劝学 《荀子》
君子曰：学不可以已。
青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝；冰，水为之，而寒于水。木直中绳，?以为轮，其曲中规。虽有槁暴，不复挺者，?使之然也。故木受绳则直，金就砺则利，君子博学而日参省乎己，则知明而行无过矣。
吾尝终日而思矣，不如须臾之所学也；吾尝?而望矣，不如登高之博见也。登高而招，臂非加长也，而见者远；顺风而呼，声非加疾也，而闻者彰。假舆马者，非利足也，而致千里；假舟楫者，非能水也，而绝江河。君子生非异也，善假于物也。
积土成山，风雨兴焉；积水成渊，蛟龙生焉；积善成德，而神明自得，圣心备焉。故不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海。骐骥一跃，不能十步；驽马十驾，功在不舍。锲而舍之，朽木不折；锲而不舍，金石可镂。蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强，上食埃土，下饮黄泉，用心一也。蟹六跪而二螯，非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者，用心躁也。
过秦论 贾谊
及至始皇，奋六世之余烈，振长策而御宇内，吞二周而亡诸侯，履至尊而制六合，执敲扑而鞭笞天下，威振四海。南取百越之地，以为桂林、象郡；百越之君，俯首系颈，委命下吏。乃使蒙恬北筑长城而守藩篱，却匈奴七百余里；胡人不敢南下而牧马，士不敢弯弓而报怨。于是废先王之道，焚百家之言，以愚黔首；隳名城，杀豪杰；收天下之兵，聚之咸阳，销锋镝，铸以为金人十二，以弱天下之民。然后践华为城，因河为池，据亿丈之城，临不测之渊，以为固。良将劲弩守要害之处，信臣精卒陈利兵而谁何。天下已定，始皇之心，自以为关中之固，金城千里，子孙帝王万世之业也。
始皇既没，余威震于殊俗。然陈涉瓮牖绳枢之子，氓隶之人，而迁徙之徒也；才能不及中人，非有仲尼、墨翟之贤，陶朱、猗顿之富；蹑足行伍之间，而倔起阡陌之中，率疲弊之卒，将数百之众，转而攻秦；斩木为兵，揭竿为旗，天下云集响应，赢粮而景从。山东豪俊遂并起而亡秦族矣。
且夫天下非小弱也，雍州之地，崤函之固，自若也。陈涉之位，非尊于齐、楚、燕、赵、韩、魏、宋、卫、中山之君也；锄麻棘矜，非?于钩戟长铩也；谪戍之众，非抗于九国之师也；深谋远虑，行军用兵之道，非及向时之士也。然而成败异变，功业相反也。试使山东之国与陈涉度长藉大，比权量力，则不可同年而语矣。然秦以区区之地，致万乘之势，序八州而朝同列，百有余年矣；然后以六合为家，崤函为宫；一夫作难而七庙隳，身死人手，为天下笑者，何也？仁义不施而攻守之势异也。
师说 韩愈
古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道受业解惑也。人非生而知之者，孰能无惑？惑而不从师，其为惑也，终不解矣。生乎吾前，其闻道也固先乎吾，吾从而师之；生乎吾后，其闻道也亦先乎吾，吾从而师之。吾师道也，夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎？是故无贵无贱，无长无少，道之所存，师之所存也。
嗟乎！师道之不传也久矣！欲人之无惑也难矣！古之圣人，其出人也远矣，犹且从师而问焉；今之众人，其下圣人也亦远矣，而耻学于师。是故圣益圣，愚益愚。圣人之所以为圣，愚人之所以为愚，其皆出于此乎？爱其子，择师而教之；于其身也，则耻师焉，惑矣。彼童子之师，授之书而习其句读者，非吾所谓传其道解其惑者也。句读之不知，惑之不解，或师焉，或不焉，小学而大遗，吾未见其明也。巫医乐师百工之人，不耻相师。士大夫之族，曰师曰弟子云者，则群聚而笑之。问之，则曰：“彼与彼年相若也，道相似也，位卑则足羞，官盛则近谀。”呜呼！师道之不复，可知矣。巫医乐师百工之人，君子不齿，今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也欤！
