0  593  601  607  611  617  619  623  629  631  637  643  647  649  653  659  661  667  671  673  677  679  683  685  687  688  689  691  692  693  695  697  701  703  707  709  713  719  721  727  731  733  737  743  749  751  757  761  763  769  773  779  787  3002 

湖北省武汉市教科院2009届高三第一次调考化学试题

第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共40分)

注意事项:

    1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用2B铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需修改,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,答在试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

可能用到的相对原子质量:H ? 1   C ? 12  N ? 14  O ? 16  Mg ? 24  Ca ? 40

试题详情

2008高考化学试题分类解析

化学用语及其规律

1.(08上海卷)化学科学需要借助化学专用语言来描述,下列有关化学用语正确的是(    )

解析:CO2的中的C最外层上只有4个电子正确的电子式为:         。

答案:B  

2.(08上海卷)下列化学式既能表示物质的组成,又能表示物质的一个分子的是(    )

A.NaOH              B.SiO2                    C.Fe                     D.C3H8

解析:NaOH是离子晶体,SiO2是原子晶体,Fe为金属晶体,它们均只表示物质的组成,不能表示物质的一个分子。

答案:D  

3.(08上海卷)下列关于化学学习和研究的说法错误的是(   )

A.化学模型有助于解释一些化学现象

B.质量守恒定律是大量实验事实的总结

C.化学家提出的假设都能被实验证实

D.化学基本原理的应用是有一定条件的

解析:化学家提出的假设只要是正确的,随着科学的发展可能被实验证实,也可能不能证实。

答案:C  

4.(08广东卷)某合作学习小组讨论辨析以下说法:①粗盐和酸雨都是混合物;②沼气和水蒸气都是可再生能源;③冰和干冰既是纯净物又是化合物;④不锈钢和目前流通的硬币都是合金;⑤盐酸和食醋既是化合物又是酸;⑥纯碱和熟石灰都是碱;⑦豆浆和雾都是胶体。上述说法正确的是(   )

A.①②③④           B.①②⑤⑥

C.③⑤⑥⑦          D.①③④⑦

解析:1.显然正确;2.沼气属于↑↑可再生资源。水煤气由炽热的煤同水 

蒸气反应制得,而煤为不再生资源,所以水煤气为不可再生资源,故 

错误; 3.冰为固态水,干冰为固态CO2,均为纯净物和化合物,正确; 4.显然正确。 5.盐酸和食醋为混合物,不是化合物,错误; 6.纯碱为Na2CO3不是碱,错误; 7.豆浆和雾都能发生丁达尔现象,均属于胶体,正确。综上所述,选D。

答案:D

5.(08江苏卷)下列现象或事实可用同一原理解释的是(   )

A.浓硫酸和浓盐酸长期暴露在空气中浓度降低

B.氯水和活性炭使红墨水褪色

C.漂白粉和水玻璃长期暴露在变质

D.乙炔和乙烯使溴的四氯化炭溶液褪色

解析:选项A中浓硫酸的浓度下降,是由于浓硫酸具有吸水性,而盐酸浓度的下降是由于浓盐酸具有挥发性;选项B中氯水使红墨水褪色,是由于氯水中含有HClO,HClO具有氧化性,破坏有色物质的结构,而活性炭使红墨水褪色,是由于活性炭具有吸附性,将红墨水吸附在活性炭的表面;选项C中漂白粉和水玻璃均与空气中的CO2和H2O反应,但漂白粉反应生成CaCO3和HClO,HClO分解生成HCl和O2;选项D中乙烯、乙炔使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色,乙烯和乙炔与Br2发生了加成反应,它们的原理相同。

答案:D。

1.(08江苏卷)研究反应物的化学计量数与产物之间的关系时,使用类似数轴的方法可以收到的直观形象的效果。下列表达不正确的是(    )

A.密闭容器中CuO和C高温反应的气体产物:

B.Fe在Cl2中的燃烧产物:

C.AlCl3溶液中滴加NaOH后铝的存在形式:

D.氨水与SO2反应后溶液中的铵盐:

解析:Fe在Cl2中燃烧的产物与Fe和Cl2的用量无关,其产物只有FeCl3

答案:B。

2.(08山东卷)下列由事实得出的结论错误的是(    )

A.维勒用无机物合成了尿素,突破了无机物与有机物的界限

B.门捷列夫在前人工作的基础上发现了元素周期律,表明科学研究既要继承又要创新

C.C60是英国和美国化学家共同发现的,体现了国际科技合作的重要性

D.科恩和波普尔因理论化学方面的贡献获诺贝尔化学奖,意味着化学已成为以理论研究为主的学科

解析:化学是一门以实验为基础的学科。

答案:D。

3.(08广东卷)在下列变化过程中,只发生物理变化的是(   )

A.荔枝酿酒                                          B.酸雨侵蚀建筑物

C.空气液化制取氮气                            D.生石灰遇水成为熟石灰

解析:选项A中发生的化学反应为C6H12O62CH3CH2OH+2CO2↑;选项B中酸雨中的主要成分之一为H2SO4,H2SO4能与许多建筑材料发生反应,如:钢铁等;选项C中空气通过液化,然后通过蒸发收集-195.8℃左右的物质即可得到N2,整过过程中无新的物质产生,只是物质状态的改变;选项D中发生的化学反应为:CaO+H2O===Ca(OH)2

答案:C 

4.(08广东卷)下列化学用语正确的是(   )

A.Na2O2中氧元素的化合价是-2        B.乙醇的分子式:CH3CH2OH

 

    

 

解析:选项A中Na2O2中的氧元素为-1价;选项B中乙醇的分子式为C2H6O,题中的CH3CH2OH为乙醇的结构简式;选项C中结构示意图中的圆圈表示的是原子核,在圆圈内应标明核电荷数,而不是写元素符号。

答案:D

5.(08广东卷)根据陈述的知识,类推得出的结论正确的是(   )

A.镁条在空气中燃烧生成的氧化物是MgO,则钠在空气中燃烧生成的氧化物是Na2O

B.乙烯可使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色,则丙烯也可以使其褪色

C.CO2与SiO2化学式相似,则CO2与SiO2的物理性质也相似

D.金刚石的硬度大,则C60的硬度也大

解析:选项A中Na在空气中燃烧生成的是Na2O2;选项C中CO2为分子晶体而SiO2为原子晶体,所以它们的物理性质不同;选项D中金刚石是原子晶体,C60为分子晶体,所以C60的硬度小。

答案:B 

6.(08北京卷)下列叙述正确的是(   )

A.金属与盐溶液反应都是置换反应

B.阴离子都只有还原性

C.与强酸、强碱都反应的物质只有两性氧化物或两性氢氧化物

D.分子晶体中都存在范德瓦尔斯力,可能不存在共价键

 

试题详情

武昌区2008届高三年级调研考试

理科综合试题卷

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卷一并交回.

第Ⅰ卷

注意事项:

1.答第Ⅰ卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考试科目涂写在答题卷上.

2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号.不能答在试题卷上.

3.本卷共21小题,每小题6分,共126分.

可能用到的相对原子质量:

H-1  N-14  O-16  S-32  Br-80  Na-23  K-39  Cu-64

试题详情

湖北省百所重点中学

2009 届 高 三 联 合 考 试

政 治 试 题

考生注意:

1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,共100分。考试时间90分钟。

2.请将各卷答案填在答题卡上。

3.本试卷主要考试内容:高一占60%,高三占40%。

 

第Ⅰ卷(选择题  共50分)

试题详情

湖北省百所重点中学

2009 届 高 三 联 合 考 试

历 史 试 题

考生注意:

1.本试卷分笫1卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共100分。考试时间90分钟。

2.请将各卷答案填在答题卡上。

3.本试卷主要考试内容:《中国古代史》,《中国近代现代史》上册。

 

第1卷  (选择题共50分)

试题详情

湖北省百所重点中学

2009 届 高 三 联 合 考 试

数学试题(文科)

 

考生注意:

1.本试卷共150分,考试时间120分钟。

2.请将各题答案填在试卷后面的答题卷上。

3.本试卷主要考试内容:集合与简易逻辑、函数、数列(约占70%),排列、组合、二项式定理、概率、以及选修II的概率与统计、极限、数学归纳法、导数、复数(约占30%)。

试题详情

湖北省百所重点中学2009 届 高 三 联 合 考 试

英 语 试 题

注意事项:

1. 本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。

2. 请将各卷答案填在答题卡上。

3. 本试卷主要考试内容,高一 ― 高三 Unit 10

第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)

第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will probably happen to the woman?

