北京朝阳区高三二模化学试题及答案       2009.5.8

可能用到的相对原子质量：   H 1   C 12   N 14   O 16   Fe 56

5．下列说法不正确的是

A．变质的油脂有难闻的特殊气味，是因为油脂发生了水解反应

B．用稀双氧水清洗伤口可以杀菌消毒

C．碳酸氢钠可以用来治疗胃酸过多症

D．为减弱温室效应，除了减少CO₂排放外，还可将CO₂转化成其它可燃物质

6．下列反应的离子方程式书写正确的是

A．氯化镁的水解：Mg²⁺ + 2H₂O        Mg (OH)₂↓ + 2H⁺

B. 铁溶于稀硝酸：Fe + 2H^＋＝Fe^2＋+ H₂↑

C．将NaOH溶液滴入过量的Ca(HCO₃)₂溶液中：HCO₃^－+ Ca²⁺ + OH^―= CaCO₃↓+H₂O

D. NaHCO₃溶液与Al₂(SO₄)₃溶液混合：2Al³⁺ +3HCO₃^－＝Al₂(CO₃)₃↓+3H⁺

7． N_A为阿伏加德罗常数，下列叙述中正确的是          

A．0.1 mol PCl₃中形成共价键的电子数是0.3N_A

B．100 mL 1 mol/L NaHSO₄ 溶液中HSO₄^―数是0.1N_A

C．标准状况下，11.2 L CO₂和O₃混合气体中含有的原子数是1.5 N_A

D．17 g H₂O₂完全分解，转移电子数是1N_A

8．下列实验操作正确的是

A．做银镜反应实验后的试管内壁附有银，可用氨水清洗

B．将饱和氯化铁溶液煮沸，可制得氢氧化铁胶体

C．配制一定物质的量浓度的硫酸溶液时，只需使用1次玻璃棒

D．欲从碘水中分离出I₂，可将适量的CCl₄加入碘水中振荡静置分层后分液

9. 下列物质中，既能与NaOH溶液反应，又能与盐酸反应，还能发生水解反应的是

① AlCl₃     ② NaHSO₄   ③ (NH₄)₂CO₃   ④              ⑤ NaHCO₃         

A．① ④ ⑤        B．③ ⑤             C．④ ⑤                D．全部

10．为证明铁的金属活动性比铜强，某同学设计了如下一些方案：

方  案

现象或产物

① 将铁片置于CuSO₄溶液中

铁片上有亮红色物质析出

② 将铁丝和铜丝分别在氯气燃烧

产物分别为FeCl₃和CuCl₂

③ 将铁片和铜片分别放入热浓硫酸中

产物分别为Fe₂(SO₄)₃和CuSO₄

④ 将铜片置于FeCl₃溶液中

铜片逐渐溶解

⑤ 将铁片和铜片置于盛有稀硫酸的烧杯中，并用导线连接

铁片溶解，铜片上有气泡产生

能根据现象或产物证明铁的金属活动性比铜强的方案一共有

   A．2种            B．3种          C．4种            D．5种

11．下列说法或表示方法正确的是

A．反应物的总能量低于生成物的总能量时，该反应一定不能发生

B．在10l kPa、25 ℃时，1 g H₂完全燃烧生成气态水，放出120.9 kJ的热量，则氢气的燃烧热为241.8 kJ/mol

C．已知：2SO₂ (g) + O₂ (g)      2SO₃ (g) ；△H = －98.3 kJ/mol。将1 mol SO₂和0.5 mol O₂充入一密闭容器中反应，放出49.15 kJ 的热量

D．由石墨比金刚石稳定可知：C（金刚石,s）= C(石墨,s) ；△H＜0

12．已知某溶液中只存在OH^―、H⁺、Cl^―、NH₄⁺四种离子，其离子浓度可能有如下关系：

① c(Cl^―)＞c(NH₄⁺)＞c(H⁺)＞c(OH^―)

② c(Cl^―)＞c(NH₄⁺)＞c(OH^―)＞c(H⁺)

③ c(NH₄⁺)＞c(Cl^―)＞c(OH^―)＞c(H⁺)

④ c(NH₄⁺) ＝c(Cl^―)＞c(OH^―)＝c(H⁺)

下列说法正确的是

A．若①正确，则溶液中溶质一定为NH₄Cl

B．若③正确，则溶液中c(NH₃?H₂O) + c(NH₄⁺)＞c(Cl^―)

C．若④正确，且盐酸和氨水体积相等，则盐酸中c(H⁺)等于氨水中c(OH^―)