圣人无常师。孔子师郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃。郯子之徒，其贤不及孔子。孔子曰：三人行，则必有我师。是故弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子，闻道有先后，术业有专攻，如是而已。
李氏子蟠，年十七，好古文，六艺经传皆通习之，不拘于时，学于余。余嘉其能行古道，作《师说》以贻之。
阿房宫赋 杜牧
六王毕，四海一，蜀山兀，阿房出。覆压三百余里，隔离天日。骊山北构而西折，直走咸阳。二川溶溶，流入宫墙。五步一楼，十步一阁；廊腰缦回，檐牙高啄；各抱地势，钩心斗角。盘盘焉，??焉，蜂房水涡，矗不知其几千万落。长桥卧波，未云何龙？复道行空，不霁何虹？高低冥迷，不知西东。歌台暖响，春光融融；舞殿冷袖，风雨凄凄。一日之内，一宫之间，而气候不齐。
妃嫔媵嫱，王子皇孙，辞楼下殿，辇来于秦。朝歌夜弦，为秦宫人。明星荧荧，开妆镜也；绿云扰扰，梳晓鬟也；渭流涨腻，弃脂水也；烟斜雾横，焚椒兰也。雷霆乍惊，宫车过也；
辘辘远听，杳不知其所之也。一肌一容，尽态极妍，缦立远视，而望幸焉；有不得见者三十六年。燕赵之收藏，韩魏之经营，齐楚之精英，几世几年，剽掠其人，倚叠如山；一旦不能有，输来其间。鼎铛玉石，金块珠砾，弃掷逦迤，秦人视之，亦不甚惜。
嗟乎！一人之心，千万人之心也。秦爱纷奢，人亦念其家。奈何取之尽锱铢，用之如泥沙？使负栋之柱，多于南亩之农夫；架梁之椽，多于机上之工女；钉头磷磷，多于在庾之粟粒；瓦缝参差，多于周身之帛缕；直栏横槛，多于九土之城郭；管弦呕哑，多于市人之言语。使天下之人，不敢言而敢怒。独夫之心，日益骄固。戍卒叫，函谷举，楚人一炬，可怜焦土！
呜呼！灭六国者六国也，非秦也；族秦者秦也，非天下也。嗟夫！使六国各爱其人，则足以拒秦；使秦复爱六国之人，则递三世可至万世而为君，谁得而族灭也？秦人不暇自哀，而后人哀之；后人哀之而不鉴之，亦使后人而复哀后人也。
六国论 苏洵
六国破灭，非兵不利，战不善，弊在赂秦。赂秦而力亏，破灭之道也。或曰：六国互丧，率赂秦耶？曰：不赂者以赂者丧。盖失强援，不能独完。故曰弊在赂秦也。
秦以攻取之外，小则获邑，大则得城。较秦之所得，与战胜而得者，其实百倍；诸侯之所亡，与战败而亡者，其实亦百倍。则秦之所大欲，诸侯之所大患，固不在战矣。思厥先祖父，暴霜露，斩荆棘，以有尺寸之地。子孙视之不甚惜，举以予人，如弃草芥。今日割五城，明日割十城，然后得一夕安寝。起视四境，而秦兵又至矣。然则诸侯之地有限，暴秦之欲无厌，奉之弥繁，侵之愈急。故不战而强弱胜负已判矣。至于颠覆，理固宜然。古人云：“以地事秦，犹抱薪救火，薪不尽，火不灭。”此言得之。
齐人未尝赂秦，终继五国迁灭，何哉？与嬴而不助五国也。五国既丧，齐亦不免矣。燕赵之君，始有远略，能守其土，义不赂秦。是故燕虽小国而后亡，斯用兵之效也。至丹以荆卿为计，始速祸焉。赵尝五战于秦，二败而三胜。后秦击赵者再，李牧连却之。洎牧以谗诛，邯郸为郡，惜其用武而不终也。且燕赵处秦革灭殆尽之际，可谓智力孤危，战败而亡，诚不得已。向使三国各爱其地，齐人勿附于秦，刺客不行，良将犹在，则胜负之数，存亡之理，当与秦相较，或未易量。