       A. Miss her flight.                B. Catch her flight.               C. Cancel her flight.

2. Where is the dialogue taking place?

       A. In the classroom.             B. In front of a computer      C. At the doctor’s.

3. What do we know from the conversation?

       A. Joe Smith has been ill.

       B. Joe’s wife is going to New York.

       C. The man met Joe Smith on the street yesterday.

4. Who wants to borrow the camera?

       A. John.                              B. Alice.                              C. Jane.

5. When will the meeting be held?

       A. At 2 pm tomorrow.          B. At 3 pm today.                 C. At 3 pm tomorrow.

第二节 (共15小题;每题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6. Who is probably the man?

       A. A guide.                          B. A houseman.                    C. A police officer.

7. What happened to the woman?

       A. Her leg was broken.         B. Her money was stolen.      C. Her briefcase was gone.

听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。

8. What is the woman going to buy?

       A. Some beautiful fish.         B. A small bottle.                 C. A few rocks.

9. What does the man advise the woman to do?

       A. Keep the fish in a bottle.

       B. Get a tank to keep the fish.

       C. Make some holes in the rocks.

10. Why should a few rocks be put into the tank?

       A. To let the fish swim around.

       B. To make the tank prettier.

       C. To keep the water clean.

听第8段材料,回答第11―13题。

11. Why does the woman want to leave her former job?

       A. She doesn’t like full-time jobs.

       B. She needs more time for study.

       C. She is not satisfied with the pay.

12. When is help needed in the restaurant?

       A. Only on weekdays.           B. Only at weekends.            C. Late in the week.

13. What is the result of the conversation?

       A. The woman got the job.

       B. The woman didn’t get the job.

       C. The man asked the woman to wait for his call.

听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。

14. What blouse does the woman want first?

       A. A blue cotton one.            B. A blue silk one.                C. A cream silk one.

15. Why doesn’t the woman take the blouse first mentioned?

       A. The size is not suitable.

       B. It’s sold out.

       C. It’s not of good quality.

16. What does the woman think of the cream silk blouse recommended?

       A. She thinks it’s pretty and not expensive.

       B. She thinks it’s pretty but expensive.

       C. She thinks it’s expensive and not pretty.

17. How much should the woman pay for the air tickets?

       A. £45.                             B. £90.                             C. £450.

听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。

18. How long should food be left before a dog?

       A. Until it eats the food.

       B. Not more than thirty minutes.

       C. More than thirty minutes.

19. What kind of dog needs to run for exercise?

       A. A young one.                   B. A small one.                    C. A big one.

20. Which point was NOT mentioned as important for good care of a dog?

       A. Going to the clinic.          B. A clean environment.        C. Proper feeding.

第二部分:英语语言知识运用(共三节, 满分55分)

第一节:单项填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

21. ―Jack, what do you think of the event which not only promoted        of world hunger, but raised a lot of money to help these poor children?

―That’s great.

       A. contribution          B. direction               C. awareness             D. loneliness

22. At first           it looked like a simple accident, but later the police became doubtful.

       A. sight                    B. view                     C. look                     D. glimpse

82615205

       A. covers                  B. writes                   C. prints                   D. reads

24. If your race car isn’t insured, you may       losing everything when it hits something solid.

       A. delay                    B. deny                     C. avoid                    D. risk

25. The coach asked his staff to           the large group of journalists waiting for him to announce his training plans.

       A. adapt to                B. attend to               C. refer to                 D. appeal to

26. London, the city that will host the 2012 Summer Games,           an eight-minute show featuring football star David Beckham.

       A. rely on                 B. put on                  C. concentrate on       D. feed on

27. Some miners were trapped when the local mine was flooded, but luckily, 400 kilograms of milk

           to them during the rescue.

