2008级重庆市高三联合诊断性模拟考试（第二次）
理 科 综 合
理科综合测试题分选择题和非选择题两部分。第一部分（选择题），第二部分（非选择题）。满分300分。考试时间150分钟。
注意事项：
1、答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
2、答第一部分试题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3、答第二部分试题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。
4、所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
5、考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并上交回。
以下数据可供解题时参考： H 1 C 12 O 16 P 31 S 32 As 75
第一部分（选择题，共126分）
选择题（本题包括21小题。每小题6分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意）
1．下图是人体生命活动调节过程的示意图，请据图判断下列说法不正确的是
A．如分泌细胞1是性腺细胞，则靶细胞2不可能是神经细胞
B．如分泌细胞1是甲状腺细胞，则靶细胞2可能是垂体细胞
C．如分泌细胞1是T细胞，则靶细胞2可能是B细胞
D．如分泌细胞1是胰岛A细胞，则它既是内分泌细胞又是构成某种非条件反射弧的效应器部分
2．山羊体细胞中控制毛色的三对等位基因(X、x，Y、y，Z、z)分别位于三对同源染色体上，由基因X、y、Z分别控制①②③三种酶的合成，在三种酶共同作用下，可使羊毛中一种无色物质转变为黑色素(如下图所示)。若基因型为XxYyZz的两只白羊亲本杂交，则出现黑山羊子代的概率为
A．9／64 B．1／
3．生物研究小组同学观察到某野外四个物种在一天中的平均活动时间（活动时间以％表示）。并将观察信息记录到下表，下列表述不正确的是
休息时间
与其他物种关系
进食时间
其他活动
物种A
20%
15%追逐物种B
55%吃种子E
10%
物种B
20%
25%被物种A追逐
45%吃种子E
10%
物种C
75%
15%吃物种A
10%
物种D
75%
20%吃物种C
5%
A．该研究小组记录的信息，不能反映完整的食物链（网）联系
B．物种A、B、C、D不能构成完整的食物链（网）
C．与物种A、B相比较，物种C、D一天中进食时间较短的原因可能是食物中含蛋白质、脂肪较多
D．物种A、B之间存在竞争关系、物种C、D之间存在捕食关系
4．某实验小组以CO2吸收量与释放量为指标，在光照等条件适宜的情况下，研究温度对某绿色植物光合作用与呼吸作用的影响，他们将某植株放在特殊的装置内，实际测得的数据如图所示。下列对这一结果的叙述，不正确的是
A．在相同光照、时间下，
B．在相同光照、时间下，在
C．温度高于
D．若昼夜均为12小时，则在二曲线交点的温度条件下，植物每天有机物的积累量为零
5．下图表示在某环境中，某种群数量增长率随时间变化的曲线，下列叙述不正确的是
A．在t0～t2时间内，该种群数量呈“S”型增长
B．若在t2时该种群数量为N，则在t1时种群数量为N/2
C．若此图为青霉菌群体的增长，则在t2点以后是提取青霉素的最佳时间
D．在t1～t2时间段，该种群数量呈下降趋势
6．2007 年诺贝尔化学奖得主德国科学家格哈德 ? 埃特尔对有关一氧化碳在金属铂表面的氧化过程的研究，催生了汽车尾气净化装置。净化装置中的催化转化器，可将 CO、NO、NO2 和碳氢化合物等转化为无害的物质，有效降低尾气对环境的危害。下列有关说法不正确的是
A．催化转化器中的铂催化剂可加快CO氧化
B．铂表面做成蜂窝状更有利于提高催化效果
C．在铂催化下，NO、NO2 可被CO还原成N2
D．碳氢化合物在铂催化下，被CO直接氧化成CO2和 H2O
7．A、B都是短周期元素，原子半径：B＞A，它们可以形成化合物AB2。由此可得出的正确判断是
A．A、B可能在同一周期 B． A在B的前一周期
C． A肯定是金属元素 D． A可能在第三周期的ⅡA或ⅣA