呜呼！以赂秦之地封天下之谋臣，以事秦之心礼天下之奇才，并力西向，则吾恐秦人食之不得下咽也。悲夫！有如此之势，而为秦人积威之所劫，日削月割，以趋于亡。为国者无使为积威之所劫哉！
夫六国与秦皆诸侯，其势弱于秦，而犹有可以不赂而胜之之势。苟以天下之大，而从六国破亡之故事，是又在六国下矣。
游褒禅山记 王安石
其下平旷，有泉侧出，而记游者甚众，――所谓前洞也。由山以上五六里，有穴窈然，入之甚寒，问其深，则其好游者不能穷也，――谓之后洞。余与四人拥火以入，入之愈深，其进愈难，而其见愈奇。有怠而欲出者，曰：“不出，火且尽。”遂与之俱出。盖余所至，比好游者尚不能十一，然视其左右，来而记之者已少。盖其又深，则其至又加少矣。方是时，余之力尚足以入，火尚足以明也。既其出，则或咎其欲出者，而余亦悔其随之而不得极夫游之乐也。
于是余有叹焉。古人之观于天地、山川、草木、虫鱼、鸟兽，往往有得，以其求思之深而无不在也。夫夷以近，则游者众；险以远，则至者少。而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观，常在于险远，而人之所罕至焉，故非有志者不能至也。有志矣，不随以止也，然力不足者，亦不能至也。有志与力，而又不随以怠，至于幽暗昏惑而无物以相之，亦不能至也。然力足以至焉，于人为可讥，而在己为有悔；尽吾志也而不能至者，可以无悔矣，其孰能讥之乎？此余之所得也。
石钟山记 苏轼
《水经》云：“彭蠡之口有石钟山焉。”郦元以为下临深潭，微风鼓浪，水石相搏，声如洪钟。是说也，人常疑之。今以钟磬置水中，虽大风浪不能鸣也，而况石乎！至唐李渤始访其遗踪，得双石于潭上，扣而聆之，南声函胡，北音清越，桴止响腾，余韵徐歇。自以为得之矣。然是说也，余尤疑之。石之铿然有声者，所在皆是也，而此独以钟名，何哉？
元丰七年六月丁丑，余自齐安舟行适临汝，而长子迈将赴饶之德兴尉，送之至湖口，因得观所谓石钟者。寺僧使小童持斧，于乱石间择其一二扣之，??焉，余固笑而不信也。至莫夜月明，独与迈乘小舟，至绝壁下。大石侧立千尺，如猛兽奇鬼，森然欲搏人；而山上栖鹘，闻人声亦惊起，磔磔云霄间；又有若老人咳且笑于山谷中者，或曰此鹳鹤也。余方心动欲还，而大声发于水上，噌?如钟鼓不绝。舟人大恐。徐而察之，则山下皆石穴罅，不知其浅深，微波入焉，涵淡澎湃而为此也。舟回至两山间，将入港口，有大石当中流，可坐百人，空中而多窍，与风水相吞吐，有刚坎镗硐之声，与向之噌?者相应，如乐作焉。因笑谓迈曰：“汝识之乎？噌?者，周景王之无射也，刚坎镗硐者，魏庄子之歌钟也。古之人不余欺也！”
事不目见耳闻，而臆断其有无，可乎？郦元之所见闻，殆与余同，而言之不详；士大夫终不肯以小舟夜泊绝壁之下，故莫能知；而渔工水师虽知而不能言。此世所以不传也。而陋者乃以斧斤考击而求之，自以为得其实。余是以记之，盖叹郦元之简，而笑李渤之陋也。
前赤壁赋 苏轼
壬戌之秋，七月既望，苏子与客泛舟游于赤壁之下。清风徐来，水波不兴。举酒属客，诵明月之诗，歌窈窕之章。少焉，月出于东山之上，徘徊于斗牛之间。白露横江，水光接天。纵一苇之所如，凌万顷之茫然。浩浩乎如冯虚御风，而不知其所止；飘飘乎如遗世独立，羽化而登仙。
于是饮酒乐甚，扣舷而歌之。歌曰：“桂棹兮兰桨，击空明兮溯流光。渺渺兮予怀，望美人兮天一方。”客有吹洞箫者，倚歌而和之，其声呜呜然：如怨如慕，如泣如诉；余音袅袅，不绝如缕；舞幽壑之潜蛟，泣孤舟之嫠妇。