D．溶质不同时，上述四种关系式均可能成立

25．（15分）有机物A仅含C、H、O三种元素组成，能与小苏打反应产生CO_２，A蒸气对氢气的相对密度是30。

（１）① Ａ分子中官能团的名称是　　　  。

② Ａ与小苏打溶液反应的离子方程式是　　　　　　　。

（２）A可以通过下列变化得到环状化合物D：

①  C→D的化学方程式是                 。

② 已知：

C的一种同系物结构简式是                        ，俗称乳酸，乳酸经过聚合

制得的聚乳酸树脂，可以广泛用于医疗、包装、纺织等行业。 若用丙烯（其他无机试剂任选）为原料合成乳酸，合成过程中涉及到的反应类型依次是             。

（3）在（2）中的B经过以下合成路线可以得到食用香精菠萝酯：

① 下列叙述不正确的是       （填字母代号）。

a．已知B是一种有毒物质，可用氢氧化钠溶液除去菠萝酯中残留的B

b．甲分子中与三个碳原子处于同一平面的原子至少还有三个

c．菠萝酯易溶于水，且能使酸性KMnO₄溶液褪色

   d．菠萝酯在稀硫酸中能稳定存在

② E有多种同分异构体，写出符合下列条件的所有同分异构体的结构简式

                      。

a．分子内含有羧基

b．是芳香族化合物，且不与FeCl₃溶液发生显色反应

c．1 mol物质和足量的金属钠反应产生1 mol氢气

26．（14分）X、Y、Z、W四种物质有如下相互转化关系（其中X、W单质，Y、Z为化合物,未列出反应条件）。

Ⅰ．若Z是生活中常用的调味品，W遇淀粉溶液变蓝，则：

（1）常温下，X的颜色是           。

（2）工业上Z有多种用途，用化学方程式表示Z的一种用途                      。

（3）生活中所用的Z加入了碘酸钾，过量X与Y溶液反应时可以得到一种碘酸盐，此反应的离子方程式是                   。

Ⅱ．若X是工业上用量最大的金属单质，Z是一种具有磁性的黑色晶体，则：

（1）X与Y反应的化学方程式是             。

    （2）若用下列装置只进行Z + W         X + Y反应（夹持装置未画出）：

① 完成此实验有多步操作，其中三步是：

a．点燃酒精灯

           b．滴加盐酸

c．检验气体纯度

这三步操作的先后顺序是               （填字母）。

②为保证实验成功，上述装置需要改进，方法是（用文字叙述）         。

（3）将3.48 g Z加入50 mL 4 mol/L的稀HNO₃中充分反应，产生112 mL的NO（标准状况），向反应后的溶液中滴加NaOH溶液能产生沉淀。当沉淀量最多，至少需要加入2 mol/L的NaOH溶液     mL (精确到0.1)。

27．（15分）现有四种短周期元素X、Y、Z、W，其中：

① X、W原子的电子层数与最外层电子数之比分别为3:1和 1:3

② Y原子是元素周期表中原子半径最小的

③ Z是形成化合物种类最多的元素

回答下列问题：

（1）X元素在周期表中的位置是           。

（2）上述四种元素中，只由一种元素的原子构成的离子是           （填离子符号）。

（3）化合物X₂W₂的电子式是       。

（4） 向含1 mol Na₂SiO₃的溶液中缓慢通入2 mol的ZO₂，反应的离子方程式是          。

     反应后溶液中阴离子浓度由大到小的顺序是                    。

（5）由Y、Z、W元素中的两种或三种可以组成多种分子，其中含有18个电子的分子是

            （填化学式）。

（6）用KMnO₄溶液可以通过滴定来测定Y₂Z₂W₄溶液的物质的量浓度。向25.00 mL 的Y₂Z₂W₄溶液中加入5.00 mL 0.50 mol/L酸性KMnO₄溶液恰好完全反应，得到ZO₂和Mn²⁺，则此种Y₂Z₂W₄溶液的物质的量浓度是      mol/L。

28．（16分）已知甲、乙、丙均为常见气体，其中甲在空气中含量最多，乙在相同条件下密度最小，丙有刺激性气味，且一个丙分子由四个原子构成。

（1）实验室中可用下图A或B装置与相应的药品制得丙。

① A中试管内反应的化学方程式是                       。

② B中分液漏斗内盛放的物质丁是     ，圆底烧瓶内的物质是     。（均填名称）

（2）工业上将甲和乙在高温、高压、催化剂的条件下制取丙。下图是甲和乙反应过程中能量变化图：

该反应的热化学方程式是                          。

（3）丙在氧气中燃烧的反应是置换反应，该反应的化学方程式是                       。

（4）① 将丙和CO₂气体通入饱和食盐水中有碳酸氢钠晶体析出，反应的离子方程式是

                                     。

②为了验证上述晶体既不是NH₄HCO₃、也不是NaCl而是NaHCO₃，设计实验方案如下，完成下列部分实验报告：

实验操作

实验现象

结论

相应的离子方程式

取少量晶体于试管中，充分加热

试管内有固体剩余

固体全部溶解，有气泡产生

（5）若用（1）中得A制取丙，并用园底烧瓶通过排气法收集丙(标准状况)，然后进行喷泉实验。当水进入到烧瓶体积得3/5时，液面不再上升，此时立即关闭止水夹，烧瓶内溶液中溶质的物质的量浓度是      mol/L（精确到0.001）。