8．用NA表示阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法中正确的是
A．
B．标准状况下，
C．6.4 gS6与S8的混合物中所含S原子数一定为0.2 NA
D．常温下，
9．下列说法中不正确的是
A．升高温度，可以改变水的离子积大小
B．醋酸溶液中加入少量硫酸，可以抑制醋酸的电离
C．碳酸钠溶液可以除油污，因为它显碱性
D．醋酸铵水溶液呈中性，因为它水解后生成弱酸和弱碱
10．下列各组离子，一定能大量共存的是
A．含有大量Fe3+的溶液：Na+、HCO3-、NO3-、CO32-
B．加入铝粉能产生氢气的溶液：NH4+、Fe2+ 、SO42- 、Cl-
C．常温下，c(H+)/c(OH-)=1×10-2的溶液：I-、Cl-、HCO3-、Na+
D．由水电离出的c(H+)=1×10-12 mol•L-1溶液中：K+、Cl- 、NO3- 、Na+
11．下列有关比较中，大小顺序排列错误的是
A．热稳定性：PH3＞H2S＞HBr＞NH3
B．物质的熔点：石英＞食盐＞冰＞汞
C．结合质子（H+）的能力：CO32-＞CH3COO-＞SO42-
D．分散系中分散质粒子的直径：Fe(OH)3悬浊液＞Fe(OH)3胶体＞FeCl3溶液
12．2006年中国防治禽流感药物研究取得重大突破，从中药材提取的金丝桃素对人工感染的H5N1亚型禽流感家禽活体具有良好的治愈率。已知金丝桃素的结构简式为如下图，
下列有关说法正确的是
A．金丝桃素的分子式为C17H22O3N
B．金丝桃素能在NaOH溶液中加热反应得到两种芳香族化合物
C．金丝桃素能与浓硫酸和浓硝酸的混合液反应
D．1mol金丝桃素最多能与4molH2发生加成反应
13．在浓盐酸中，H3AsO3与SnCl2反应的离子方程式为：3SnCl2＋12Cl-＋2H3AsO3＋6H+＝2As＋3SnCl62-＋6H2O。关于该反应的说法中正确的组合是
① 氧化剂是H3AsO3；② 还原性：Cl-＞As；③ 每生成7.5gAs，还原剂失去的电子为0.3 mol；④SnCl62-是氧化产物。
A．①②④ B．①③④ C．①②③ D．只有①③
14．下列说法中正确的是
A．物体的内能是物体内所有分予热运动的动能之和
B．布朗运动反映了花粉小颗粒内部分子的无规则运动
C．两个分子间的距离增大时，其斥力与引力的合力可能增大
D．物体的体积增大时，分子势能一定增大
15．雷蒙德?戴维斯因研究来自太阳的电子型中微子γe而获得了2002年度诺贝尔物理学奖。他探测中徽子所用的探测器的主体是一个贮满615t四氯乙烯(C2CI4)溶液的巨桶，电子型中微子可以将一个氯核转变为一个氩核，其核反应方程为
已知
核的质量为36.95658u，
核的质量为36.95691u，
的质量为0.00055u，l u质量对应的能量为931.5MeV。根据以上数据，可以判断参与上述反应的电子型中微子的最小能量为
A．0.82MeV B．0.31MeV C．1.33MeV D．0.51MeV
16．如图所示，一束平行复色光被玻璃三棱镜折射后分解为互相分离的红、黄、蓝三色光，分别照射到相同的三块金属板上，已知金属板b 恰有光电子逸出,则可知
A．照射到板C上的光是蓝色光
B．照射到板C上的光在棱镜中传播速度最小
C．照射到板a上的光波长最长
D．板a上一定能发生光电效应
17．静电场中有M、N两点，已知M点的电势高于N点的电势，则下面的说法正确的是
A．M点到N点连线的方向就是电场线的方向
B．一个点电荷到M点受的电场力总要大于在N点受的电场力
Ｃ．一个点电荷从N点移到M点，它的电势能一定增加
D．一个点电荷从M点移到N点，它的电势能可能增加
18．如图所示为波源开始振动后经过一个周期时的波形图，设介质中质点振动周期为T，则下面说法中正确的是
A．若点M为波源，则M开始振动的方向向下
B．若点N为波源，则点P已振动了T/4
C．若点M为波源，则点P已振动了T/4
D．若点N为波源，则该时刻质点P动能最大
19．我国发射的“嫦娥一号”探月卫星简化后的路线示意图如图所示，卫星由地面发射后经过发射轨道进入停泊轨道，然后在停泊轨道经过调速后进入地月转移轨道，再次调速后进入工作轨道，卫星开始对月球进行探测。已知地球与月球的质量之比为a，卫星相对地球的停泊轨道与卫星工作轨道的半径之比为b，卫星在停泊轨道和工作轨道上均可视为做匀速圆周运动，则卫星
