2008年江苏省金湖中学09届高三测试
历史试卷
2008.9.10
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，满分120分，考试用时100分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写在答题卡上对应题目的答题框内；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在第1卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答案卷的整洁，考试结束后，将答案卷一并收回。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共60分）
镇海中学
2008 学年第一学期期中考试高三年级
英语试卷
第一部分 听力 (共两节。满分30分)
第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In an office. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore.
2. Where did the speakers plan to go?
A. A shopping center. B. An opera house. C. The parking lot.
3. Which aspect of the film does the woman like?
A. The plot. B. The music. C. The dialogue.
4. What do we know about the woman’s jacket?
A. It is sold at a lower price.
B. Its color is her favorite.
C. It is her sister’s size.
5. What does the woman imply?
A. The man is so forgetful.
B. The man is too careless.
C. The man is over confident.
第二节（共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前后，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What makes the man so tired?
A. Playing games.
B. Surfing the Internet.
C. Searching for interesting people.
7. Whom did the man chat with?
A.
People from
B. People in need of his help.
C. People on the same project.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the law forbid people to do?
A. To take dogs to parks.
B. To walk dogs in the streets.
C. To treat dogs cruelly.
9. What do we know from what the woman said?
A. Dogs should be kept at home.
B. Building a dog park is necessary.
C. People would remove the dog waste.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. According to the man, what did he do before he watched TV?
A. He washed his hands.
B. He had his supper.
C. He took a path.
11. What place had the man been to the night before?
12. What does the man try to do in the conversation?
A. To prove the truth. B. To find the truth. C. To hide the truth.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why did the son come back late?
A. He hurt his hands and knees.
B. He went to a pub with Linda.
C. He waited a long time for the bus.
14. What was the old lady doing in the middle of the road?
A. Looking for something.
B. Struggling to sand up.
C. Trying to seek help.
15. What happened to Linda?
A. She was fired. B. She got injured. C. She had an accident.
16. Where was the witness?
A. Outside the pub. B. At a bus stop. C. In his car.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What’s the problem of some of the university students?
A. They don’t spend all their time on studies.
B. They don’t know what to do with their free time.
C. They don’t have choices for outside class activities.
18. How is the students’ high school life?
A. Controlled and busy.
B. Regular and colorful.
C. Active and independent.
19. According to the speaker, what is the role of outside class activities at university?
A. To make students healthier.
B. To improve students’ test scores.
C. To enrich students’ experience.
20. What does the speaker advise his students to do?
A. Learn to enjoy themselves.
B. Learn to be their own masters.
C. Learn to develop their potential.
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
21. _______ person like him won’t be satisfied with _______ little progress that he has made.
A. The; a B. The; / C. A; / D. A; the
22. out of the difficult situation, the restaurant is now making efforts to improve the quality of service.
A. To get B. Got C. Having got D. Getting
23. ―Hadn’t your sheep gone much farther ______ you caught up with them?
―No, and we found ______ only two of them that were frozen to death.
A. when; it were B. until; it were C. before; it was D. as; there was
24. ______ of the land in that district _______ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are
25. His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed quite difficult at first, has _______ many good changes in their lives.
A. resulted from B. brought about C. took place D. got through
26. It is in that poor village, _______ Mary lived and worked 15 years ago, _______ she will build her first school, which inspires everyone to help her.
A. where; when B. that; that C. that; when D. where; that
27. The most exciting thing for him was_____ he finally found two tinned fruits in_____ seemed to him to be a servant's bedroom.
A. that; what B. what; what C. that; that D. what; that
28. -------______ Henry have left already?
-------He ______, for he always has good manners.
A．Must; needn’t have left B．Might; couldn’t have left
C．May; mustn’t have left D．Could; can’t have left
29. I feel sure that _______ qualification, ability and experience, you are abundantly suited to the position we have in mind.
A. regardless of B. in spite of C. in terms of D. by means of
30. ― I saw no more than one motor car in that shop. Will you go and buy _______?