苏子愀然，正襟危坐，而问客曰：“何为其然也？”客曰：“月明星稀，乌鹊南飞，此非曹孟德之诗乎？西望夏口，东望武昌。山川相缪，郁乎苍苍；此非孟德之困于周郎者乎？方其破荆州，下江陵，顺流而东也，舳舻千里，旌旗蔽空，酾酒临江，横槊赋诗；固一世之雄也，而今安在哉？况吾与子渔樵于江渚之上，侣鱼虾而友麋鹿，驾一叶之扁舟，举匏樽以相属；寄蜉蝣于天地，渺沧海之一粟。哀吾生之须臾，羡长江之无穷；挟飞仙以遨游，抱明月而长终；知不可乎骤得，托遗响于悲风。”
苏子曰：“客亦知夫水与月乎？逝者如斯，而未尝往也；盈虚者如彼，而卒莫消长也。盖将自其变者而观之，而天地曾不能以一瞬；自其不变者而观之，则物与我皆无尽也。而又何羡乎？且夫天地之间，物各有主。苟非吾之所有，虽一毫而莫取。惟江上之清风，与山间之明月，耳得之而为声，目遇之而成色。取之无禁，用之不竭。是造物者之无尽藏也，而吾与子之所共适。”
客喜而笑，洗盏更酌，肴核既尽，杯盘狼籍。相与枕藉乎舟中，不知东方之既白。
邹忌讽齐王纳谏 战国策
邹忌修八尺有余，而形貌?丽。朝服衣冠，窥镜，谓其妻曰：“我孰与城北徐公美？”其妻曰：“君美甚，徐公何能及君也！”城北徐公，齐国之美丽者也。忌不自信，而复问其妾曰：“吾孰与徐公美？”妾曰：“徐公何能及君也？”旦日，客从外来，与坐谈，问之客曰：“吾与徐公孰美？”客曰：“徐公不若君之美也。”明日，徐公来，孰视之，自以为不如；窥镜而自视，又弗如远甚。暮寝而思之，曰：“吾妻之美我者，私我也；妾之美我者，畏我也；客之美我者，欲有求于我也。”
于是入朝见威王，曰：“臣诚知不如徐公美。臣之妻私臣，臣之妾畏臣，臣之客欲有求于臣，皆以美于徐公。今齐地方千里，百二十城，宫妇左右莫不私王，朝廷之臣莫不畏王，四境之内莫不有求于王：由此观之，王之蔽甚矣！”
王曰：“善。”乃下令：“群臣吏民，能面刺寡人之过者，受上赏；上书谏寡人者，受中赏；能谤讥于市朝，闻寡人之耳者，受下赏。”令初下，群臣进谏，门庭若市；数月之后，时时而间进；期年之后，虽欲言，无可进者。
燕、赵、韩、魏闻之，皆朝于齐。此所谓战胜于朝廷。
归去来兮辞 陶渊明
归去来兮，田园将芜胡不归！既自以心为形役，奚惆怅而独悲？悟已往之不谏，知来者之可追。实迷途其未远，觉今是而昨非。
舟遥遥以轻矧，风飘飘而吹衣。问征夫以前路，恨晨光之熹微。乃瞻衡宇，载欣载奔。僮仆欢迎，稚子候门。三径就荒，松菊犹存。携幼入室，有酒盈樽。引壶觞以自酌，眄庭柯以怡颜。倚南窗以寄傲，审容膝之易安。园日涉以成趣，门虽设而常关。策扶老以流憩，时矫首而遐观。云无心以出岫，鸟倦飞而知还。景翳翳以将入，抚孤松而盘桓。
归去来兮，请息交以绝游。世与我而相违，复驾言兮焉求！悦亲戚之情话，乐琴书以消忧。农人告余以春及，将有事于西畴。或命巾车，或棹孤舟。既窈窕以寻壑，亦崎岖而经丘。木欣欣以向荣，泉涓涓而始流。善万物之得时，感吾生之行休。
已矣乎！寓形宇内复几时，曷不委心任去留？胡为乎遑遑欲何之？富贵非吾愿，帝乡不可期。怀良辰以孤往，或植杖而耘耔。登东皋以舒啸，临清流而赋诗。聊乘化以归尽，乐夫天命复奚疑！
氓 《诗经》
氓之蚩蚩，抱布贸丝。匪来贸丝，来即我谋。送子涉淇，至于顿丘。匪我愆期，子无良媒。将子无怒，秋以为期。
乘彼?垣，以望复关。不见复关，泣涕涟涟。既见复关，载笑载言。尔卜尔筮，体无咎言。以尔车来，以我贿迁。
桑之未落，其叶沃若。于嗟鸠兮，无食桑葚！于嗟女兮，无与士耽！士之耽兮，犹可说也。女之耽兮，不可说也！
桑之落矣，其黄而陨。自我徂尔，三岁食贫。淇水汤汤，渐车帷裳。女也不爽，士贰其行。士也罔极，二三其德。
三岁为妇，靡室劳矣。夙兴夜寐，靡有朝矣。言既遂矣，至于暴矣。兄弟不知，?其笑矣。静言思之，躬自悼矣。
及尔偕老，老使我怨。淇则有岸，隰则有泮。总角之宴，言笑晏晏。信誓旦旦，不思其反。反是不思，亦已焉哉！
短歌行 曹操