A．在停泊轨道和工作轨道运行的周期之比为
B．在停泊轨道和工作轨道运行的周期之比为
C．在停泊轨道运行的速度大于地球的第一宇宙速度
D．从停泊轨道进入到地月转移轨道，卫星必须减速
20．如图所示，在一次救灾工作中，一架沿水平直线飞行的直升机A，用悬索(重力可忽略不计)救.护困在湖水中的伤员B。在直升机A和伤员B以相同的水平速度匀速运动的同时，悬索将伤员吊起，在某一段时间内，A、B之间的距离以
〈式中H为直升机A离地面的高度，各物理量的单位均为国际单位制单位〉规律变化，则在这段时间内
A．悬索的拉力等于伤员的重力
B．悬索是向后倾斜的
C．伤员做加速度大小、方向均不变的直线运动
D．伤员做速度大小增加的曲线运动
21．平行板电容器的两极板A、B接于电池两极，一带正电的小球悬挂在电容器内部，闭合开关S，小球平衡后悬线偏离竖直方向的夹角为θ，如图所示。若A板不动，θ增大，这可能是由于
A．S保持闭合，B板向上平移了一些
B．S保持闭合，B板向左平移了一些
C．S保持闭合，B板向下平移了一些
D．S断开，B板向左平移了一些
第二部分（非选择题，共174分）
22．（请在答题卡上作答）（17分）
（1）测量一个量程已知的电压表内阻，所备器材如下:
A．待测电压表V(量程3V,内阻未知)
B．电流表A(量程
C．定值电阻Ro(阻值2kΩ,额定电流50 mA)
D．电池组E(电动势略小于3V,内阻不计)
E．多用电表
F．开关S1 、S2，导线若干
有一同学利用上面所给器材，进行如下实验操作：
①首先，用多用电表进行粗测:多用电表电阻挡有4个倍率，分别是×lkΩ、×100Ω、×10Ω、×1Ω。该同学选择×10Ω倍率，用正确的操作方法测量，发现指针偏角太小(相对左端)。为了较准确地进行测量，重新选用×100Ω倍率。若这时刻度盘上的指针位置如图所示，那么测量结果是_________________。
②为了更精确地测出此电压表内阻，该同学设计了如图所示的A、B实验电路。你认为其中较合理的电路是图__________，其理由是_______________________________________。
（2）在一次课外活动中，某同学用图（a）所示装置测量放在水平光滑桌面上铁块A与金属板B间的动摩擦因数。已知铁块A的质量m =lkg，金属板B的质量M=0.5kg，用水平力F向左拉金属板B ，使其向左运动，弹簧秤示数的放大情况如图所示，则A、B间的摩擦力Fμ=____________N，A、B间的动摩擦因数μ=_______ (g取10 m/s2)。
该同学还设计性地将纸带连接在金属板B的后面，通过打点计时器连续打下一些计时点，取时间间隔为0.1s的几个点。测量后的结果如图 （b）所示，则金属板被拉动的加速度a=___________m/s2，由此可知水平力F=_____________N。
23．（16分）如图所示，K与虚线MN之间是加速电场，虚线MN与PQ之间是匀强电场，虚线PQ与荧光屏之间是匀强磁场，且MN、PQ与荧光屏三者互相平行，电场和磁场的方向如图所示。图中A点与O点的连线垂直于荧光屏，一带正电的粒子从A点离开加速电场，速度方向垂直于偏转电场方向射入偏转电场，在离开偏转电场后进入匀强磁场，最后恰好垂直地打在图中的荧光屏上，已知电场和磁场区域在竖直方向足够长，加速电压与偏转电场的场强关系为U=
，式中的d是偏转电场的宽度且为已知量，磁场的磁感应强度B与偏转电场的电场强度E和带电粒子离开加速电场的速度vo关系符合表达式
，求:
（1）带电粒子进入偏转电场后的偏转角。
（2）磁场的宽度L为多少?
24．（19分）如图所示，在方向竖直向上的磁感应强度为B的匀强磁场中，有两条光滑的平行金属导轨，其电阻不计，间距为L，导轨平面与磁场方向垂直，ab、cd为两根垂直导轨放置的、电阻都为R、质量都为m的金属棒，棒cd用最大拉力为f的水平细线拉住，棒ab在水平拉力F的作用下以加速度a向右做匀加速运动，求:
（1）细线被拉断前F随时间的变化规律。
（2）经多长时间细线将被拉断?
25．（20分）如图所示，EF为水平地面，0点左侧是粗糙的，右侧是光滑的，一轻质弹簧右端固定在墙壁上，左端与静止在O点、质量为m的小物块A连接，弹簧处于原长状态，一质量为
（1）撤去外力后弹簧的最大弹性势能?