― No, I’d rather find _______ in other shops.
A. one; one B. it; one C. one; it D. it; it
31. The telephone____ four times in the last twenty minutes，and each time it___for my roommate.
A. rang；has been B. has been ringing；is
C. had rung；was D. has rung；was
32. ------I didn’t invite him to the party but he came anyway and got completely drunk.
-------_______ he hadn’t come! The party could have been a success.
A. How come B. If only C. What if D. Only if
33. ------ John, I can' t play tennis at all. I wonder if you could teach me.
-----______. Just name the day.
A. I'm glad B. Go ahead C. If you like it D. With pleasure
34. ----- Are you satisfied with your interview yesterday?
----Oh, not a little．I can’t feel _____.There ____ be a bright future ahead of me.
A. any better; should B. any worse; could
C. any well; shall D. any badly; can
35. With two more professional hands _____ you with the work later on, scarcely will you have trouble _______ your task ahead of time.
A. helping…completing B. help…to complete
C. will help…completed D. to help…completing
第二节 完型填空 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
When I entered
When I took the first exam, I was 38 to find a 77, C-plus, on my test paper, 39 English was my best subject. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained _ 40 .
I decided to try harder, although I didn’t know what that 41 because school had always been easy for me. I read the books more carefully, but got another 77. Again, I 42 with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn’t change his 43 .
One more test before the final exam. One more 44 to improve my grade. So I redoubled my efforts and, for the first time, 45 the meaning of the word “thorough”. But my 46 did no good and everything 47 as before.
The last hurdle (障碍) was the final. No matter what 48 I got, it wouldn’t cancel three C-pluses. I might as well kiss the 49 goodbye.
I stopped working hard. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final, I even 50 myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I’d have 51 with a test.
A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into Professor Jayne’s office. He 52 to be expecting me. “If I gave you the As you 53 , you wouldn’t continue to work as hard.”
I stared at him, 54 that his analysis and strategy were correct. I had worked my head off, as I had never done before.
I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A-plus. It was the only A-plus given. The next year I received my scholarship. I’ve always remembered Professor Jayne’s lesson: you alone must set your own __55__of excellence.
36. A. take B. discuss C. cover D. get
37. A. sought B. presented C. exchanged D. obtained
38. A. shocked B. worried C. scared D. anxious
39. A. but B. so C. for D. or
40. A. unhappy B. unpleasant C. unfriendly D. unmoved
41. A. reflected B. meant C. improved D. affected
42. A. quarreled B. reasoned C. bargained D. chatted
43. A. attitude B. mind C. plan D. view
44. A. choice B. step C. chance D. measure
45. A. memorized B. considered C. accepted D. learned
46. A. ambition B. confidence C. effort D. method
47. A. stayed B. went C. worked D. changed
48. A. grade B. answer C. lesson D. comment
49. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject
51. A. fun B. luck C. problems D. tricks.
52. A. happened B. proved C. pretended D. seemed
53. A. valued B. imagined C. expected D. welcomed
54. A. remembering B. guessing C. supposing D. realizing
55.A. standard B. point C. way D. reason
第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
A
Problem Page
Dear Lifeline,
I shall be getting married in August．My mother wants me to have a white wedding in church, because I am the only daughter, and she wants me to have the kind of wedding that she had．I , on the other hand, would like to have a simple wedding and a small party afterwards for my immediate family and close friends．I don’t want my parents to go to a lot of expense just for one day; I’d rather they spent the money on things that my husband and I will need, that will last us for many years．
Do you agree with me that this is a reasonable point of view? Can you think of a way in which I might persuade my parents to think as I do ?
