vocabulary.

42. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _­­­­______

    A. Don't be fluency. Just be accuracy !

    B. Don't be nervous, don't be shy. Just write !

    C. Don't be afraid of making mistakes. Just speak !

    D. Don't be shy, don't be fluency. Just listen and write !

43. The last paragraph is possibly close to the meaning of "________"

    A. More hurry, less speed.               B. Better late than never.

    C. Silence is gold.                      D. Practice makes perfect.

44. The text is most probably taken from a _______

    A. teacher's diary                      B. report on study

C. sports newspaper                   D. movie magazine

B

     The murder took place around ten o' clock p. m. on June 10th. Thirty-two people watched Kitty being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet, none of the 32 helped her. Not even one called the police. Was this inhumane cruelty? Was it lack of feeling for one's fellow man?

     "Not so," say scientists Dr. Darley and Dr. Fatane. They've found the reasons why people don't act. According to them, a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice there is an emergency.

     Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall onto the ground. Is he having a heart attack, or some other physical trouble? Or is he simply about to sleep off a drunk? So it's not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency.

     Second and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel himself responsible. He must feel that he must help.

     The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They asked college students to come in to be "tested". Some came alone, some with one or two others, and some in large groups. When they came in either alone, in pairs, or in groups, a lady went into the next room. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of something falling and a cry for help. All of these had been pre-recorder.

     Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.

     In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn't. They do not feel any direct responsibility.

45. Why didn't the thirty-two people act to help Kitty according to the passage?

    A. Because they were afraid to be killed.

    B. Because they were cruel in their hearts.

    C. Because they thought others would help.                         ,

    D. Because they didn't notice the emergency.

46. Which of the following is an emergency.'?

    A. Someone is falling onto the ground.

    B. Someone is needing help.

    C. Someone is sleeping off a drunk.

    D. Someone is having a heart attack.

47. The result of the tests shows that_______.

    A. none of the tested students acted to help

    B. the more people there are together, the more people will act to help

    C. the more people there are together, the fewer people will act to help

    D. college students would be more likely to help than ordinary Americans

48. It can be concluded from the passage that Americans don't ______ in a group.

    A. notice an emergency

    B. feel direct responsibility

    C. depend on each other

D. go through two steps before they act                                                                                                       

C

My senior year, I can't believe it's almost over. Now when I look back, it was stressful, but exciting, the ball, graduation, and then of course, college.

      I started my college application process months before Christmas. My parents told me it would be smart if I set up interviews and tours. But 1 didn't have clear aim. I wanted to go to college, but I didn't want to deal with the stress.

      As the days flew by, my applications lay on my desk just as I had left them three months before. "You are wasting valuable time, "my parents complained. Sweeping away the gathered dust on the applications, I worked on them every Sunday until I finished. Next came writing the essays. I had many ideas, but every school had different requirements. I changed them until I was pleased. Finally, everything was underway.

      Now I just had to wait. In March, I started receiving letters of rejection. I began to think that I had set myself up for disappointment. I had a letter from Salem State College stating that they wanted to see my third quarter grades before they made their decision. Yes! At least someone wanted to consider me. At the beginning of April, I received a letter from Keens State. I had been rejected. Those opening words" We regret to inform you..." made me sit down and cry. I had lost all hope. Then I heard from Plymouth State. Not my first choice, but...I had been accepted. Maybe if I get my grades up, l can transfer to another school...

     The college application process hurt me deeply. All my friends had dozens of schools to choose from. I guess my parents were right. High school grades are undoubtedly important to your future plans. If I could do it all over again, I would take it more seriously.

49. How did the writer feel in the way of going to college?

    A. Happy.         B. Sad.            C. Mixed.          D. Changeable.

50. Which of the following is NOT true?

    A. The writer thought senior year was stressful.

    B. The writer didn't set up interviews and tours.

    C. The writer had a strong desire to get to college.

    D. The writer was afraid of the pressure of college.

51. What does the underlined sentence mean?

    A. The writer was fired by the college.

    B. The writer was rejected by the college.

    C. The writer couldn't go to any college.

    D. The writer couldn't go to college forever.

52. The writer felt       at the end of the passage.

 A. honourable      B. relieved        C. regretful        D. hopeless   

   

D

Business Week ( Oct. 8,2008 )

      Introducing Business Week's Power 100, our ranking of the most influential people in the world of sports.

Prospect(展望) ( Oct. 20,2008)

     In July, Gordon Brown published a green paper called "The Governance of Britain.” The final section said that we need to be clearer about the rights and responsibilities of citizenship and what it means to be British. It proposed(倡议) "to work with the public to develop a British statement of values. "  We asked 50 writers and intellectuals to give us their thoughts on this statement and what should inform it.