（2）从D点返回后,物块B从O点开始向左运动直到静止所用的时间是多少？
26．（14分）下列图1中B是一种常见的无色无味的液体。C是一种有磁性的化合物，E是一种无色无味的有毒气体。根据下列图1、图2，回答下列问题：
（1）写出C的化学式： 。
（2）E和N2是等电子体，请写出E可能的电子式： 。
（3）在101kPa和150℃时，可逆反应E（g）+ B（g）
F（g）+ D（g）反应速率和时间的关系如图2所示，那么在t1时速率发生改变的原因可能是（填选项字母） 。
A．升高温度 B．增大压强 C．加入催化剂
（4）若G是一种淡黄色固体单质，16 g G和足量的A反应放出的热量为Q kJ（Q > 0），写出这个反应的热化学方程式： 。
若G是一种气态单质，H的水溶液可以和有机物I反应使溶液呈紫色，请写出I的结构简式： ；H的水溶液呈酸性，请用离子方程式表示呈酸性的原因： 。
27．（15分）实验室用燃烧法测定某氨基酸（CxHyNzOp）的分子组成。取m g 该氨基酸放在纯氧中充分燃烧，生成CO2、H2O和N2。按下图所示装置进行实验。
请回答下列问题：
（1）实验开始时，首先要通入一段时间的氧气，其理由是________________________
（2）以上装置中需要加热的仪器有_________________（用字母填空）。
（3）A装置中发生反应的化学方程式是________________________________________。
（4）装置D的作用是______________________________________________________。
（5）读取量筒中水的体积时，应注意①__ ______________________________________；
②_______________________________________________
（6）实验中测得N2的体积为V mL（标准状况）。为确定此氨基酸的化学式，还需要的有关数据是________________________。
28．（15分）已知：两个羟基同时连在同一碳原子上的结构是不稳定的，它将发生脱水反应：
 |
现有分子式为C9H8O2Br2的物质M，有机物C的相对分子质量为60，在一定条件下可发生下述一系列反应：
请回答下列问题：
（1）G→H的反应类型是 ______ 。
（2）M的结构简式为 __________ ；C的结构简式为 __________ 。
（3）写出下列反应的化学方程式：
①A→ B的化学方程式： _______ ；
②H→I的化学方程式： ___ 。
29．(16分) 铝是一种重要金属，在工农业生产和生活中应用十分广泛。
（1）工业上用电解法制取金属铝的方程式为：
（2）按照下列方案进行“由含铁废铝制备硫酸铝晶体”的实验：
 |
请回答以下问题：
①第一次过滤操作的目的是__________________________________________。
②第二步操作中加稀H2SO4至pH=8―9后，检验沉淀是否完全的方法是___________ __ _ 。
③第二步操作中溶液的pH控制较难操作，原因是 ，
为保证铝元素沉淀完全，可改用的物质是____________________。
（3）硫酸铝水溶液中离子浓度由大到小的顺序为： 。
（4）明矾（硫酸铝钾）常用作净水剂，明矾能净水的主要原因
。
（5）在硫酸铝、硫酸钾和明矾的混合溶液中，如果c(SO42-)=0.2 mol?L-1，当加入等体积一定物质的量浓度的KOH溶液时，恰好沉淀完全，则所得溶液中K
的物质的量浓度为 。
30．Ⅰ、（本小题共18分、每空2分）下图中植株①为黄色豆荚（aa）、绿色子叶（bb）的纯种豌豆，植株②为绿色豆荚（AA）、黄色子叶（BB）的纯种豌豆，这两对基因独立遗传。现对植株①和植株②进行了一定的处理，处理的结果如下图所示，请根据此图解回答问题：
（1）处理①的方法是 __________ ，形成无籽豆荚的原因是 。
（2）经过处理②形成的有种子豆荚，其豆荚的颜色是 色，子叶的颜色是 色。第二年将经过处理②形成的所有种子播下，在自然条件下，长出的植株所结的豌豆豆荚为黄色的占 ，其种子中胚的基因型是AABb的占总数的 。
（3）处理③的方法是 ，处理④的方法是 ，其原理是 。
Ⅱ、（本小题共10分）由于在“基因靶向敲除”技术方面获得重大成果，两位美国科学家和一位英国科学家分享了2007年诺贝尔生理或医学奖。“基因靶向敲除”是指利用细胞内的DNA可与外源性DNA同源序列发生同源重组的性质，用设计好的DNA片段替代动物细胞内的基因片段，从而达到基因敲除目的，其基本原理如下图所示。
请回答下列问题：
(1)关于“基因靶向敲除”技术，下列说法不正确的是（ ）
A．“基因靶向敲除”其实质就是人为的基因重组技术
B．“基因靶向敲除”的滥用，会导致基因污染的生态灾难
C．“基因靶向敲除”成功导入的目的基因，其遗传仍可能遵循孟德尔遗传定律
D．“基因靶向敲除”成功的关健是目的基因能否成功导入受体细胞
(2)从获取目的基因到将目的基因导入受体细胞前，两次使用了同一种基因操作工具，该工具是 。
(3)要想获得一只含目的基因的小鼠，一般是通过病毒感染或显微注射技术将目的基因导入受精卵
选择受精卵作受体细胞的原因是，从细胞分化角度讲 。
(4)在此类基因操作中，通常可以用水母的发光蛋白作为标记物。水母发光蛋白有发光环，能在一定
条件下发出荧光，现已将这种蛋白质的基因作为生物转基因的标记，在转基因技术中，这种蛋白质的作用是( )
A．便于获取目的基因 B．便于目的基因在宿主细胞中扩增
C．便于目的基因的转移容易被检测 D．便于目的基因的表达
(5)按上述“基因靶向敲除”操作获得的小鼠其基因是杂合的，为更好地研究该动物细胞内靶基因的功能，人们想获得一个含纯合目的基因的个体，下一步该如何实验操作?