化学答案

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

A

C

C

D

B

A

D

B

25．（15分）

（1）① 羧基                                                            （2分）    

 ② CH₃COOH + HCO₃^― == CH₃COO^― + CO₂↑ + H₂O                        （2分）

（2）①                                                        

                                                                   （2分）              

② 加成反应、取代反应（水解反应）、氧化反应、氧化反应、加成反应（还原反应）  

（答案合理均给分，3分）                         

（3）①  a c d                                                           （2分）

②                                                      （各1分，共4分）

26．（每空2分，共14分）

Ⅰ． 

（1）黄绿色                                             

（2）2 NaCl +2 H₂O         H₂↑+ Cl₂↑ + 2 NaOH      （答案合理均给分）

（3）3 Cl₂ + I^― + 3 H₂O == 6 Cl^-  + IO₃^― + 6 H⁺

Ⅱ．

（1）3 Fe + 4 H₂O        Fe₃O₄ + 4 H₂

（2）

① b c a

    ②在甲、乙装置中间增加一个装有水的洗气瓶      (答案合理均给分)

（3）97.5

27．（15分)

（1）第三周期、第ⅠA族                                         （2分）

（2）Na⁺、H⁺、O^2-、O₂^2―、C₂^2―                                       （2分）

（3）                                                           （2分）

（4） 2 CO₂ + 2 H₂O + SiO₃^2―  == 2 HCO₃^― + H₂SiO₃↓                 （2分） c（HCO₃^―）＞c（O H^―）＞c（CO₃^2―）              (答案合理均给分,2分）

（5）H₂O₂、CH₄O、C₂H₆                                                  （各1分,共3分）

（6）0.25                                                       （2分）

28．（16分）

(1)  ①  2 NH₄Cl + Ca(OH)₂  CaCl₂ + 2 NH₃↑+ 2 H₂O                   （2分）

     ②  浓氨水；  氧化钙（氢氧化钠或碱石灰 ）    （答案合理给分；各1分，2分）

 (2)  N₂(g)+ 3H₂(g)       2NH₃(g) ；△H = ―92kJ/mol                       （2分） 

(3)  4NH₃  + 3O₂ 2N₂  + 6H₂O                                       （2分）

（4）① NH₃ + CO₂ + H₂O + Na⁺  NaHCO₃↓ + NH₄⁺                         （2分）

     ②                                                      （每空1分，共4分）

实验报告：

实验操作

实验现象

结论

相应的离子方程式

该晶体不是NH₄HCO₃

向冷却后试管中加入足量盐酸

该晶体不是NaCl，是NaHCO₃

CO₃^2―+ 2H⁺  = H₂O + CO₂↑

（5） 0.0045                                                            （2分）

试题详情

2009年广东高考英语语法填空练习40篇

（1）

In the United States, there were 222 people 1_________ （report） to be billionaires（亿万富翁） in 2003. The 2_________ of高考资源网 these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money 3__________ starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old 4_________ he first helped to set 5_________ the company in 1976. He was a billionaire by the time he was 31. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

6_________, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7_________ （young） ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8________ of these child actors made over a million dollars 9_________ （act） in movies before they were 14. But the youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of Germany, 10_________ inherited （继承） a billion dollars when he turned 18 in 2001!

            w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（2）

Finishing their shopping at the supermarket, a middle-aged couple found their new car 1__________ （steal）. They filed a report 2__________the police station and a detective drove them back 3___________ the parking lot to look for evidence.

To their 4___________ （amaze）, the car had been returned 5__________ there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your car. My wife was having a baby and I had to send her to the 6____________ as soon as possible. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets 7___________ tonight's Rowan Atkinson concert.”

Their faith in humanity restored（恢复）. The couple attended 8_________ concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found that their house 9___________

（be） ransacked （洗劫）. On the bathroom mirror was 10__________ note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?”

（3）

People 1_________ （live） in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred 2_________ in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four 3_________ five hundred thousand words. But we do not need 4_________ these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. 5_________ you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more.

The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary 6__________ （big）. Read as many books as we can. There are a lot of books 7__________ （write） in easy English. You will enjoy them. When you meet 8_________ new word, look it 9_________ in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your 10__________ （much） useful book.

（4）

When you are in England you must be very careful in the streets 1_________ the traffic drives on the left. Before you cross a street you must look to the right first 2__________ then the left. In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come from 3__________, the streets are very busy. Traffic is most 4________ （danger） then.

When you go by bus in England, you have to be careful, 5_________. Always remember the traffic moves on the left. So you must be careful. 6_________ （have） a look first, or you will go 7_________ wrong way.

In many English cities, there are big buses 8_________ two floors. You can sit on the 9_________ （two） floor. From 10_________ you can see the city very well. It’s very interesting.

                             w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（5）

1________ artist had a small daughter. Sometimes he painted women 2_________ any clothes on, and he and his 3________ always tried to keep the small girl out 4_________ he was doing this, “She is 5_________ young to understand,” they said.

But one day, when the artist 6_________ （paint） a woman with no clothes on, he forgot to lock the door, and the girl suddenly ran into the room. Her mother ran up the stairs 7________ her, but when she got to the room, the little girl was already in the room and looking at the woman. 8________ her parents waited for her to speak.

For a few seconds the little girl said 9_________, but then she ran to her mother and said 10________ （angry）, “Why do you let her go about without shoes and socks on when you don’t let me?”

                          （6）

Most Americans don’t like to get advice 1___________members of their family. They get advice from “2__________ （strange）”. When they need advice, they don’t usually go to people they know. 3__________ many of them write letters to newspapers and magazines 4_________ give advice on many different subjects, 5__________ （include） family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, and even on how 6__________ （buy） a house or a car.