Science( Sep. 28,2008)

     In the journal's 28 September 2008 issue, Science, in partnership with the National Science Foundation, is pleased to present the winners and honorable mentions in the fifth annual Science and Engineering Visualization(视觉) Challenge.

Time( Sep. 1,2008 )

     From the phone that has changed phones forever, to futuristic cars, to a building made of water, to a remote controlled dragonfly(蜻蜓)―a dazzling display of ingenuity(独创性).

Guardian( Oct. 17,2008)

     Against all the odds, and seeing off competition from favourite to win Ian McEwan and Lloyd Jones, rank outsider Anne Enright,45, has been awarded the Man Booker prize for what the judges called a "powerful, uncomfortable and even at times angry book," The Gathering.

53. What do these five books have in common?

    A. Each of the articles in each book is introduced in detail.

    B. They are all published in the year and have one article digest.

    C. Each of them is commented by a great man in the world.

    D. They all introduce the most influential people.

54. What would be the best title for the article from Prospect?

    A. In Search of British Values.

    B. The Final Section.

    C. The Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship.

    D. 50 Writers and Intellectuals.

55. Who wins the Man Booker prize according to the passage?

    A. Gordon Brown.                      B. Ian McEwan.

    C. Lloyd Jones.                       D. Anne Enright.

56. The passage probably appears in a _______.

    A. report          B. magazine         C. text book       D. science book

E

     Avi Sadeh, a Psychology Professor at Tel Aviv University, said recently:" In real life, the daily struggles between parents and children are around these narrow problems of an extra hour, extra TV show, and so on," he added, "Too little sleep and more accidents".

     To investigate the effects on children of adding or reducing an hour of sleep, Sadeh changed the number of hours slept by 77 fourth and sixth graders for five days during a week when the children were healthy and there were no special social events or school activities.

     Sadeh and his colleagues found an extra hour of sleep can make a big difference. The children who slept longer, although they woke up more frequently during the night, scored higher on tests, Sadeh reported in the March/April issue of journal Child Development.

     " When the children slept longer, their sleep quality was somewhat weak, but in spite of this their performance for study improved because the extra sleep was more significant than the reduction in sleep quality. " Sadeh said. "Some studies suggested that lack of sleep as a child affects development into adulthood and it's more likely to develop their attention disorder when they grow older. "

     "Previous research has shown children in elementary school need at least nine hours of sleep a night on a regular basis", said Carl Hunt, director of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research in Bethesda," and high-school-age children need somewhat less, adding the results of insufficient sleep could be serious. "

     "A tired child is an accident waiting to happen," Hunt said. "And as kids get older, toys get bigger and the risks higher. "Hunt also said too little sleep could result in learning and memory problems and long-term effects on school performance.

     "This is an important extension of what we already know," Hunt said of Sadeh's research, "adding sleep is as important as nutrition and exercise to good health. To put it into reality, parents should make sure they know when their children actually are going to sleep and their rooms are conducive to sleeping instead of playing. "

57. What is Child Development?

    A. A new story.                           B. A popular book.

    C. A periodical magazine.                         D. A TV programme.

58. How many persons are exactly mentioned in the text?

    A. One.             B. Two.                C. Three.             D. Four.

59. The underlined phrase "conducive to" ( in the last sentence) could be replaced by ______.

    A. helping to produce                          B. influenced by

    C. full of                                   D. acceptable of

60. The following statements are right EXCEPT _______ according to the passage?

    A. There are some daily struggles between parents and children because of having nothing in common with extra rest time.

    B. The children who sleep longer are weak in their study.

    C. Lack of sleep as a child has great effect on their development into adulthood.

D. In General, children in elementary school need at least nine hours of sleep a night.

第二节: 根据对话内容,从对话后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳答案。选项中有两项为多余选项。

(Zhang=Z   Mr. Smith=M)

Z: Hello, are you Mr. Smith from the United States?

M: Yes, Robert Smith. Please call me Robert.__61___.

Z: My pleasure. Welcome to China. My name is Zhang Lin. You can call me Lin. This is my card.

M: Thank you. And __62___.

Z: Oh, good, thanks. How was the journey?

M: __63___, although a little tiring.

Z: Then let’s get your things and go to the hotel now.

M: Oh, thank you. __64___?

Z: It’s about thirty minutes’ drive. By the way, we are going to have a dinner party for you this evening.

M: It’s very kind of you. __65___?

Z: Six thirty. I’ll pick you up at six o’clock.