31．(本小题共14分，每空2分)科学家通过研究分析得知植物成熟叶中含有较多的脱落酸而不含细胞分裂素。进一步研究分析得知：脱落酸有抑制核酸、蛋白质的合成并提高核酸酶活性，从而促进核酸的降解，使叶片衰老；而细胞分裂素则抑制叶绿素、核酸和蛋白质的降解，抑制叶片衰老。所以在生产中可利用细胞分裂素作保鲜剂。请你设计一个实验证明细胞分裂素有延缓叶片衰老的作用。
(1)实验原理：叶绿素逐渐丧失是叶片衰老最明显的特点，离体叶片很快就会出现衰老的特点，因此本实验可通过 作为指标来检测细胞分裂素的作用。
(2)实验步骤：
第一步：选取 叶片若干，均分成两组，分别标记为甲、乙。
第二步：在甲组叶片的局部位置涂上一定浓度的细胞分裂素，乙组叶片 。
第三步：记录两组叶片失绿变黄的时间。请设计一表格，以便科学地记录数据。
(3)实验结果预测及结论：
命题人：谢德胜 李云松 胡长秀
审题人：王安民 林 莉 王利亚
2008级重庆市高三联合诊断性模拟考试（第二次）
高三年级月考英语试题
第Ⅰ卷
第一节：语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。
1．summer
A．unfortunate B．uncertain C．junior D．curriculum
2．design
A．resign B．definite C．innocent D．cigar
3．oral
A．innocent B．gold C．office D．commitment
4．tension
A．persuasion B．division C．revision D．discussion
5．doubt
A．double B．roundabout C．moustache D．trouble
第二节；语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
6．They have a church built by themselves last year, and a school attended by 36pupils,
they take great pride.
A．who B．on which C．which D．in which
7．The program was so exciting that the children kept their eyes on the screen.
A．to fix B．to be fixed C．fixed D．fixing
8．―How about joining us in the game?
―I’m sorry. I have an urgent matter to .
A．relate to B．appeal to C．attend to D．refer to
9．―You will be there tomorrow ― you won’t me down, will you?
―Of course not.
A．bring B．keep C．knock D．let
10．I’m not sure whether I will have anything else to do tomorrow. ,I will try every possible means to come to the party.
A．Besides B．Anyhow C．Therefore D．Instead
11．―Sunny day, isn’t it?
―Let’s hope the sunny weather for Saturday’s tennis match.
A．carries on B．breaks up C．keeps up D．gets on
12．Two hundred guests attended evening reception, held in honor of the Prime Minister’s visit.
A．an;an B．不填；不填 C．an;不填 D．不填;an
13．Steve was wearing a red silk shirt that didn’t him at all.
A．suit B．meet C．satisfy D．serve
14． ,the condition will eventually result in blindness.
A．If left untreated B．Unless left untreated
C．If leaving untreated D．Unless leaving untreated
15．The organization has made a to plant 5,000 trees in San Francisco.
A．wonder B．duty C．task D．commitment
16．―I’m going to Appleby tomorrow.
― I’m going up there, too.
A．What a surprise! B．What a chance!
C．What a coincidence! D．What a luck!
17．―What do you mean by saying that?
―When I said some students are lazy, I to you.
A．don’t refer B．wouldn’t refer
C．hadn’t referred D．wasn’t referring
18．Comrade Zhang, an old soldier, gave us a clear of the Long March at Yesterday’s meeting.
A．impression B．information C．account D．contribution
19．―Will you meet Mr. Smith next month?
―Yes, I’ll meet him I first met you.
A．in that B．in which C．the place where D．where
20．―Is this school some foreign friends visited the modern lab the other day?
―Yes, It is.
A．that B．in which C．the one that D．the one where
第三节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
I’ve spent most of my career as a traveling salesman, so I know that battling homesickness is an occupational hazard(职业病).But one year, my little girl Jeanine gave me the cure 21 for my homesickness.
It was a toy 22 ,which stood about five inches tall. 23 to its left wing was a little sign saying “I Love My Day!”
On my next 24 ,I threw the penguin in my suitcase. That night when I 25 home, Jeanine was 26 that the penguin had disappeared. “Honey, I 27 him along.” I explained on the phone.
From then on, the penguin came with me ?as 28 as my shaving kit and we made
friends 29 the way. Once a
customs agent at New York’s Kennedy Airport dug the penguin out of my suitcase
and, 30 it up, said, “That’s the most
One night, I discovered the penguin 33 ,and after several frantic(发疯的)phone calls, I learned I’d left it in my previous hotel room, 34 it had been 35 by a maid. I drove a hundred miles to get it, and when I arrived at midnight, the penguin was 36 at the front desk. In the lobby(大厅),tired business travelers looked on at the reunion, with a touch of (一点儿) 37 ,I think.
Jeanine is in college now, and I don’t travel as much. The penguin sits on my dresser, a 38 that love is a wonderful traveling 39 .All those years on the road, it was the one thing I 40 left home without.