Most newspapers regularly print letters from 7___________ （read） with problems. Along with the letters 8___________ are answers written by people who are supposed to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors, 9__________ are lawyers or educators. But two of the most famous writers of advice are women without special 10_________ （train） for this kind of work.

（7）

   Without proper planning, tourism can cause 1_________. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places 2__________ are also enjoyed by the inhabitants（居民） of a country. If tourism creates too much traffic, the inhabitants will become 3__________ （annoy） and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists 4_________ to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy. 5__________ is important to think about the people of a destination country and 6__________tourism affects them. Tourism should help 7_________ country keep the customs and beauty that attracts tourists. Tourism should also advance the wealth and 8_________ （happy） of local inhabitants.

   Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism 9__________ （grow） too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work 10__________ the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（8）

London was awarded 1_________ 2012 Olympic Games on Wednesday, 2__________ （defeat） European rival Paris in the final round of voting to take the games back to British capital 3__________ the first time since 1948.

4_________ Moscow, New York and Madrid were eliminated （淘汰） in the first three rounds London beat Paris 54—50 on the fourth ballot（投票表决） of the IOC.

In London crowds cheered and waved flags as 5_________ watched the announcement from Singapore 6_________ a giant screen in Trafalgar Square and in the east London area 7________ the main Olympic complex （建筑群） will be based.

Blair spent two days in lobbying（游说） in Singapore 8_________ leaving to host the G8 summit （8国峰会） in Scotland. “My promise to you is we will be your very 9_________ （good） partners,” Blair said.

It’s the fourth bid （申办） from Britain after 10_________ （fail） attempts by Birmingham for the 1992 Olympics and Manchester for the 1996 and 2000.

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（9）

Why is setting goals so 1___________? Because goals can help you do, be, 2___________ experience everything you want in life. Instead 3_________ just letting life happen to you, goals allow 4___________ to make your life happen.

5__________ （success） and happy people have set lots of goals to help them reach their aims. By setting goals you are taking control of your life. It’s 6_________ having a map to show you 7_________ you want to go.

Winners in life set goals and follow through with them. Winners decide 8__________they want in life and then get there by making plans and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren’t difficult to set, and 9__________aren’t difficult to reach. It is up to you to find out what your goals really are. You are 10_________one who must decide what to do and in what direction to aim your life.

（10）

We often think of future. We often wonder 1__________the world will be like in a hundred years’ time.

Think of 2__________ space. Perhaps a permanent station on the 3__________will have been set up. Perhaps people will be able to visit the moon as 4__________. Cheap rockets for space travel will have been developed, 5_________ （permit） long journeys through the solar system. When that time comes, people will be taking holidays in space and visiting 6_________ planets. Great progress will have been made 7__________ medicine, too. Pollution will have been controlled in a hundred years’ time.

All the world will have been developed—even Antarctica. We will have used 8__________ most of the earth’s land to build our cities, 9___________ floating cities will have been built. The Japanese have already plans of this kind. And there will be cities 10__________ the sea.

（11）

The Internet as become part of young people’s life. 1_________ report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet . Most of them get 2__________ （use） information on the Internet 3_________ use the Internet to help in their studies. But many students don’t use it 4_________ a good way. Some play games too much, some visit websites 5_________ shouldn’t look at. So bad things may happen 6_________ students spend too much time on the Internet.

7_________ is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, 8_________ uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful advice.

Some students also make 9_________ on the Internet. But if you want to have a face-to-face 10_________ （meet） with your online friends, let your parents know and meet in a proper place.

                                 w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（12）

Rivers are one of our most important natural resources. Many of the world’s great 1_________ are located on rivers, and almost 2__________ country has at least one river flowing through it that plays 3__________ important part in the lives of its people.

Since the beginning of history, people 4_________ （use） rivers for transportation. The longest one in the United States is the Mississippi, and the lifeline of Egypt is the Nile.5 __________ transportation, rivers give water to drink, water for crops, and chances for fun and recreation for the people 6_________ live along their banks.

However, large cities and industries that are located on rivers often make problems. As the cities grow 7__________ size and industries increase in number, the water in the rivers becomes 8__________ （pollute） with chemicals and other materials. People are learning the 9__________ （important） of doing more to keep their rivers clean 10__________ they want to enjoy the benefits of this natural resource.

（13）

Liu Xiang was the first Asian 1___________ （win） the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympics in Athens. 2__________ that he became an idol（偶像） to the young people.

“I never thought I would run under 13 seconds and break the Olympic 3__________.”said Liu Xiang in tears, “I am very very excited. I’m proud not just for myself and for Chinese 4_________ for Asia. My race went 5___________ （wonderful） from start to finish.” Liu added. “It is 6__________ amazing experience being the Olympic champion. I want to thank my coach and my friends for 7_________their help. I think today we Chinese have showed the world we 8_________ run as fast as anybody else.”

Since his return from Athens, Liu Xiang 9__________ （be） at the center of a media circus and he has been to many press appearances and meetings. But Liu thinks 2004 is just the beginning, and he expects to be at his peak in the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Liu said, “For some players, it’s just a job. For me, it’s 10_________ I love.”