       A. got through           B. brought down        C. gave away             D. gave out

28. Credit cards give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, and even abroad, and they make many banking services           as well.

       A. sustainable            B. available               C. reliable                 D. valuable

29. Although the country has had political independence for over a century,           it needs the support of its neighbors.

       A. naturally               B. economically         C. especially              D. luckily

30. The superstar can be very sad           , though in public he is extremely cheerful.

       A. by chance             B. in person              C. in private              D. as individual

第二节 完成句子(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下列各小题,根据括号内的汉语提示,用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。

31. ―Tom, your hair is too long. Go to the barber’s and          (把头发剪短).(cut)

―OK, Mum. I’ll do it after school.

32. Never          (他到过)any other city in China except Beijing. (be)

33.           (最著名的两所大学)in Britain are Oxford University and Cambridge University.(famous)

34. How I wish          (我没有浪费)so much time playing computer games when I should have studied. (waste)

35. The factory          (他曾经工作过的)is in danger of closing down because of poor management. (work)

36. I hate being away from my parents, so I can’t decide          (是否要去日本工作).(whether)

37. Road accidents have become much fewer in the past few years. The government must

          (采取了有效措施).(take)

38. To avoid          (烫伤), you have to be careful enough when you are cooking. (burn)

39. I can hardly fall asleep because of the loud noise outside. A new shopping center       (正在建设)nearby. (build)

40. The student wasn’t paying attention in class,          (眼睛盯着)the tree in front of the classroom. (fix)

第二节 完型填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从41―60各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

An earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct. 8, 2005. It took some 75,000 lives,   41  130,000 and left nearly 3.5 million without food, jobs or homes.  42  overnight, scores of tent villages went up across the   43  with the help of international aid   44  , military personnel(人员)and aid groups working day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set  45  .

Mercifully, the season was mild. But with the  46  of spring, the survivors will be moved again. Camps that  47  health care, food and shelter for 150,000 survivors have begun to close as they were   48  intended to be permanent.

For most of the survivors, the thought of going back brings  49  emotions. The past six months have been difficult. Families of   50  many as 10 people have had to shelter in a single   51  and share cook stoves and bathing  52  with neighbors. “They are looking forward to the clean water of their rivers,” officials say. “They are   53  of free fresh fruit. They want to get back to their fields and start   54  again.” But most will be returning to   55  but piles of ruins. In many villages, electrical  56  have not been repaired, nor have roads. Aid workers   57  that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake  58  away. And for the thousands of survivors, the   59  will never be complete.

Yet the survivors have to start somewhere. New homes can  be   60  from the stones, bricks and beams(梁)of old ones. Spring is coming and it is a good time to start again.

41. A. injured                   B. ruined                  C. destroyed              D. damaged

42. A. Altogether              B. Almost                 C. Scarcely               D. Surely

43. A. position                  B. construction          C. location                D. region

44. A. ranks                     B. equipment             C. organizations         D. arms

45. A. out                        B. in                         C. up                        D. off

46. A. falling                    B. leaving                 C. coming                 D. appearing

47. A. strengthened           B. aided                    C. transferred            D. provided

48. A. never                     B. once                     C. ever                     D. yet

49. A. puzzled                  B. disappointed          C. doubled                D. mixed

50. A. like                        B. as                         C. so                        D. too

51. A.     room                 B. bed                      C. tent                      D. umbrella

52. A. facilities                 B. instruments           C. tools                     D. furniture

53. A. seeking                  B. dreaming              C. longing                 D. searching

54. A. producing               B. harvesting             C. farming                D. living

55. A. anything                 B. something             C. everything            D. nothing

56. A. lines                      B. channels               C. paths                    D. currents

57. A. account                  B. measure                C. think                    D. guarantee

58. A. went                      B. took                     C. gave                     D. put

59. A. reform                   B. recreation             C. replacement          D. recovery

60. A. built                      B. pulled                   C. surrounded            D. removed

第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题,每题2分,满分40分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

A

A federal judge sentenced Bruce Jones to 12 years in federal prison for fraud(诈骗罪). Over a 10-year period, Jones had managed to cheat thousands of people throughout the state out of almost $10 million.