Yours,
Money-Conscious
Dear Money-Conscious,
We agree that your point of view is reasonable; but reason isn’t everything. Your parents clearly do not mind ‘going to a lot of expense’, as you put it. They would mind more if you prevented them from doing so. There is, in fact, no reason why a white wedding in church should cost a lot of money. Such a wedding can be very simple, yet it can give you the sort of happy memories that your mother has of her own wedding day．
We suggest you meet your mother halfway. Have a simple church wedding and a simple party afterwards. If it means so much to your mother, perhaps you owe it to her to do as she wishes. We are sure that you will not regret it．
Dear lifeline,
I have known my girlfriend for six years. The other day, I asked her to marry me, certain that I knew what the answer would be. But she said she wanted to think about it．
I shall be going on holiday soon, and I hoped she would come with me; but now she says she’d rather go on holiday with a friend of hers. Am I losing her?
Yours,
Deeply Worried
Dear Deeply Worried,
Perhaps you were too certain of your girlfriend. Six years is a long time. Perhaps you have been in each other’s packets for too long. Give yourselves a holiday from each other, and then ask her again on your return. We think you will find that she will give you the answer that you want．
56. It is the purpose of the Problem Page to _____.
A．write letters to lonely, troubled people
B．try to find answers to readers’ problems
C．ask readers to give their answers to problems
D．send questions to readers for their answers
57. “Money-Conscious” would like her parents to _____.
A． go to a lot of expense not to buy what she will need
B． give her and her husband the money instead of a church wedding
C． give her money over a period of years
D． spend the money on useful presents rather than on the wedding
58. “Lifeline” suggests a simple church wedding because ______.
A．this is the least expensive kind of wedding
B．you cannot be reasonable about something like a wedding
C．it can be inexpensive yet provide a lifetime’s memories
D．it is the simplest, yet happiest sort of wedding
59. “Deeply Worried” was worried that ______.
A． he might lose his girl-friend while they were on holiday together
B． his girlfriend was losing interest in him
C． he had known his girl-friend for too long
D． he would have to go away on holiday by himself
B
Which is safer --- staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working at the office? Surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home.
The trouble
with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death
to those living nearby. It is this that chemical accidents so newsworthy.
Fortunately, they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at
Some of these
are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small.
No one died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was
Some experts
have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a
particular danger. Thus the
60. According to the passage, the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at _________.
A.
61. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Working at the office is safer than staying at home.
B. Travelling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office.
C. Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry.
D. Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air.
62. From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of _____.
A. natural gas, which can easily catch fire
B. fertilizer, which can't be stored in a great quantity
C. poisonous substance, which can't be used in overcrowded areas
D. fuel, which is stored in large tanks
63. From the discussion among some experts we may conclude that _____.
A. to avoid any accident we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry
B. the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the
chemical industry
C. all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measures
had been taken
D. natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe
C
Although man has known about asbestos(石棉) for many hundreds of years, it was not until 160 years ago that it was mined for the first time on the North American continent. H. W. Johns, owner of a New York City Supply Shop for roofers, was responsible for the opening of that first mine.
Mr, Jonhs was given a piece of asbestos which had been found in
ordinary
work gloves, he took red-hot coals from the fireplace and played with them in
his hands. How astonished the customers were to discover that he was not burned
at all. You can well imagine that he had increasing business in asbestos
roofing materials. However, because it was very expensive to
transport(carry)them from
Ever since 1881
Scientists do not know why the rock can be separated easily into threads, but they have found thousands of uses for this fireproof material, of the called the “cloth of stone”.
64. The title that best expresses the main idea of this passage is _____.
A. Asbestos
mined in
C. A “Wonder” mineral D. A new roofing material
65. Johns proved his ability as a salesman by ______.
A. going into
the roofing business B.
carrying asbestos from
C. sending a trained scientist D. showing the use of asbestos gloves
66. Which is the most important character of asbestos that the author wants to show
us?
A. It is like thread B. It feels soapy
C. It burns easily D. It is unusually heavy
67. The author’s main purpose in writing this passage was to______.
A. show the need for more scientists B. compare asbestos with other minerals
C. increase the sales of asbestos D. present facts about asbestos
D
Nuclear power's danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be described in one word; radiation. Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected by human senses. It can't be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can't detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can't sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.