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（14）

Will 1_________ matter if you don’t take your breakfast? Some time ago a test 2__________ （give） in the United Sates. Those tests included people of different 3__________ from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got 4___________ breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see 5___________ well their bodies worked and when they had eaten 6___________ certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect 7___________ if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be 8___________ （especial） true if a person works 9__________ his brains. For example, if a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with 10__________ （much） attention in class.

（15）

Enough sleep is important to health. The amount of sleep needed 1__________ on the age of the person and the conditions in 2__________ sleep takes place. The young may need more sleep than 3__________ old, but usually eight hours are enough for the health of grown-ups. Some can do with 4__________ than this amount, but others may need more. Every person knows his own need. 5__________ is then a matter of good judgment to satisfy his need. Sleep 6__________ always be enough to make one bring back his 7__________ （strong） and get ready for a day’s work.

   Fresh air is necessary to sound sleep. So it is not 8___________ reason for some people to think that it is practicable to sleep in the open air. A bath at bedtime, 9__________ hot nor cool but of body temperature, may be helpful to sleep. Sleepproducing drug（帮助睡眠的药物） should never be taken except when 10__________ （suggest） by a doctor.

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

                               （16）

Snake dishes have become popular 1________ recent years. Snake meat in various flavors （风味） can 2_________ （see） in restaurant ads very often. Eating snake seems to be now in vogue（盛行）, and if you haven’t eaten snake yet, you are considered “out of date”. But I wonder 3__________ all the trends are worth following.

Some people may defend themselves 4__________ saying that snake meat is nutritious. But these people don’t realize that many parasites（寄生虫），5_________ do harm to our health, are found inside snakes.

According 6________ a survey, about 1000 tons of snakes are eaten every year in China and sometimes as 7__________ as 10 tons of snakes are served on dinner tables in Shenzhen in a single day!

These figures warns us that if no action is taken, 8_________ number of snakes will drop and make an increase in mice and worms population, which will 9_________ in a decrease（减产） of crop output. Who will see such tragedy happen?  

So let’s start not to eat snakes any more because “to protect the snake is to protect 10__________.”

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

                               （17）

A few years ago, SARS 1_________ out in the mainland of China, causing some people 2_________ （kill）. And some nearly got close to death. The situation was so severe that there was3_________ time to debate who is to blame. The most important thing for the government to do is to find out the 4__________ of this deadly disease. They invited all the most 5___________ （experience） experts in this field to discuss and quite a few suggestions were put forward. Some of the top experts then tested them to see 6_________ they were available. Doctor Zhong Nanshan chose one patient who was seriously ill and had little hope 7_________ picking up and had the new medicine tested on him. 8__________ his great joy, this patient recovered! He made his way to his office and telephoned the top official, 9_________ （tell） him this exciting news. For convenience, he moved to live in his office. His method did make sense. Not soon after that, the 10_________ hospitals also controlled this terrible disease and kicked it out finally.

（18）

I asked my uncle, who plays 1_________ piano well, 2_________ he would assess （评定） the tone of a second hand piano I was hoping to buy. We arrived 3__________ the house and Uncle Frank looked the piano over, then 4__________ （sit） down and played a mixture of honky-tonk numbers and classical pieces. When he finished, we told the family that we would call 5__________ in 15 minutes.

Outside, Uncle Frank said that 6___________ the wood was battered （坏掉的），the sound was good and we should buy it.

When I phoned the woman back, she sounded as if she was crying. Concerned, I asked, “What’s the 7__________?”

“We didn’t know the piano 8___________ play like that,” she replied. The piano wasn’t 9__________ sale, and her daughter had to resume（重新开始） taking piano 10__________.

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

                            （19）

In North America people are always in 1__________ hurry. Children have special lessons or sports activities 2__________ school. Parents often work late and 3___________ get home until 7 or 8 o’clock at night. Most North American families don’t have time to prepare a meal. That is 4___________ fast food is so popular in North America. People 5__________ about 40% of their dollars on fast food.

People usually buy fast food from restaurant chains such as Pizza Hut, McDonald’s, or KFC, 6_________ they can enjoy pizza, sandwiches, fried chicken, and so on. Fast food saves work and time, but it is not 7___________ （nutrition）.

Fast food is popular in many countries. American fast-food companies now have restaurants all over the world. But not 8__________ is happy about the spread（扩展） of North American fast food. A group of people in Italy want to fight 9__________ the spread of American fast food. They don’t like the idea of more fast food chains 10___________（open） restaurants in their country.

（20）

Many people keep small fish 1_________ pets. They keep them in a tank of water. The tank is made of glass. People can 2_________ through it. They can see inside the tank and watch the fish.

The fish need room. They mustn’t be crowded. They need 3_________ to breathe. 4__________ must be enough water for all fish. So the size of the tank is very important.

In the tank people put small plants 5__________ are good for fish. They give oxygen to the water. Plants help in other ways, too. They can hide 6_________ the plants and sleep, lay eggs there. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

The fish 7_________ be kept in water all the time. Some can jump high. So the tank should be covered. This keeps the fish from 8__________ （jump） out.