He advertised his fantastic ideas on TV. “For some reason,” Jones said, “TV seems to break the ice. Even though you are a total stranger to the viewer, once he sees you on TV in his home, he feels like he knows you. You enter his living room and become a trusted friend.”

Jones had an imagination that wouldn’t quit. One time he showed viewers an “official government” earthquake report which “proved” that the western half of California would collapse into the sea within three years. For $100, he said, Jones would insure(承保) your house and property for full value. Thousands of people who saw that TV ad sent him a hundred dollars each.

In another TV ad, Jones claimed that he had come to an agreement with the federal and state government for exclusive(独享的)air rights. He told viewers that, for only $100, they could own the first 10 miles above all their property. You would be able to charge any commercial plane that flew over your property $100 per crossing. You would also be able to charge government rockets, satellites, space shuttles, and space stations $100 for each and every violation of your air rights.

Another time, Jones claimed to have invented a product that gets rid of calories. He showed the viewers a spray can of “NoCal.” He said that by simply spraying NoCal on your food, a chemical interaction would cause all the calories in the food to simply disappear within about 10 seconds. The NoCal was only $10 a can. As usual, Jones received thousands of checks in the mail.

The judge told Jones that he should be ashamed of himself. Jones responded that he was very ashamed of himself, and that when he got out of prison he hoped to become a TV adviser to help people avoid getting cheated. He told the judge that he was already developing an instructional CD that, for merely $100, would save people thousands of dollars in scams(骗局). The judge nodded, and then changed Jones’ sentence from 10 years to 12 years.

61. According to Jones, he could successfully cheat many people mainly because          .

       A. he promised them a large profit

       B. they were too eager to make money

       C. they believed too much in TV ads

       D. he was skillful in communicating with people

62. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

       A. Jones showed unusual imagination in his tricks.

       B. Jones was closely related to the state government.

       C. Western California was in danger of going under the sea.

       D. Jones felt guilty and was determined to lead a new life.

63. We can infer that people who wanted to buy “NoCal” from Jones          .

      A. were mainly from low income families

       B. all had a rich knowledge of chemistry

       C. were probably interested in losing weight

       D. usually did the shopping through the Internet

64. The judge changed the sentence at last because          .

       A. Jones was planning another big scam

       B. he could hardly believe what Jones had told him

       C. Jones had cheated more people than he expected

       D. he had suffered from Jones’ scams himself

B

Icebergs are among nature’s most impressive creations, and yet most people have never seen one. They come into being somewhere in faraway, freezing waters, amid thunderous noise and splashing turbulence(漩涡), which in most cases no one hears or sees. They exist only a short time and then slowly melt away just as unnoticed.

  They have been called objects of complete beauty. Appearing in an endless variety of shapes, they may be dazzlingly white, or they may be glassy blue, green or purple, in light colors or in dark colors. They are graceful, stately, inspiring-in calm, sunlit seas.

But they are also called frightening and dangerous, and that they are-in the night, in the fog, and in storms. Even in clear weather one is wise to stay a safe distance away from them. Most of their main part is hidden below the water, so their underwater parts may extend out far beyond the visible top. Also, they may roll over unexpectedly, stirring the waters around them.

Icebergs are parts of glaciers that break off, drift into the water, float about awhile, and finally melt. Icebergs floating today are made of snows that have fallen over long ages of time. They include snows that drifted down hundreds, or many thousands, or in some cases maybe a million years ago. The snows fell in Polar regions and on cold mountains, where they melted only a little or not at all, and so collected to great depths over the years and centuries.

As each year’s snow accumulation lay on the surface, evaporation and melting caused the snowflakes slowly to become tiny grains of ice. When new snow fell on top of the old, it too turned to icy grains. So blankets of snow and ice grains mounted layer upon layer and were of such great thickness that the weight of the upper layers pressed the lower ones. With time and pressure from above, the many small ice grains joined and changed to larger crystals, and eventually the deeper crystals merged into a solid mass of ice.