At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being outright by killing masses of cells in important organs. But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be significant. This is the case when
only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed outright. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble. They reproduce themselves in an unusual way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.
This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the knowledge of the person at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated(放射治疗) and feel fine, then die of cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak or easy to get serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.
Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.
68. According to the passage, the danger of nuclear power lies in __________.
A. nuclear mystery B. radiation detection
C. radiation level D. nuclear radiation
69. Radiation can lead to serious results even at the lowest level ________.
A. when it kills few cells
B. if it damages few cells
C. though the damaged cells can repair themselves
D. unless the damaged cells can reproduce themselves
70. Radiation can hurt us in the way that it can _____.
A. kill large numbers of cells in main organs so as to cause death immediately
B. damage cells which may grow into cancer years later
C. affect the healthy growth of our younger generation
D. lead to all of the above results
71. Which of the following can be best inferred from the passage?
A. The importance of protection from radiation cannot be overemphasized
B. The mystery about radiation remains unsolved.
C. Cancer is mainly caused by radiation.
D. Radiation can hurt those who do not know about its danger.
E
One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might some day get lost in a “sea of technology” rather than experiencing the natural world．Fear-producing TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors, which will change the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on child’s play.
Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes.“If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment（蚕食）?”asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods.
Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive （认知的） skills. Experts predict modern kids will have poorer health than their parents―and they say a lack of outside play is surely part of it; research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and that play in nature fosters （培养） leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. Even a tiny outdoor experience can create wonder in a child．The three-year-old turning over his first rock realizes he is not alone in the world．A clump of trees on the roadside can be the whole universe in his eyes. We really need to value that more.
Kids are not to blame. They are over-protected and frightened．It is dangerous out there from time to time, but repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite（仪式）of passage.
Everyone, from developers, to schools and outdoorsy citizens, should help regain for our kids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods that cement （增强） love, respect and need for landscape. As parents, we should devote some of our energies to taking our kids into nature. This could yet be our greatest cause.
72. The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that __________.
A．kids missing the sense of wonder outdoors
B．parks are in danger of being gradually encroached
C．Richard Louv is the author of Last Child in the Woods
D．children are expected to develop into protectors of nature
73. According to the passage, children without experiencing nature will _________.
A．keep a high sense of wonder
B．be over-protected by their parents
C．be less healthy both physically and mentally
D．change wild places and creatures for the better
74. According to the author, children’s breaking an arm is ___________.
A．the fault on the part of their parents
B．the natural experience in their growing up
C．the result of their own carelessness in play
D．the effect of their repetitive stress from computers
75. In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to ________.
A．blame children for getting lost in computer games
B．encourage children to protect parks from encroachment
C．show his concern about children’s lack of experience in nature
D．inspire children to keep the sense of wonder about things around
第四部分 写作（共三节，满分35分）
镇海中学 2008 学年第一学期期中考试高三年级英语试卷
答题卷
第一节 、单词拼写 （共10小题。每题0.5分，满分5分）
1. After the big fire, the forest was completely d__________.
2. Some snakes are p __________to human beings.
3. I i_________ the jacket the moment I saw it. It was my brother's.
4. Sorry, the v___________ in the office has been filled.
5. It would be u _____________that such an honest fellow should have betrayed (背叛)his friends!
6. The unemployed engineer wrote a dozen a _____________for jobs but got nothing.
7. Children are usually c _________about everything around them.
8. The police have e _________that the killer was an old woman.
9. Two businessmen have been k__________ by terrorists demanding 1 million.
10. The wind was blowing f_______ and some trees were pulled up by the roots.
第二节、短文改错 （共10小题。每题0.5分，满分5分）
Dear editor,
I graduated this year and wanted to get job. 11.
I thought I would be success, but eventually I failed. 12.