M: Ok, see you then.

Z: Bye.

A.It was OK                                       B.Where is the hotel

C.Here is my card                        D.Where shall we go

E.Thank you for meeting me              F.How many people are going there

G.What time dose it begin

(注: 使用旧式答题卡的考生,E填涂AB,F填涂AC,G填涂AD。)

 

 

 

 

第二卷(非选择题  共55分

第三部分:写作(共三节,满分55分)

第一节单词拼写(共10小题; 每小题1分,满分10分)

66. I enjoy   ­­­­___   (蔬菜) such as cabbages, carrots and tomatoes.          

66. ____________

67. The fierce dog _________(咬) the postman on the leg when he walked by.    

67. ____________

68.The actors were not very happy with my production, ______(部分) because of the scenery.                                           68. ____________

69.The plan is not easy to carry out in some ________(多山的) areas in the country.

                                                                                69. ____________

70. The Smiths bought a beautiful dress for their daughter’s _______(二十)birthday.

                                                                                    70. ____________

71.The professor ________(提到) to at the meeting will give us a lecture next week.

                                                                                    71. ____________

72. Why did you choose that one in         (特别)?         72. ___________

73. The children sat quietly on _________(坐垫) on the floor. 73. ____________

74. Our school is on the roadside, so it’s easy and          (方便) for you to find it.

                                                                                          74. ____________

75. Weather        (允许),we’ll have a picnic in the woods.    75. ____________

第二节: 短文改错(共10小题,每题1.5分,满分15分)

      此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断:如无错误,在该行右边横线上画出一个勾(√);如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:

该行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。

该行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧ ),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

该行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

  My swimming experience is extreme interesting. There was      76. _________

a time when I swam as a rock. This went on until one day         77. _________

when I was fishing with a friend at nearby pool.                78. _________

I fall into it. If my friend had not come to my rescue,               79. _________

I would have been drowned. Ever since then, I have come          80. _________

to know the important of learning to swim. I didn't                81. _________

attend to any training class but learned it on my own. Strange           82. _________

to say, I have no difficulty swim at all now. Though my              83. _________

self-invent styles look awkward(笨拙的), at least they can           84. _________

keep my floating. Thinking of this, I am more than satisfied.        85. _________

 

第三节:书面表达(满分30分)

    假设你叫李华,你的美国笔友Johnson想和家人来中国定居,请你帮他在A、B两个城市中做出选择。下面的图表是对这两座城市在就业、娱乐和环境等方面所作的对比。请你根据该表提供的信息用英语给他写封电子邮件,提出你的建议并说明理由。

    注意:1.图表左边的数字说明人们对这两个城市的喜爱程度。

    2.词数l20左右。短文开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。

Dear Johnson,

     I'm so glad to learn that you and your family are coming to settle down in China.                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                 

                                                                                        

                                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                         

                                                                          

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                                      

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                          

                                                                         

Yours,

                                                                                                                                                  Li Hua

                                                                               

西安中学

师大附中

高2009届第一次模拟考试

高新一中

长安一中

英 语 答 题 纸

第二卷

第三部分:写作(共三节,满分55分) 总得分数_______________

 

第一节单词拼写(共10小题; 每小题1分,满分10分) 得分_______________

 

66.____________ 67.____________ 68.____________69.____________70. ___________

 

71. ____________72. ___________ 73. ____________74. ____________75. ___________

 

第二节: 短文改错(共10小题,每题1.5分,满分15分)   得分_______________

    

  此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断:如无错误,在该行右边横线上画出一个勾(√);如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:

该行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。

该行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧ ),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。该行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

 

 My swimming experience is extreme interesting. There was      76. _________

a time when I swam as a rock. This went on until one day         77. _________

when I was fishing with a friend at nearby pool.                78. _________

I fall into it. If my friend had not come to my rescue,               79. _________

I would have been drowned. Ever since then, I have come          80. _________

to know the important of learning to swim. I didn't                81. _________

attend to any training class but learned it on my own. Strange           82. _________

to say, I have no difficulty swim at all now. Though my              83. _________

self-invent styles look awkward(笨拙的), at least they can           84. _________

keep my floating. Thinking of this, I am more than satisfied.        85. _________

第三节:书面表达(满分30分)                   得分_____________________

Dear Johnson,

         I'm so glad to learn that you and your family are coming to settle down in China.                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                  

                                                                                        

                                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                          

                                                                         

                                                                                     

                                                                          

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                          

                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                    Yours,                     &nbs

试题详情

西南师大附中2008―2009学年度下期期中考试

高二语文试题

 

(考试时间:150分钟    满分:150分)

注意事项:

1.答卷前考生务必将自己的班级、姓名、学号和考试科目用钢笔、铅笔分别填在机读卡和第II卷密封线内。

2.第I卷每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把机读卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上。

3.第II卷用钢笔或圆珠笔直接答在试题卷上。

4.考试结束,将机读卡和第II卷上交(第I卷自己保留好,以备评讲)

第Ⅰ卷(选择题  共39分)

试题详情

西南师大附中2008―2009学年度下期期中考试

高二英语试题

(总分:150分     考试时间:120分钟)

第一卷(三部分 115分)

第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)

做题时,先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.           1.Where is the man’s son?