65. The underlined word “dazzlingly” in Paragraph 2  probably means “           ”.

       A. brilliantly             B. abundantly            C. beautifully            D. approximately

66. The author states that icebergs are rarely seen because they are           .

       A. broken by waves soon after they are found

       B. hidden under the mountains

       C. located in remote regions of the world

       D. surrounded by fog

67. The underlined phrase “from above” in the last paragraph refers to “           ”.

       A. sunlit seas B. polar regions C. weight of mountains D. layers of ice and snow

68. According to the passage, icebergs are dangerous because they           .

       A. usually melt quickly B. can turn over suddenly

       C. may create large snowdrifts D. may float and hit the ships suddenly

C

me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day I’d be sitting at their table, waiting to be served.

Once I graduated, I took a job at a community newspaper. From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from everyone who called me. I assumed this was the way the professional world worked .

I soon found out differently. I sat several feet away from an advertising sales representative with a similar name. Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would be transferred to Christie. The mistake was immediately evident. Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me.

My job title made people treat me politely. So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry.

It’s no secret that there’s a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and fortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips. The service industry, by definition, exists to satisfy to others’ needs. Still, it seemed that many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant.

I’m now applying to graduated school, which means someday I’ll return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want, I think I’ll take them to dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.

69. The author was disappointed to find that ____   ___.

A. one’s position is used as a standard to measure one’s intelligence

B. talented people like her should fail to get a respectable job

C. one’s occupation affects the way one is treated as a person

D. professionals tend to look down upon manual waitresses

70. What does the author intend to say by the example in the second paragraph?

A. Some customers simply show no respect to those who serve them.

B. People absorbed in a phone conversation tend to be absent-minded.

C. Waitresses are often treated by customers as casual acquaintances.

D. Some customers like to complain because of the waitress’ poor service.

71. How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19?

A. She felt it unfair to be treated as a mere servant by professional.

B. She felt badly hurt when her customers regarded her as a peon.

C. She was embarrassed each time her customers joked with her.

D. She found it natural for professionals to treat her as inferior.

72. The underlined sentence “many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant” in Paragraph 7 means “           ”.

A. those who satisfy others’ needs are sure to be looked down upon.

B. those working in the service industry shouldn’t be treated as servants.

C. those serving others have to put up with rough treatment to earn a living.

D. the majority of customers tend to look on a servant as server nowadays.

D

WASHINGTON(Reuters)-Vast areas of US Pacific Ocean waters could be protected as marine protected areas or monuments, the White House said on Monday, drawing praise from environmental groups.

President George W. Bush started the process by directing the US secretaries of the Interior. Defense and Commerce departments to judge whether certain locations in the Pacific should be designated(指定)as marine protected areas, White House spokesman Tony Fratto said. The areas being considered for protection in the new plan are a group of islands and atolls(环状珊瑚岛)in the remote central Pacific, including the Rose Atoll near American Samoa, and some of the waters around the Northern Mariana Islands in the western Pacific.

The action comes a month after Bush in a symbolic action put an end to a White House ban on offshore drilling closer to home as gas prices rose. Environmental groups said expanded offshore drilling, which would still require congressional approval, would not cut gas costs and could hurt wildlife. Bush established a national monument in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands in 2006, creating the largest marine protected area in the world. Monday’s announcement starts a process that could result in more such protected ocean areas by the end of Bush’s presidency(总统任期)in January.

Joshua Reichert of the Pew Environment Group called the announcement “a hopeful sign for ocean conservation” but said designation as a marine protected area or monument could still permit commercial fishing and deep sea mining.

“However, if the president establishes these new sites as protected areas, where no destructive activity is allowed, it would be one of the most significant environmental achievements of any US president,” Reicehrt said in a statement.

73. What’s the right order of the events according to the passage?

a. Bush ended a White House ban on offshore drilling.

b. Bush set up a national monument in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands.

c. Bush started a process to protect the vast areas of US Pacific Ocean.

d. Bush started his presidency.