21．A．suggestion B．medicine C．operation D．action
22．A．cat B．dog C．penguin D．dolphin
23．A．Attached B．Added C．Contributed D．Dolphin
24．A．programme B．conference C．interview D．trip
25．A．called B．left C．traveled D．flew
26．A．pleased B．upset C．frightened D．proud
27．A．drove B．sent C．brought D．lost
28．A．interesting B．important C．heavy D．troublesome
29．A．along B．behind C．at D．in
30．A．holding B．keeping C．wiping D．breaking
31．A．attractive B．harmful C．famous D．valuable
32．A．friendship B．love C．toys D．animals
33．A．following B．missing C．sticking D．hurting
34．A．which B．why C．where D．when
35．A．thrown B．sold C．rescued D．cleaned
36．A．waiting B．escaping C．dropping D．cheering
37．A．appreciation B．envy C．responsibility D．dislike
38．A．warning B．threat C．responsibility D．dislike
39．A．cost B．picture C．companion D．tool
40．A．usually B．always C．ever D．never
第二部分：阅读理解（共25小题。第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分）
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Lions are more animals called prides. Prides can be as small as 3 or family animals and truly social in their own communities. They usually live in groups of 15 or as big as 40 animals. In a pride, lions hunt prey, raise cubs(幼兽),and defend their territory together.
In prides the females do most of the hunting and raising of the cubs. Usually all of the females in the pride are related-mothers, daughters, grandmothers, and sisters.
Each pride will generally have no more than two adult males. While the females usually live with the pride for life, the males often stay for only two to four years. After that they go off on their own or are evicted(逐出)by other males who take over the pride.
When a new male becomes part of the pride, it is not unusual for him to kill all the cubs, ensuring that all future lions born in the pride will have his genes.
The main job of males in the pride is defending the pride’s territory. A male’s loud roar, usually heard after sunset, can carry as far as eight kilometers. The roar warns off intruders(入侵者)and help round up lost members of the pride.
Hunting is generally done in the dark by the females. They often hunt in groups of two or three. After the kill the males usually eat first, females next,and young lions get what’s left.
41．What is a pride?
A．a group of lions. B．A territory of lions.
C．A wildlife park. D．A large zoo.
42．Usually the number of lions in a pride varies .
A．form 15 to
40 B．form
C．form 3 to 15 D．from 15 to 50
43．Which of the following provide most of the labor?
A．The males. B．only the mothers.
C．The young lions. D．The females.
44．A male lion roars loudly to .
A．frighten its enemies B．help hunt prey
C．attract the females D．call for help
B
Wendy Gallegos writes "concer" on the board. One of her students raises her hand.
"Ms. Gallegos, you should have written 'conocer' instead," she said, referring to the Spanish verb for "to know".
Gallegos looks at the board, smiles and quickly erases her mistake.
"You see, I have taught you so well, you pick up on my mistakes," she said with a laugh.
To Gallegos, the scene in her classroom is typical of the children she teaches. Gallegos teaches high school Spanish. She became part of their lives and families for three years. She is willing to help her children succeed. After a couple of years, Gallegos' class becomes like home. Gallegos' Spanish class is taught mostly in English in sixth grade. By the time the students are eighth-graders, they are speaking fewer words of English and more of Spanish during the 50-minute classes.
"My goal is to get my kids to say something in Spanish every day." she said. "I want them to be able to talk to me. That's why I help them. I praise them. I recognize them when they do good work. And we have fun. The day I stop having fun is the day I am going to consider a different job. "
If a student needs
help, Gallegos offers the student a "lifesaver", which is help from a
classmate. The lifesaver gets a piece of candy as a reward. As the students said. "Gallegos'
class is anything but boring." It is because of Gallegos' efforts and determination that she is
the teacher who they think is most deserving of one of
"I don't teach a subject. I teach kids. This is what I was born to do." Gallegos said.
45.The scene in Gallegos' class is mentioned at the beginning of the passage to .
A. show Gallegos, as a teacher, makes a mistake
B. show her good teaching method in daily class
C. tell the relation between Gallegos and her students
D. point out the students' impolite behavior
46.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 implies that
A. Gallegos likes her job very much B. having fun is Gallgeos’ goal
C. Gallegos is considering changing her job D. teaching Spanish will not last long
47.What made Gallegos get Golden Apple Award?
A. Her interesting class B. Her determination in study.
C. Rewarding her students with prizes. D. Her efforts made to teach kids.
48.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Spanish classes with fun B. Golden Apple Awards
C. This is what I was born to do D. How to get along with kids
C
As a young ice skater, I had flown pretty high, pretty quickly. My partner and I won the Canadian junior pairs championship when I was 14. Later I was thrilled to be picked to skate in the 1994 Olympics in lillehammer, Norway. But then everything came crashing down.