A. At home.                      B. In the hospital.                 C. At school.

2.           2.What are the speakers talking about?

A. Their work.                  B. Their dreams.                   C. Their hobbies.

3.           3.What has been destroyed totally?

A. A bank.                        B. An office building.           C. A clothing store.

4.           4.What does the man mean?

A. The suit isn’t suitable.

B. He doesn’t need to wear a suit.

C. He wants to be a nightclub DJ.

5.           5.Where should the Band Aid(创可贴) be?

A. In the kitchen.              B. In the bathroom.               C. In the bedroom.

第二节(共12小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分18分)

请听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。 听每段对话前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。

请听第6段对话,回答第6至8题。

6.           6.What does the woman do for recreation?

A. She sees movies.           B. She does exercise.             C. She plays football.

7.           7.How does the man find fishing?

A. Boring.                        B. Relaxing.                         C. Interesting.

8.           8.What does the man find enjoyable?

A. Watching TV.                B. Sleeping under the stars.    C. Playing team sports.

请听第7段对话,回答第9至11题。

9.           9.What is the man’s job like?

A. It requires him to travel a lot.   B. It’s a little tiring.      C. It pays very well.

10.              10.What does Tom think of his job?

A. He thinks it’s great.       B. He hates traveling so much.   C. He’s satisfied with it.

11.              11.Who meets the most people?

A. Ken.                            B. Tom.                               C. Annie.

请听第8段对话,回答第12至14题。

12.              12.Why did the man come to the store?

A. Just to look around.       B. To find a gift.                   C. To find something on sale.

13.              13.How much will the man pay?

A. $ 43.5.                         B. $ 52.5.                            C. $ 45.

14.              14.What does the man buy?

A. A black cap, a red one and a blue one.

B. A blue cap, a black one and a grey one.

C. A red cap, a grey one and a blue one.

请听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。

15.              15.What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Classmates.                   B. Teacher and student.          C. Policeman and student.

16.              16.What happened to the woman?

A. Her bike was damaged.   B. Somebody stole her bike.   C. She forgot where her bike was.

17.              17.What do we learn from the conversation?

A. The bike was new, and blue.

B. The bike was locked to a mailbox.

C. The bike is at the police station.

第三节(共3小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分4.5分)

请听下面一段独白,用所听到的独白中的词或数填空,每空限填一个词或一个数。填入的内容要在答题卡相应的位置上。在听末段独白前,你将有时间阅读各小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。本段独白读两遍。

请听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。

A Wonderful Holiday

From July 6 to July 9

Place

Athens.

Hotel

A first-class hotel in the center of the city.

Activities

Visited the National Museum and the Acropolis, and went to a   18  .

From July 9 to July 16

Place

A Greek   19   .

Hotel

The hotel was very high up, and gave a wonderful view of the sea.

From July 16 to July   20 

Place

Athens.

Hotel

A first-class hotel in the center of the city.

第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)

第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21.              21.As is known to all, _________ great scientific achievements may have _________ positive effect on our life.

A. /, a                       B. a, the                   C. the, /                      D. / , /

22.              22.―I’ll give you $8000 for your car. That’s my final _____.

―It’s a deal! It’s yours.

A. charge                B. price                 C. offer                 D. agreement

23.              23.―I’d like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr. Smith.

    ―_________.

A. Oh, let’s not                                         B. I’d rather stay at home

C. I’m very sorry, but I have other plans      D. Oh, no. That’ll be too much trouble

24.              24.―Did Mr. Brown make a suggestion in the meeting?

―He _________ a good plan to make the farmers __________.

A. put forward; benefit from                      B. looked forward; benefit from 

C. kept up with; benefit                             D. put up with; benefit

25.              25.Facts prove that the world’s economic development is not a win- lose game but _________ in which all _________ be winners.

A. one; must              B. that; shall             C. one; can                 D. that; must

26.              26.He sold his farm, _________ gaining enough money for his journey.