       A. d, a, b, c               B. d, b, a, c               C. b, a, c, d               D. a, b, c, d

74. Environmental groups’ attitude toward expanded offshore drilling can be described as “     ”.

       A. negative               B. positive                C. agreeable              D. optimistic

75. It can be inferred from the passage that           .

       A. the areas for protection were considered one month ago

       B. Bush will be the first US president to gain the most significant environmental achievements

       C. Monday’s announcement still requires congressional approval

       D. environmental groups are satisfied with Monday’s announcement

76. From the passage we can know that Joshua Reichert            .

       A. didn’t agree with the announcement

       B. hoped to permit commercial fishing

       C. didn’t trust the announcement at all

       D. still worried about some destructive activities

E

Can computer reason? Reasoning requires the individual to take a given set of facts and draw correct conclusions. Unfortunately, errors frequently occur. Now, or at least soon, computers will be able to do logical reasoning in a variety of areas without making errors. The key to avoiding errors is to use a computer program that relies on the recent research in this field. AURA(Automated Reasoning Assistant) is the program that is the best example of this use of the computer.

AURA solves a program by drawing conclusions from a given set of facts about the problem. The program reaches logical conclusions perfectly as it uses various types of reasoning and solves almost all problems by using advanced techniques to find a contradiction(矛盾).

One generally starts with a set of assumptions and adds a statement that the goal is unreachable. For example, if the problem is to test a safety system that automatically(自动地) shuts down a nuclear reactor when instruments indicate a problem, AURA is told that the system will not shut the reactor down under those circumstances. If AURA finds a contradiction between the statement and the system’s design assumptions, then this aspect of the reactor’s design has been proved satisfactory. This strategy lets AURA concentrate on the problem at hand and avoid many fruitless steps.

The chief use for AURA at this time is for electronic circuit(电路)design check, but a number of other uses will arise. For example, there already exist “expert systems” that are special purpose programs designed to automate reasoning in a specific area such as medical diagnosis. These expert systems continue to improve and have an endless life. Moreover, they can be reproduced just for pennies. A human who can expertly predict where to drill for oil is in great demand. A program that can predict equally well would be invaluable and could be reproduced any number of times.

Will the computer replace the human being? It seems likely that computer programs will reproduce more clever programs, such programs will assist, rather than replace, humans. Reasoning assistants will enable human minds to turn to deeper and far more complex ideas, which will be partially prepared and then checked for reasoning flaws by a reasoning program. Many errors will be avoided.

77. The way AURA works is to            .

A. explore the faults in designing.              

B. discover the viruses in a program.

C. find out what is against the set programs 

D. predict by reasoning.

78. All of the following are mentioned as areas for the use of AURA EXCEPT            .

A. electronic engineering.                          B. search for oil

C. identification of diseases.                       D. mental logic

79. All of the following are advantages of expert programs EXCEPT           .

A. they can be reproduced endlessly            B. they are featured by self analysis.

C. they may be enriched in contents.           D. they are reproduced almost free.

80. What’s the best title for the passage?

A. Practical Uses of computers.                  B. Suggested applications for AURA.

C. The technical perfection of AURA.         D.  Computer aid to human reasoning.

第四部分:书面表达(满分25分)

假设你叫李华,是一名高三学生。你的英国朋友Tom因为工作忙没有看奥运比赛,所以发e-mail向你了解刘翔因脚伤退赛的相关信息。请根据下列要点,用英文给Tom回一封电子邮件。

要点:

1. 2008年8月18日刘翔因脚伤退赛;

2. 你深感惋惜;

3. 表示将继续支持刘翔;

4. 祝愿刘翔早日伤愈,重返赛场。

注意:

1. 词数100左右;

2. 电子邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好(不计你所写词数)。

Dear Tom,

You said in your e-mail that you didn’t watch the Olympic Games because of your busy work and wanted to know something about Liu Xiang’s quitting the men’s 110-meter hurdles…

                                                                                  

Sincerely yours,

Li Hua

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

试题详情

湖北省百所重点中学2009届高三联合考试

地 理 试 题

 

考生注意:   

  1.本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共100分。考试时间90分钟。

  2.请将各卷答案填在答题卡上。

  3.本试卷主要考试内容:高一上册第一、二单元(60%),第三单元(30%),第四单元

(10%)。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题  共50分)

 

试题详情

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网