That was why I was so lazy that I didn’t want to 13.
go out. I always blamed for the hot weather. And there’s 14.
another reason nobody know about: I regarded myself as 15.
someone who couldn’t do anything lonely. I often felt less 16.
capable than others. When I found a company was 17.
advertising, I was even afraid to call to ask for detail. 18.
I wanted to make a move, and I was always disappointed. 19.
What should I do? I’m looking forward to receive your reply. 20.
Yours
Walter
第三节 书面表达 （满分25分）
学校网站新开设了一个“英语写作”栏目（column），以便学生发表（post）英语作文，进行交流，提高写作能力。现请你为该栏目写一个英文介绍，内容包括： 1. 开设目的 2. 栏目优势：教师在线（online）指导等
3. 作文要求：内容贴近学生生活 4. 优秀作文的鼓励办法
5. 邀请大家参与
注意： 1. 词数100左右 2.开头语已为你写好（不计入总词数）
Welcome to the column “English Writing”!
答案：
听力
1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.A
11.A 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.B
单项
DACCB DADCB DBDAD
完 型
ABACD BBBCD CBAAC ADCDA
阅读理解
BDCB BDBC CDAD DBDA DCBC
单词
destroyed poisonous identified vacancy unbelievable applications curious evidence kidnapped fiercely
短文改错
11. get后加a 12. success →successful 13. why →because 14.去掉for 15. know →knew 16. lonely→alone 17. √ 18. detail→details
19. and →but 20. receive→receiving
书面表达
One possible version:
Welcome to the column “English Writing”! Recently the school website has set up a new column called “English Writing” which provides the students the chances to post their composition and communicate with each other. Not only can students improve their writing ability in this way, but they can strengthen their self-confidence.
The column has lots of advantages. It’s the teacher’s guide on line that has advantage over the other columns. If necessary, the students can have a direct “ask and answer” with professional teachers. It is required that the composition should be related to the students’ life. What’s more, if it is organized well enough, the writer will be rewarded for it.
Hoping to the students’ participation.
2008学年第一学期期中考查试题
高三化学
考生须知：
1．本卷试题分为第I卷、第II卷，满分100分，考试时间100分钟。