The fish need food and should be fed every day. But 9__________ you give them too much food, it is very bad, for the extra food will fall to the bottom and make the water dirty. So the fish should get just enough food and finish 10_________ in ten minutes. Nothing should be left.

（21）

Once upon a time there was a rich merchant  1  ________ had 4 wives. He loved the 4th wife the most. He took great care of her and gave her nothing 2__________ the best. He also loved the 3rd wife very much. He was very 3 ___________ （pride） of her and always wanted to show off her to his friends. He also loved his 2nd wife. She is 4 ___________very considerate person, always patient and in fact is the merchant’s close friend. 5___________ the merchant faced some problems, he always turned to his 2nd wife and 6____________ would always help him out and tide（帮助渡过） him 7__________ difficult times. Now, the merchant’s 1st wife is a very loyal partner and has made great 8___________ （contribute） in maintaining his wealth and business as well as 9___________ （take） care of the household. 10___________, the merchant did not love the first wife and although she loved him deeply, he hardly took notice of her.                                         

（22）

There once were a goat and a donkey 1___________ lived on a farm. The donkey worked the hardest so the farmer fed it the most  2___________. Sometimes the donkey was given more food 3 __________ it could eat. This made the goat so jealous 4__________ it began plotting against（谋划对付） the donkey. "Hey, donkey," the goat said one day. "I think you do too much work on this farm. You carry such heavy things from morning to night. Why don't you pretend 5__________（get） sick so you can take a day 6___________?'' The donkey thought the goat had a great idea. So the next morning, the donkey lay in the stable（畜栏） on its side with its eyes 7__________ （close）. Right away, the farmer called the doctor. 8____________ looking at the donkey, the doctor said it needed a special medicine made 9___________ the heart of a goat. So the farmer killed 10__________ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

                              （23）

Dawn graduated several years ago. She 1 __________ （be） a successful model, and finding a job had not been a 2__________ ---until recently.

When Dawn did start trying to find another type of  3__________, she found in interview after interview that computer literacy（能力）was a must to 4___________ （employ）.

Since Dawn had always been afraid 5_________ learning computer while in college—our school didn't require to learn computer at that time—she managed to get a degree 6_________ ever confronting（面对） a computer.

Finally, after months of searching for a job, Dawn failed. She had to admit that sidestepping （回避） computer literacy（读写能力） hadn't been a good idea. 7___________, She enrolled in a computer course at 8      ____adult vocational school.

9____________（surprise）, although she had been afraid of learning computer, she took to computers10__________much that after about a year she opened her own computer-based business.

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（24）

Some day,1_________you are lucky, you may see a bongo（大羚羊）. But the only way most people will see it is in a 2__________. They are found in Africa, 3__________ they live deep in forests. Even in Africa, very few people ever get to see a bongo. The bongo does not come out of the forest very often. It is an animal that keeps to 4__________.

The bongo has beautiful coloring. Its hair is bright brown 5_________ （mix） with orange and red. Down its back and across its sides the bongo has yellow-white strips（条纹）. Animals that look 6__________ food at night usually have big eyes. This helps them see 7________ （good） at night. The forests in which bongos live are very dark. The eyes of bongos are very big. So, they have no trouble 8_________ （live） in the darkness.

Bongos in zoos do not like to go outside on 9_________days. They only go outside on those days 10_________ it is dark or very cloudy.

（25）

Gandhi, an Indian national hero, was honored 1__________ the father of the Indian nation. He has been respected and beloved by the Indians.

He was born in India in 1869. Following the local custom, he got 2__________（marry） at the age of 13. In 1888 he sailed to England, 3__________ he studied law for three years and became a lawyer. On his return to India, he was sent to South Africa to work on a law case.

In South Africa he 4__________ （surprise） to find that the problem of racial discrimination （种族歧视）was serious. There he formed an organization and started a magazine to fight 5__________ equal rights.

Gandhi returned to India in 1915, 6__________ India was controlled by the British. He led the Indians to fight for an end to the British rule and 7___________ （depend） for his country. In the political movement many Indians including Gandhi were put in prison. 8___________, the struggles never stopped. The British government had to give 9___________and India won its independence in 1947. 10___________（fortunate） Gandhi was shot by an Indian who opposed his views and died on January 30^th, 1948. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（26）

Mrs. Wilson, the wife of a rich man, 1___________some of her friends to lunch. She was trying a new way to cook fish and she was very pleased with 2__________when the fish was ready. As the fish was very hot, she put it near the open window to 3_________ _for a few minutes. Five minutes later, when she came back for it, she was 4___________to find the neighbor’s cat at the fish. She was in time to stop the cat 5____________ it was too late. That afternoon every one enjoyed the fish. They talked and laughed 6__________four o’clock.

After the guests left, Mrs. Wilson felt tired 7_________ happy. She was sitting down in a chair near the window when she saw the neighbor’s cat dead in her garden. She was sure the fish was bad. What 8__________  happen to her friends? She at once telephoned the family doctor for help. The doctor liked each guest 9___________ （meet） him. Once again Mrs. Wilson was alone in her chair still tired but not longer happy. Just then the telephone rang. 10__________ was her neighbor, “Oh, Mrs. Wilson,” he cried.” My cat is dead. She was killed by someone in a car and put in your garden….”