A. and                       B. thus                     C. rather                     D. otherwise

27.              27._________ her death in 1886, the poet had become a legend in her hometown.

A. It was before long                                 B. When before long   

C. Ever since                                          D. Long before

28.              28.With Mr. Smith _________ at going home, I’ve _________ a car to pick him up tomorrow.

A. aimed; arranged                                   B. aiming; arranged for

C. aiming; arranged with                           D. aimed; arranged for

29.              29.―I’ll come to attend your speech at 9:00 tomorrow morning.

―I’m sorry. By then my speech _________ and I __________ TV at home.

A. will end; will watch                  B. is to end; will watch

C. will be ended; am going to watch        D. will have ended; will be watching

30.              30.My pen needs ___________.It ______ smoothly.

A. repairing; doesn’t write                         B. to repair; isn’t written

C. to be repaired; isn’t written                    D. to repair; doesn’t write

31.              31.I dressed very _____ for the trip, but I _____ so. The weather was hot.

A. warm; needn’t have done                       B. warmly; needn’t have done

C. warmly; needn’t do                                                                D. warm; shouldn’t have done

32.              32.It was for this reason _______ he gave to his teacher ________ he was absent from school.

A. why; that            B. that; that             C. that; why             D. why; why

33.              33.______ is pretty well understood ________ caused the greenhouse effect.

A. What; that            B. What; what          C. It; that                   D. It; what

34.              34.Miss Zhang demanded ________ the model plane _______ by us.

A. to see; to make                                     B. to be seen; making    

C. to see; made                                         D. seeing; to be made

35.  The Summer Palace is really beautiful. In fact I doubt whether China has ________ park.

A. a more beautiful                                B. a most beautiful     

C. the most beautiful                              D. a beautiful

第二节  完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

    阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

He met her at a party. She was outstanding; many guys were   36   her, but nobody paid any attention to him. After the party, he   37   her for coffee. She was   38  . In order not to appear rude, she went   39  .

As they sat in a nice   40   shop, he was too nervous to say anything and she felt   41  .

Suddenly, he asked the waiter, “Could you please give me some   42  ? I’d like to put it in my coffee.”

They stared at him. He turned red; but when the salt came, he put it in his coffee and drank.   43  , she asked. “Why salt with coffee?” He explained, “When I was a little boy, I lived near the sea, I liked playing on the sea… I could   44   its taste salty, like salty coffee. Now every time I drink it, I   45   my childhood and my hometown. I miss   46   and my parents, who are still there.”

She was   47   touched. A man who can admit that he’s homesick must love his home and care about his family. He must be   48  .

So they dated,   49   and lived happily together. And every time she made coffee for him, she would put in some salt, the way he liked it.

After 40 years, he   50   and left her a letter which said:

My dearest, please   51   my life-long lie. Remember the first time we dated? I was so nervous that I asked for salt   52   sugar.

Sweetheart, I don’t exactly like salty coffee. But as it mattered so   53   to you, I’ve   54 

to enjoy it. Having you with me was my greatest happiness. If I could live a second time, I hope we can be together again,   55  , it means that I have to drink salty coffee for the rest of my life.

36.  A. before                   B. beyond                C. after                      D. near

37.  A. invited                  B. paid                     C. forced                    D. asked

38.  A. interested              B. frightened            C. moved                   D. surprised

39.  A. away                     B. along                   C. over                       D. down

40.  A. coffee                   B. tea                       C. beer                       D. wine

41.  A. comfortable           B. different              C. uncomfortable        D. indifferent

42.  A. sugar                    B. pepper                 C. candy                     D. salt

43.  A. Angry                   B. Curious                C. Anxious                 D. Happy

44.  A. feel                       B. see                      C. notice                    D. find

45.  A. think over             B. bring up               C. think of                  D. remind of

46.  A. this                       B. it                         C. him                       D. her

47.  A. highly                   B. specially              C. hardly                    D. deeply

48.  A. responsible            B. reasonable            C. sensible                  D. representative

49.  A. married                 B. engaged               C. separated                D. split

50.  A. walked away          B. left away              C. passed away            D. got away

51.  A. forget                   B. forgive                C. apologize               D. value

52.  A. instead                  B. instead of             C. in spite of               D. regardless of

53.  A. many                    B. more                   C. any                        D. much

54.  A. studied                  B. learnt                   C. adapted                  D. used

55.  A. however                B. as it                     C. when                     D. even if

第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

How clever are you? How do we measure intelligence? Where did your intelligence come from? Scientists now believe that our genes strongly influence how our brain develops. We inherit our genes from our parents. In other words, we inherit our intelligence from our parents. This does not mean that we cannot do anything to develop ourselves. Each of us must decide how to use our brains and how to develop our skills.