2．本卷答题时不得使用计算器，不得使用修正液（或涂改液）、修正带。
3．答题时将答案均填在答卷相应题号的位置，不按要求答题或答在草稿纸上无效。
4．可能用到的相对原子质量：H
第I卷（选择题，共48分）
全国百所名校2009模拟精华重组文综全国卷
地理冲刺卷（ 九）
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、考号在答题卡上填写清楚，并认真核准条形码上的考号及姓名，在规定的位置上贴好条形码。
2．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案的标号。答在试卷上的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共11小题，每小题4分，共44分。）
我国某中学的地理研究性学习小组对学校所在地区进行了经线和纬度数测定实验。图甲中虚线MPN弧是国庆节那天测杆影子端点的连线，图乙为该地某山脉等高线图。分析回答1―3题。
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1．图甲中能反映了当地的经线和日出时日影的线段分别为
A．OA线、ON线 B．OB线、OM线 C．OM线、OP线 D．OP线、ON线
2．当杆影MPN连线与O点距离刚好处在一年之中的平均值的前后几日的傍晚，学习小组成员观察到图乙中太阳徐徐从鞍部落下,形成“双龙戏珠”的地理奇观，则该山脉应该大致是
A．东西走向 B．东北-西南走向 C．南北走向 D．西北-东南走向
3．学习小组成员发现一年中有一天正午测杆的日影消失，此刻北京时间为12点24分，则该地所处的地形区及在丙图中相对应的曲线为
A．珠江三角洲、AC曲线 B．云贵高原、BC曲线
C．长江三角洲、AD曲线 D．黄土高原、BD曲线
安徽省2009届高三化学各地名校月考试题汇编：
有机化学基础（1）
 |
1．（安徽省潜山县黄铺中学2009届高三化学调研）（7分）有机物A、B、C有如图所示转化关系，A的分子式为
，A可与
的四氯化碳溶液发生加成反应；1 mol A能与
；溶液恰好完全反应。B所含元素种类与 A相同，相对分子质量为46，其中碳的质量分数为52．2％，氢的质量分数为13％。试回答下列问题：（1）A中所含官能团的名称为 。
（2）B的分子式为 ，B的同系物D的相对分子质量为60，则D可能的结构简式为 。
（3）A与B反应生成C的化学方程式为
答案.（1）碳碳双键、羧基（2分）
（2）
（1分）；
、
（2分）
（3）
（2分）
2．（安徽省潜山县黄铺中学2009届高三化学调研）（10分）A、B、C、D、E均为有机化合物，它们之间的关系如图所示(提示：RCH=CHR'
在酸性高锰酸钾溶液中反应生成RCOOH和R'COOH，其中R和R'为烷基)。
回答下列问题：
(1)直链化合物A的相对分子质量小于90，A分子中碳、氢元素的总质量分数为0.814，其余为氧元素，则A的分子式为_____________；
(2)已知B与NaHCO3溶液完全反应，其物质的量之比为1：2，则在浓硫酸的催化下，B与足量的C2H5OH发生反应的化学方程式是____________________________，反应类型为____________________。
(3)A可以与金属钠作用放出氢气，能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色，则A的结构简式是__________________
（4）D有多种类型的同分异构体，其中能发生水解反应的同分异构体还有(不包含D结构简式)_________ _ ___________。
答案（1）C5H10O。（2分）
(2）HOOC―CH2―COOH + 
C2H5OOC―CH2―COOC2H5
+2H2O（2分）；酯化反应（或取代反应）。1分）
(3）HO―CH2―CH2―CH=CH―CH3。（2分）
(4)C H 3CH2 CH2OOCH (C H 3) 2CH OOCH C H 3CH2 COOCH3（3分）
3．（09安徽灵璧中学第二次月考） 断肠草（Gelsemium）为中国古代九大毒药之一，据记载能“见血封喉”，现代查明它是葫蔓藤科植物葫蔓藤，其中的毒素很多，下列是分离出来的四种毒素的结构式，下列推断正确的是
（C）
虎茸草素 异虎耳草素 异佛手相内酯 6-甲氧基白芷素
① ② ③ ④
A．①、②、③与④分别互为同分异构体
B．①、③互为同系物
C．①、②、③、④均能与氢氧化钠溶液反应
D．等物质的量②、④分别在足量氧气中完全燃烧，前者消耗氧气比后者少