（27）

Nowadays, almost everyone 1__________（realize） that smoking is 2__________ （harm） to people’s health. Sometimes it 3__________ causes fire.

In China, about 38% of the people smoke. Every year, they smoke millions of packets of 4__________. It’s bad news for the health of nation.

It’s known that smoking can cause different kinds of disease. Every year, many people die 5_________ these illnesses, such as lung and throat cancers. It also costs the government much money to look 6___________ these sick people. Smoking is also harmful to those 7________ don’t smoke, 8___________ （especial） to children and women.

In a word, smoking is no good. 9__________ you want to smoke, just think of those who suffer from diseases 10_________ the fires that destroy people’s lives and properties!

（28）

Many people like to 1_________ the latest newspaper. But 2_________ is it produced so quickly?

The most important man may be 3__________ chief editor. He decides 4__________ to do. Every morning the 5___________ （journal） are sent to report the events. Sometimes they need a face-to-face interview with people 6_________ do telephone interviews. Meanwhile, the picture editor sends photographer to take the 7___________ they need.

Later in the day, they pass the stories and the 8___________ （develop） photos to the editor.

The chief editor will choose the most important news for the front page. 9___________ editors read the stories, make some necessary changes and write headlines for them. 10___________ the newspaper is printed and delivered to different places.

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（29）

With the 1____________ （develop） of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious. In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because 2___________ air pollution.

Air pollution is caused by the following 3_________: about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. There are more and more cars, buses on the roads, and they give off 4__________ （poison） gases. 25% of air pollution is caused by factories. Another factor is the smokers. Smoking not only does harm to their health 5__________ to others. 6_________ these, about 10%of air pollution is caused by other reasons.

We should take some measures to fight 7____________ pollution. New fuel can be used to take 8___________ place of gas. We can plant more trees. If everybody realizes the 9___________ （important） of environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem will 10____________ （solve）.

（30）

Recently, a website has carried 1__________ a survey about the common view on graduates 2__________ Beijing University.

28% of the interviewed companies think that they 3__________ （satisfy） with the graduates from Beijing University. The graduates in their companies have a wide range of 4__________ （know） and they learn things very quickly and easily.

5___________, most of the companies don’t think much of graduates from Beijing University. In their eyes, the graduates always stick 6___________ their own opinions and lack the teamwork spirit 7__________ they are working. Besides, they may not be satisfied with their jobs even with big companies, and they usually ask too 8___________. As a result, 34% of the companies insist that 9__________ will not employ graduates from Beijing University.

In brief, society and even the students themselves expect too much from graduates from Beijing University. That’s 10__________ a graduate claims that he is rubbish.

                             （31）

Did you know that in the mountains it can start to snow in August? It snows through the fall and winter. 1__________, in spring, when all that snow melts, water falls down the mountain sides. Streams（溪流） form and come together to form 2__________ . Let’s follow one of the rivers in Utah.

The Bear River begins nearly 13,000 feet 3__________ in the mountains. It ends only 90 miles away, 4__________ it will have dropped about 9,000 feet first! The most surprising thing about this river is where 5_____ ____ends. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

If you look at a map, you will see that nearly all rivers 6_________（empty） into the sea. But 7___________ the water of the Bear River. This river flows into the Great Salt Lake, the largest lake in the West. The rivers and streams 8__________ flow into the lake bring with them about two million tons of salt each year. And no fresh water flows away from the lake. 9___________, the summer sun evaporates （蒸发） the fresh water, 10___________ （leave） the salt behind. The lake water is so salty that you can’t sink in it, no matter how hard you try.

（32）

1 ___________ neither she nor her husband smoked, Mrs. Trench was surprised to see cigarette ash on her doorstep as she entered the house. When she opened the living-room door, she was astonished to see a strange man fast 2__________ in an armchair! Taking care not to disturb him, Mrs. Trench left the house at once. She called a taxi and went 3 __________（straight） to the police station. When she got there, she lost no time to explain 4___________ had happened and added that the man 5__________ have got into the house 6___________ an open window. Mrs. Trench returned home 7___________ a police car together with two policemen. But it was too late: the man had disappeared. 8___________ （hurry） upstairs, she went to her dressing-table. She smiled 9__________ relief when she saw the only thing that man had taken was an imitation（仿制品） diamond necklace that was almost 10 ___________!

                         （33）

About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City 1___________ a woman and a yougn boy sat down 2___________ the next table. I couldn’t help 3__________ （overhear） parts of their conversation. At one point 4___________ woman asked: “ So, how have you been?” And the boy, 5__________

couldn’t have been more than seven or eight years old, replied, “Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.”

   This incident 6___________ （stick） in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are cahnging. As 7___________ as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school. The evidence of a change in children 8__________ （increase） steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults 9___________ they used to. 10___________ this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Children as it once was no longer exists, why?