Scientists have studied sets of identical twins(同卵双胞胎). They have found that certain areas of the brain are strongly influenced by our parents, and that these areas influence intelligence. Identical twins have almost identical brains. When they did tests, scientists found that identical twins had very similar scores in test with numbers, words, shapes and memory, This was not true with non-identical twins, or brothers and sister; they had great differences in their test scores.

However, our success as adults is not simply a matter of how clever we are. Our ability to work with other people is also important. In addition, our determination, confidence and our courage also play important parts. We may inherit our intelligence from our parents but we must decide how to live our own lives. We cannot blame our parents!

There is one area where our parents can help us. When we are children, they can provide us with a stimulating(起激励作用的)environment in which to live. This will help to develop our brains and develop our confidence. If parents encourage their children to listen to music, to play a musical instrument, to play with puzzles, to draw pictures and to read books, then their children are likely to become more intelligent. Remember that when you become a parent!

56.  What idea does the writer mainly want to express in this passage? __________

A. Genes decide how a child will develop in the future.

B. We can do something to change genes we inherit from our parents .

C. Genes play an important but not a key part in how a person develop in his life.

D. Using our brains can improve our genes quite a lot.

57.  The underlined word “inherit” in the first paragraph means to “__________”.

A. have qualities, physical features, etc. that are similar to those of your parents.

B. change or be different according to the situation one faces

C. have better quality, physical feature, etc. than that of your parents

D. prevent you having the same character or appearance as your parents

58.  In the writer’s opinion, _________.

A. a successful person should be social instead of being clever

B. intelligence is not important for a person’s growing

C. parents should offer more activities to help their children develop

D. children should be taught in the same way their parents were taught

B

Never go into a supermarket hungry! This is a good piece of advice. If you go shopping for food before lunchtime, you’ll probably buy more than you plan to. Unfortunately, however, just this advice isn’t enough for consumers these days. Modern shoppers need an education in how and how not to buy things at the store. First, you check the weekly newspaper ads. Find out the items that are on sale and decide if you really need these things. In other words, don’t buy anything just because it’s cheaper than usual! “New and Improved!” or “All Natural” on the front of a package influence you. Instead, read the list of ingredients(contents) on the back. Third, compare prices: that is, you should examine the prices of both different brands and different sizes of the same brand.

Another suggestion for consumers is to buy ordinary items instead of famous brands. Ordinary items in supermarkets come in plain packages. These products are cheaper because producers don’t spend much money on packing or advertising. The quality, however, is usually as good as the quality of well-known name brands. In the same way, in buying clothes, you can often find high quality and low prices in brands that are not famous. Shopping in discount clothing stores can help you save a lot of money. Although these stores aren’t very attractive, and they usually do not have individual dressing rooms, not only are the prices low, but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores.

Wise consumers read magazine ads and watch TV commercials, but they do this with one advantage: knowledge of the psychology behind the ads. In other words, well-informed consumers watch for information and check for misinformation. They ask themselves questions: Is the advertiser hiding something in small print at the bottom of the page? Is there any real information in the commercial, or is the advertiser simply showing an attractive image? With the answers to these questions, consumers can make a wise choice.

59.  All the following statements are true about the phrase “ordinary items” in Paragraph 2 EXCEPT __________.

A. ordinary items never say “New and Improved” or “All Natural”

B. ordinary products are usually cheaper than famous brands

C. producers spend less money on packaging of ordinary items

D. the quality of ordinary items is usually as good as that of famous brands

60.  What does the writer think about ads? __________

A. They are believable.                        B. They are attractive.

C. They are full of misinformation.           D. They are helpful to consumers.

61.  One of the author’s suggestions to consumers is __________.

A. to make use of ads             

B. not to buy items with words like “New and Improved” or “All Natural”

C. to buy high quality items such as famous brands after lunch

D. to buy any ordinary items instead of famous brands

62.  The author implies that __________.

A. going into the supermarket hungry, you may buy more than you plan to

B. the quality of ordinary items is usually high and the prices are relatively low

C. discount clothing stores are good places to go to      

D. ads sometimes don’t tell the truth

C

A letter to Edward, a columnist (报刊专栏作家)

Dear Mr. Expert:

I grew up in an unhappy and abusive (漫骂的) home. I always promised myself that I’d get out as soon as possible. Now, at age 20, I have a good job and a nice house, and I’m really proud of the independence I’ve achieved.

Here’s the problem: several of my friends who still live with their parents wish they had places like mine ― so much so that they make mine theirs.