4．（09安徽灵璧中学第二次月考）（14分）2008年11月我国质检部门检验出许多免检品牌如“三鹿”、“蒙牛”、“光明”、“伊利”等婴幼儿奶粉中均或多或少含有不可用于食品加工的化学试剂――三聚氰胺！造成许多婴幼儿饮用该类奶粉而得尿路结石病。请回答下列关于三聚氰胺的相关问题：
三聚氰胺最早被李比希于1834年合成，早期合成使用双氰胺法：由电石（CaC2）制备氰胺化钙（CaCN2），氰胺化钙水解后二聚生成双氰胺，再加热分解制备三聚氰胺。
（1）、下列关于德国化学家李比希的说法正确的是 （多选、少选得0分。）
A．首次提出了元素的概念，为近代化学的创始人
B．在实验室中首次利用无机物合成有机物
C．首次创立有机化合物的定量分析方法
D．首次发现元素周期律、制定元素周期表
E．提出原子学说，为近代化学的发展奠定了坚实的基础
F．首先提出“有机化学”和“有机化合物”的概念
（2）、写出电石（CaC2）的电子式 。
（3）、已知三聚氰胺的分子式为C3H6N6，则分子中含N量为 ；奶粉中添加三聚氰胺，可使奶粉中含氮量 （填降低、提高、不变）。
（4）、光谱分析得出三聚氰胺的分子结构中含六元环，无氮氮键，核磁氢光谱分析出仅有一种氢原子，则三聚氰胺的结构简式为 。
（5）、目前因为电石的高成本，双氰胺法已被淘汰。工业合成常由尿素直接在高温高压下制得：配平该化学反应方程式： (NH2)2CO → C3H6N6 + NH3 + CO2
（6）、三聚乙炔、三聚乙醛都是一种重要的化工原料，其结构类似三聚氰胺，为环状结构。分别写出由乙炔、乙醛在加热和催化剂的条件下合成三聚乙炔、三聚乙醛的化学反应方程式（反应条件可不写）
答案：（1）、C
（2）、CaC2电子式 
（3）、66.6％ 提高
（4）、
（5）、6 1 6
3
（6）、
3CH3CHO
5（安徽省灵璧中学09届高三化学第2次月考试卷）（4分）用于2008年奥运会的国家游泳中心（水立方）的建筑采用了膜材料ETFE，它是乙烯-四氟乙烯的共聚物，具有许多优异的性能：
① 具有特有的表面抗粘着的性能；
② 使用寿命至少为25 ~ 35年，是用于永久性多层可移动屋顶结构的理想材料；
③ 达到B1、DIN4102防火等级标准，且不会自燃；
④ 质量很轻，只有同等大小的玻璃质量的1 %；
⑤ 韧性好、抗拉强度高、不易被撕裂，延展性大于400 %；
⑥ 能有效地利用自然光，透光率可高达95 %，同时起到保温隔热的性能，节省能源。
（1）②说明ETFE的化学性质在自然条件下较__________ （填“稳定”或“活泼”）；
（2）上述特点中，属于ETFE的物理性质的有________。（全对2分，有错、少选不给分）
答案.（4分，每空2分）（1）稳定 （2）①④⑤⑥
（全对2分，有错、少选不给分）
6 （2009届安徽省灵璧中学化学第三次月考试题）下列含溴化合物中溴原子在适当条件下都能被羟基(―OH)所取代，所得产物能跟Na2CO3溶液反应并能产生气体的是（ B ）
A、
B、
C、
D、
7. （2009届安徽省灵璧中学化学第三次月考试题）（15分）
置换反应的通式可以表示为：
单质（1）＋化合物（1）＝化合物（2）＋单质（2）
请写出满足以下要求的3个置换反应的化学方程式：
①所涉及的元素的原子序数都小于20；
②6种单质分别属6个不同的主族。
答：
w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
答案. 2Mg+CO2
2MgO+C
其他合理写法也可。
8．（巢湖市?炀中学2008/2009高三第二次月考）在
A．等于
9．（巢湖市?炀中学2008/2009高三第二次月考）2008年北京残奥会吉祥物是 “福牛乐乐”。有一种有机物的键线式也酷似牛形（右图所示），故称为牛式二烯炔醇。下列有关牛式二烯炔醇的说法中正确的是 (
A )
A．化学式为C29H44O，属于不饱和醇
B．分子内所有碳原子都在同一平面
C．能发生加成、消去、取代反应
D．一定条件下羟基能被氧化为醛基
10．（巢湖市?炀中学2008/2009高三第二次月考）（9分）
就下列网上查得的有关三聚氰胺的物理物质资料回答问题：
三聚氰胺性状为纯白色原子晶体。有难闻的气味，密度
|
⑵
H－N－C≡N
(2分) 
推测该物质不具有的化学性质是
12、（安师大附中2009届年高三第一次模拟考试化学）香兰素是重要的香料之一，它可由丁香酚经多步反应合成。有关上述两种化合物的说法正确的是
有机物A、B、C有如图所示转化关系，A的分子式为
酯化（或取代）（1分）
w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
多巴胺结构如右图：
（2分） 
Ⅲ、（两方程式各3分）