                              （34）

   Johnny Carson began his career in television 1 ____________ his twenties. First he worked at local stations in Nebraska. Several years 2___________, he moved to Los Angeles, California. It was “The Tonight Show” 3____________ made Johnny Carson famous for thirty years. He became 4 ____________ most popular star of American television. He 5_____________ （call） “the king of late night.” Critics said Americans from all parts of the country liked him and felt they knew him. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

   He did not take his fame 6_____________ （serious）. For example, when asked 7____________ he became a “star”, he answered: “I started in a gaseous （气体的） state and I cooled.” Carson’s special skill was his sense of 8____________. Audiences laughed at his jokes he made at the beginning of his show. However, sometimes they laughed 9____________ harder at the jokes that failed. He was the most powerful performer on televison. Many 10____________ （comedy） and singers became successful after appearing on “The Tonight Show”.

                              （35）

Although many Chinese students say that 1____________ knowledge of English grammar is good, 2 ____________most would admit that their oral English is poor.

3 ____________ I speak to a Chinese student they always say, “My oral English is poor.” 4 ____________, their oral English does not have to remain “poor!” I would like to suggest that there may be some reasons 5_____________ their problems with oral English.

First, they fail to find suitable words to express 6_____________ due to （由于） a limited vocabulary. 7_____________, they are afraid of making mistakes. The third reason is that not enough attention 8 ______________ （pay） to listening.

   9_____________ you use your English beyond the classroom you will forget what English you know. Remember: USE IT OR LOSE IT! You can learn how to speak English better 10____________ speaking English more.

（36）

Until recently daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time. Or it ___1_______（consider） an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties. But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming. Some think it may be a very ______2_____ （health） thing to do. Some reseachers are finding that daydreaming may be important to mental health. Daydreaming, they tell us ,_____3___（be） a good means of relaxation. But its benefits go    4       this. A number of psychologists have conducted experiments and have reached some      5   （surprise） conclusions.

Dr. Joan T. Freyberg has conclued that daydreaming contributes to intellectual growth. It ____6_____ improves      7      （concentrate）,attention span, and the ability to get along with others. Idustrialist Henry J. Kaiser believed that much of his success was due to the positive use of daydreaming. Florence Nightingale dreamed of becoming a nurse. The young Thomas Edison pictured        8      as an inventor. For these notable achieveers, it appears    9     their daydreams came true. Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdick offered this advice: “hold a picture of yourself… in your mind’s eye, and you will be drawn toward it. Picture yourself   10    as defeated and that alone will make victory impossible. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（37）

We ofter think of future. We often wonder ____1____ the world will be like a hundred years’  time.

Think of    2    space. Perhaps a permanent station on the moon    3       （set up）. Perhapes people will be able to visit the moon as    4       . Cheap rockets for space travel will have been developed,     5      （permit） long journeys through the solar system. When that time comes, people will be taking holidays in space and visiting    6       planets. Great propress will have been made     7    medicine, too. Pollution will have been controlled in a hundred years’ time.

    8     the world will have been developed—even Antarctica. We will have used up most of the earth’s land to build our cities,      9     floating cities will have been built. The Japanese have already plans of this kind. And there will be cities   10         the sea.

（38）

In the United States, there were 222 people    1        （report） to be billionaires in 2003. The   2      of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $41 billion, who made his money  3  starting the company Microsoft. Mr Gates was only 21 years old    4     he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire   5     the time he was 31.

     6     , there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even

     7   （young） ages. Other young people who have struch it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple.     8      of these child actors made over a million dollars     9     （act） in movies before they were 14. But      10     youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn and Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited a billion dollars when he turned 18.

（39）

Most Americans don’t like to get advice     1      members of their family. They get advice from  “       2    （strong）.” When they need advice, they don’t usually go to people thtey know.   3    many of them write letters to newspaers and magazines    4       give advice on amny different subjects    5      （include） family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes,    6      even on how to buy a house or a car.

  Most newspapers    7       （regular） print letters from readers with problems. Along with the letters there are     8    written by people who are supposed to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors,    9  are lawyers or educators. But two of the most famous writers of advice are women without special     10   （train） for this kind of work. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

（40）

When you are in England you must be very careful in the streets    1      the traffic drives on the left. Before you cross a street you msut look to the right first     2    then the left. In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come from    3    , the streets are very busy. Traffic is most    4      （danger） then.

   When you go by bus in England, you have to be careful,    5     . always remember the traffic moves on the left. So you must be careful.    6        Have a look first, or you will go   7   wrong way.

In many English cities, there are big buses   8   two floors. Your can sit on the     9    （tow） floor, from  10    you can see the city very well. It’s very interesting.

试题详情

衡水中学2008―2009学年度第一学期第三次调研考试

高三年级物理试卷

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

全卷满分：120分 考试时间：110分钟  

  注意事项：1.答卷Ⅰ前请将自己的姓名.考号填涂在答题卡上。

2.答卷Ⅰ时要用2B铅笔将答案填涂在答题卡上，答在试卷上无效。

试题详情

＊机密?启用前                                                  试卷类型：A

广东省珠海市2009届高三第二次调研考试

物  理

本试卷20小题，满分150分．考试用时120分钟．

注意事项：

            1．答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号．用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的市县/区、学校，以及自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上．用2B铅笔将试卷类型填涂在答题卡相应位置上．

            2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再填涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上．

            3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液．不按以上要求作答的答案无效．

            4．作答选做题时，请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题的题组号对应的信息点，再作答．漏涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效．

            5．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁．考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回．

第I卷（共48分）

试题详情