It started out with a couple of them spending the weekends with me. But now they seem to take it for granted that they can show up any time they like. They bring boyfriends over, talk on the phone and stay out forever.

I enjoy having my friends here sometimes ― it makes the place feel comfortable and warm ― but this is my home, not a party house. I was old enough to move out on my own, so why can’t I seem to ask my friends to respect my privacy?

Joan

Edward’s reply to Joan

Dear Joan:

If your family didn’t pay attention to your needs when you were a child, you probably have trouble letting others know your needs now.

And if you’ve gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere, you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of conflict you grew up with ― or destroy the nice atmosphere you now enjoy. You need to understand that in true friendship it’s okay to put your own needs first from time to time.

Be clear about the message you want to send. For example, “I really love your company but I also need some privacy. So please call before you come over.”

63.  We can learn from the first letter that Joan ________.

A. lives away from her parents                   B. takes pride in her friends

C. knows Mr. Expert quite well                  D. hates her parents very much

64.  We can infer from the first letter that ________.

A. Joan considers her friends more important than her privacy

B. Joan’s friends visit her more often than she can accept

C. Joan doesn’t like the parties at all

D. Joan dislikes the boyfriends her friends bring over

65.  According to Mr. Edward, why can’t Joan tell her friends her feelings? __________

A. She is afraid of hurting her friends.       

B. She does not understand true friendship.

C. Her family experience stops her from doing so. 

D. She does not put her needs first.

66.  The underlined word “conflict” in the second letter means________.

A. dependent life                                       B. fierce fight 

C. bad manners                                        D. painful feeling

67.  The second letter suggests that Mr. Edward ________.

A. is worried about Joan’s problem             B. warns Joan not to quarrel with her friends

C. advises Joan on how to refuse people      D. encourages Joan to be brave enough

D

“The Lord of the Rings”, one of the best sellers in the new millennium (千年), was made up of three parts ―― “The Fellowship of the Ring”, “Two Towers”, and “The Return of the King”. Millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25 different languages, but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative masterwork.

       John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born in South Africa in 1892. His parents died when he was a child. Living in England with his aunt, Tolkien and his cousins made up play languages, a hobby that led to Tolkien’s becoming skilled in Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Anglo-Saxon.

       After graduating from Oxford, Tolkien served in World War I. In 1917, while recovering from trench fever, he began composing the mythology (神话) for The Rings. As a professor of Anglo-Saxon in 1930s at Oxford, Tolkien was part of an informal discussion group called the Inklings, which included several writers. The group was soon listening to chapters of Tolkien’s imaginative work “The Hobbit”.

       Hobbit was a name Tolkien created for a local people that could best be described as half-sized members of the English rural (乡村的) class. Hobbits live in hillside holes. One of them, Bilbo Baggins, looks for treasures with a group of dwarves (侏儒). On the way, he meets the twisted, pitiful creature Gollum, from whom he sees a golden ring that makes the holder invisible.

       One of Tolkien’s students persuaded her employer, publisher Allen & Unwin, to look at a draft (草稿). The chairman of the firm, Stanley Unwin, thought that the best judge for a children’s book would be his ten-year-old son. The boy earned a shilling for reporting back that the adventure was exciting, and “The Hobbit” was published in 1937.

       It sold so well that Unwin asked for a continuation. Over a dozen years later, in 1954, Tolkien produced “The Lord of the Rings”, a series of books so creative that they hold readers ― new and old ― after their publication.

68.  What is mainly discussed in the text? __________

A. “The Lord of the Rings” and its writer.

B. A completely new masterwork in the new millennium.

C. A famous professor at Oxford University.

D. The power of the magic ring.

69.  What can we learn from the text? __________

A. “The Lord of the Rings” didn’t sell well in the last millennium.

B. People know better about Tolkien himself than about his works.

C. Tolkien was quite familiar with Old English.

D. Tolkien knew very well about different kinds of local languages in Africa.

70.  What can we learn about “Hobbit” that Tolkien created in his works? __________

A. Hobbit was a race living in English downtown areas.

B. Hobbit was a local people who were very tall and strong.

C. Hobbit was a social group of people who lived in old castles.

D. Hobbit was a group of people who were mostly dwarves.

71.  Which of the following helped most in making “The Hobbit” published? __________

A. One of Tolkien’s students.                      B. Stanley Unwin’s son.

C. Allen & Unwin.                                    D. Bilbo Baggins.

72.  Which of the following shows the right order of Mr. J.R.R.Tolkien’s life experience? _________

a. He had his “The Hobbit” published.

b. He became a member of the Inklings.

c. He served in World WarⅠ.

d. He became an undergraduate at Oxford.

e. His work “The Lord of the Rings” came to the world.

f. He moved to England to live with his aunt.