We finished 12th at the Games. I soon quit doubles skating and tried to continue in singles. But I wasn't good enough; I didn't even compete in the next two national championships. I felt like I was a somebody who had become a nobody.
I was 18 and had just graduated from high school, when my mum told me, "You can't just depend on skating to make a living. You' d better find a job." I knew she was right. So I found a job at a restaurant where I waited tables and did anything else that needed to be done. In fact, I worked so hard that I had never got the chance to have a break. No one cared that I had been an Olympic skater; I was judged only by how hard I worked.
That job taught me so many things. I learned, for example, how to deal with people. As an athlete, this was new to me. One day a man loudly called me over to his table and complained, "This milk is sour. I am not drinking this junk! I want my money back! " It was near the end of my shift (班) and I wanted to tell him how rude I thought he was. But I had learned that "the customer is always right" and a smile can go a long way. "I'm really sorry, sir. I'll get you a free cup." I said with a smile. When I brought him his coffee, his attitude changed. And he left me a tip!
My first job taught me that it is important to do your best at anything you try. I knew nothing about being a waitress when 1 started my job but by the time I left when 1 decided to return to skating -- I had earned a raise and my boss's praise. They meant so much to me.
49.How did the author feel after she picked up singles skating?
A. Thrilled. B. Confident.
C. Disappointed. D. Proud.
50.What did the author do about the man's complaint?
A. She told him how rude he was. B. She gave his money back.
C. She asked her boss for help. D. She apologized with a smile.
51.We can learn from the passage that .
A. the author did very well at the 1994 Olympics
B. the author was successful as a young ice skater
C. the author didn't follow her mother's advice
D. the author gave up her skating career
52.The passage is mainly about .
A. the author's skating life B. a lesson from skating
C. the author's first job D. how to be a good waitress
D
Admire beautiful panoramic views(全景)of Florence and the surrounding area，as well as some of the most famous monuments of F1orence on one of two city tours.
Morning tour：
Travel along the romantic Viale dei Colli(科利林荫道)up to Piazzale Michelangelo(米开朗基罗广场)for a wonderful panorama of Florence―one of the most beautiful cities in the world．Then visit Academy Gallery and the famous Palatine Gallery，which contains some of the most important Italian artwork in the world. Complete your morning With a panoramic view of the Boboli Gardens and a guided tour of the Unique cathedral complex．
Price:
Adults f9&older) From$49．92 each
Children f2 to 8) From$24．95 each
Afternoon tour：
Start with a short journey to Fiesole，a delightful town of Etruscan origin positioned on the hills overlooking Florence and the into Valley．Venture into the Historic centre
of Florence for a guided tour of the Franciscan Church of Santa Croce where you Can see the tombs of Michelangelo，Machiavelli，Galileo，Rossini，and other famous Italian citizens．End your afternoon with a stop at the Uffizi Gallery．
Price：
Adults f9&older) From$49．92 each
Children(2 to 8) From$24．95 each
Duration：
3 hours
Departure time:
Morning tour：9：30 AM
Afternoon tour：2：30 PM
Return time：
Morning tour：12：30 PM
Afternoon tour：5：30 PM
Note：
The Cathedral cannot be visited on Sundays or National Holidays． Should Academy Gallery be closed outside of its scheduled closing(other than Monday)，the tourists will visit the archaeological site of the Roman Theatre of Fiesole and Piazza Signoria．
53．In which of the following places would you expect to see Works of famous Italian artists?
A．Academy Gallery． B．The Uffizi Gallery．
C．Palatine Gallery． D．The Boboli Gardens．
54．What will tourists do at the end of the morning tour?
A．Visit Piazzale Michelangelo． B．Visit Academy Gallery．
C．Visit Palatine Gallery． D．Visit a cathedral complex．
55．HOW much would they pay if a couple and their nine-year-old son have a morning tour?
A．At least$149．92． B.At least$149．76．
C．At most$99．85． D．At most $149．76．
56．How many places will tourists visit during the afternoon tour?
A．TWO． B．Three．
C．Four． D．Five．
E
In the past I found myself under the impression that if I reached certain goals, or succeeded in doing certain things then happiness would follow―in the short term I'll admit that it often did.
The problem was that
over time I realized that I wanted more-I wanted to feel joy on a more constant
basis. I didn't want it to be
something
Fortunately I've come to the realization that for the most part I can choose to be happy on a daily basis. In order to do this at times it may even mean faking it-better yet, forcing the feelings Until the genuine happiness and gratefulness sets in.
I've found that something as simple as smiling, can do wonders to help me see that I have in me the ability to choose to be happy.
I'd strongly encourage you to take breaks during the day to think about those happy memories that you've collected in your life.
Deciding to move forward and choosing happiness over sorrow is a tough choice. Sometimes you may feel as though you are fighting an uphill battle. At other times it will seem that the dark clouds may never give way to the sunshine, It is at those very moments that we have to remind ourselves that somewhere among whatever chaos (混乱) may surround us -- we still have the choice to decide on happiness.
57. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Goals and happiness B. Choose to be happy
C. What is happiness D. Success and happiness
58. In Paragraph 2, the author intends to .
A. describe his experience of achieving success
B. tell that you can't be happy unless you succeed
C. seek happiness on a more regular basis
D.explain success doesn't mean true happiness
59. What does the underlined word "genuine" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. True. B. Permanent.
C. Simple. D. Unexpected.
60.The author suggests all of the following ways of creating feelings of happiness EXCEPT .
A. trying to be happy every day B. actively choosing happiness
C. setting goals that one can achieve D. thinking about happy memories
第二节：根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。E涂AB，F涂AC，G涂AD。
--I heard that you were a mountain climber before 61 .
--Sure.
When mountain climbing in
--So what happened? 62
--Yes, but we were very sick. I couldn't move my legs because of the cold. I spent two months in the hospital. 63__
--Right. So you lost your legs, but you wanted to try your best to stay alive.
--That's right. In fact, I decided to make some new legs for myself. 64 We could use modern technology to help us.
--And you built these great new legs. 65
--Yes, I can. In fact, these are better than climb shoes. The spring design means they are much more powerful.
A. Can you go mountain climbing again?
B. Sometimes I also had the idea to be a mountain climber again.
C. I guess someone found you, right?
D. The doctors removed my legs.
E. What' s the reason that you gave up this sport?
F. I realized that no one has to be physically disabled.
G. Are you fond of this sport?
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：写作（共三节，满分55分）
第一节：单词拼写（共10题；每小题1分）
66．The businessman has (捐赠)a lot of money to the hospital.
67．I often go to dinner with my (同事)after work.
68．What the teacher said made the children (使兴奋).
69．During the first few moths everything went (顺利地).
70．His classmates (祝贺)him on winning the race.
71． (不幸地),she didn’t pass the driving test yesterday afternoon.
72．We spent hours on the phone to tell people the party was (取消).
73．Children must learn to be (体贴的)to others.
74．The house we bought just yesterday is well (用家具布置).
75．The offer only (应用)to flights from London to Manchester.
第二节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Dear Editor，
My name is called Zhang Hong．I am a middle school 76.
student．When I go to school every day，I can see a lot 77.
sellers outside our school walls sell vegetables，fruits，fish，78.
meat and SO on．Some even make dishes in the opening air． 79.
They often shout at the top of their voices in order draw 80.
people’s attention．We could hear the noises in the classroom 81.
and cannot concentrate On our lessons．Beside．they 82.
make the streets dirt．smelly and crowded．What a shame! 83.
How we want to get the situation improved and have our 84.
1essons in a quiet place! That’s how I write to you for help! 85.
Best wishes，
Yours，
Zhang Hong
第三节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你叫李华，是一名高三学生。自从进入高三以后，你发现部分同学晚上学习到很晚，而且边学习边吃零食或喝可乐，早上则由于起床太晚而不吃早餐，你认为这样会对身体有害。请你根据这种现象，给《英语周报》写封信。
注意：1、词数：100左右；
2、开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
I am a high school student who will graduate nest year.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
高三年级月考英语答题纸
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：写作（共三节，满分55分）
第一节：单词拼写（共10题；每小题1分）
66． (捐赠) 67． (同事)
68． (使兴奋) 69． (顺利地)
70． (祝贺) 71． (不幸地)
72． (取消) 73． (体贴的)
74． (用家具布置) 75． (应用)
第二节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Dear Editor，
My name is called Zhang Hong．I am a middle school 76.
student．When I go to school every day，I can see a lot 77.
sellers outside our school walls sell vegetables，fruits，fish， 78.
meat and SO on．Some even make dishes in the opening air． 79.
They often shout at the top of their voices in order draw 80.
people’s attention．We could hear the noises in the classroom 81.
and cannot concentrate On our lessons．Beside．they 82.
make the streets dirt．smelly and crowded．What a shame! 83.
How we want to get the situation improved and have our 84.
1essons in a quiet place! That’s how I write to you for help! 85.
Best wishes，
Yours，
Zhang Hong
第三节：书面表达（满分25分）
Dear Editor,
I am a high school student who will graduate nest year.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
云南省昆明市2007―2008学年度高三教学质量检测试题
理科综合能力测试
本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分300分，考试用时150分钟。
第I卷（选择题，共126分）
可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 O 16
本卷共21小题，每小题6分，共126分。
海 淀 区 高 三 年 级 第 二 学 期 期 中 练 习
语 文 2008.4
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷两部分。第Ⅰ卷1至4页，第Ⅱ卷5至10页，共150
分。考试时间150分钟。
注意事项：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名填写清楚。
2．第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需
改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能填在试卷上。
3．第Ⅱ卷的所有答案均答在答题卡的相应位置上。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共30分)