A. f-d-b-c-a-e            B. f-d-c-b-a-e           C. f-c-d-b-e-a             D. d-f-c-a-b-e

E

It is sometimes said that the English are polite people. This can make life difficult for foreigners. Suppose a foreign boy asks an English girl to go out with him and she says, “If I finish my work, I’ll meet you in the cafe at 7 o’clock.” Is she saying “yes” or “no” to his invitation?

    In grammatical terms, she is using the conditional structure (表示条件的句式). By using the conditional, speakers of English can avoid giving a “yes” or “no” answer to a question. It enables people to be diplomatic (婉转的). If the girl doesn’t want to go out with the boy, she won’t turn up at the cafe. She will let him understand she is still working. If she wants to go out with him, but doesn’t want to appear too easy to catch, she has achieved that with her reply. But in this case, as she uses the first conditional which shows probability, she is quite likely to turn up at the cafe. Being polite can make life very difficult!

    The conditional is often used by people in the news -- politicians, for example -- who wish to avoid speaking out their ideas. This is very important if they are on their way to discuss an agreement. No one wants to give away his or her points before he or she starts. A government spokesman might say to a group of workers, “If we could pay you more, we would.” The use of the conditional here makes room for argument although the speaker is using the second conditional form, which shows improbability. So it is unlikely the workers will get their rise.

    “If ” is a small word, which appears often in the English language. It can show politeness, reported speech and conditionals such as the First -- probability -- if I can come to your party, I will; the Second -- improbability -- if I saw you tomorrow, I’d give you the book; and the Third -- impossibility (meaning it is too late to change something that has happened ) -- if you have told me, I would have helped you.

73.  The using of the conditional can make a speech _________.

A. clearer                  B. quicker                C. more polite             D. more exciting

74.  Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? __________

A. Language used in the news should make room to argue.

B. Usually English girls are not easy to catch.

C. English people never speak out their ideas in public.

D. The word “ if ” can show different meanings.

75.  In the passage, “If we could pay you more, we would.” probably means __________.

A. the workers will make more money        B. the spokesman doesn’t give any promise

C. the spokesman keeps his word                D. the workers’ problems aren’t difficult

 

 

 

6ec8aac122bd4f6e西南师大附中2008―2009学年度下期期中考试

高二英语试题

听力:

18.________________            19.________________                 20.________________

第二卷(共35分)

第四部分:写作(共两节,满分35分)

第一节:短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

   对标有题号的每一行作出判断,每行只有一个错误,按下列情况改正:

   此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。

   此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

   此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。       

I have read the advertisement in the today’s newspaper. I am            76.____________                                                              

quite delighting at the news that the International Traveling Festival        77.____________

will be start soon by our city government. With a good number of           78.____________

foreign guests coming, it is a great need for volunteers. My name is        79.____________

Li Hua. Been an 18 year-old boy, I am now studying in a senior              80.____________

school. And I’d like be a volunteer for the Traveling Festival. I like        81.____________                                                              

English very much. I like making friend and being ready to help.            82.____________

I believe it is very suitable with me to take such a job. I can work           83.____________

like an interpreter for the festival. From the bottom of my heart, I hope   84.____________

that our Traveling Festival will be a great successful. Thanks.                 85.____________

第二节:书面表达(满分25分)

目前,一些学校校园内部浪费现象严重。为此,你班要组织一次“杜绝浪费,提倡节约”的主题班会,请你写一份英语演讲稿,准备在班会上发言。提示内容如下:

浪费现象

1.水、电; 2.食物;  3.纸张、书本。

造成的危害

1.浪费资源;  2.浪费金钱;   3.养成坏习惯。

呼  吁

……

注意:1.词数100~120个。

2.演讲的开头和结尾已写好,不计入总词数。

Boys and girls,

May I have your attention, please? Now I’d like to make a speech here.                  

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

That’s all, thank you.

(命题人:邓  静       审题人:袁  甜)

 

西南师大附中2008―2009学年度下期期中考试

试题详情

西南师大附中2008―2009学年度下期期中考试

高二生物试题

(总分:120分   考试时间:100分钟)

试题详情

西南师大附中2008―2009学年度下期期中考试

高二物理试题

(总分:150分     考试时间:120分钟)

试题详情

西南师大附中2008―2009学年度下期期中考试

高二数学试题(理科)

 

(总分:150分     考试时间:120分钟)

试题详情

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