对酒当歌，人生几何？ 譬如朝露，去日苦多。 慨当以慷，忧思难忘。 何以解忧？唯有杜康。 青青子衿，悠悠我心。 但为君故，沉吟至今。 呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。 我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。 明明如月，何时可掇？ 忧从中来，不可断绝。 越陌度阡，枉用相存。 契阔谈?，心念旧恩。 月明星稀，乌鹊南飞， 绕树三匝，何枝可依？ 山不厌高，海不厌深。 周公吐哺，天下归心。
归园田居 陶渊明
少无适俗韵，性本爱丘山。误落尘网中，一去三十年。
羁鸟恋旧林，池鱼思故渊。开荒南野际，守拙归园田。方宅十余亩，草屋八九间。榆柳荫后檐，桃李罗堂前。暧暧远人村，依依墟里烟。狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠。
户庭无尘杂，虚室有余闲。久在樊笼里，复得返自然。
孔雀东南飞 《玉台新咏》
鸡鸣外欲曙，新妇起严妆。著我绣夹裙，事事四五通。足下蹑丝履，头上玳瑁光。腰若流纨素，耳著明月?。指如削葱根，口如含朱丹。纤纤作细步，精妙世无双。
上堂拜阿母，阿母怒不止。“昔作女儿时，生小出野里，本自无教训，兼愧贵家子。受母钱帛多，不堪母驱使。今日还家去，念母劳家里。”却与小姑别，泪落连珠子。“新妇初来时，小姑始扶床；今日被驱遣，小姑如我长。勤心养公姥，好自相扶将。初七及下九，嬉戏莫相忘。”出门登车去，涕落百余行。
府吏马在前，新妇车在后，隐隐何甸甸，俱会大道口。下马入车中，低头共耳语：“誓不相隔卿，且暂还家去；吾今且赴府，不久当还归，誓天不相负！”
新妇谓府吏：“感君区区怀！君既若见录，不久望君来。君当作磐石，妾当作蒲苇，蒲苇纫如丝，磐石无转移。我有亲父兄，性行暴如雷，恐不任我意，逆以煎我怀。”举手长劳劳，二情同依依。
山居秋暝 王维
空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。明月松间照，清泉石上流。竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟。随意春芳歇，王孙自可留。
梦游天姥吟留别 李白
海客谈瀛洲，烟涛微茫信难求；越人语天姥，云霞明灭或可睹。天姥连天向天横，势拔五岳掩赤城。天台一万八千丈，对此欲倒东南倾。
我欲因之梦吴越，一夜飞度镜湖月。湖月照我影，送我至剡溪。谢公宿处今尚在，渌水荡漾清猿啼。脚著谢公屐，身登青云梯。半壁见海日，空中闻天鸡。千岩万转路不定，迷花倚石忽已暝。熊咆龙吟殷岩泉，栗深林兮惊层巅。云青青兮欲雨，水澹澹兮生烟。列缺霹雳，丘峦崩摧。洞天石扉，訇然中开。青冥浩荡不见底，日月照耀金银台。霓为衣兮风为马，
世间行乐亦如此，古来万事东流水。
将进酒 jxfz0056_0141_0 李白
君不见黄河之水天上来，奔流到海不复回。君不见高堂明镜悲白发，朝如青丝暮成雪。人生得意须尽欢，莫使金樽空对月。天生我材必有用，千金散尽还复来。烹羊宰牛jxfz0056_0141_1且为乐，会须jxfz0056_0141_2一饮三百杯。
岑夫子jxfz0056_0141_3，丹丘生jxfz0056_0141_4，将进酒，杯莫停。与君歌一曲，请君为我倾耳听：钟鼓馔玉jxfz0056_0141_5不足贵，但愿长醉不复醒。古来圣贤皆寂寞jxfz0056_0141_6，惟有饮者留其名。陈王昔时宴平乐jxfz0056_0141_7，斗酒十千恣欢谑jxfz0056_0141_8。主人何为jxfz0056_0141_9言少钱，径须沽取jxfz0056_0141_10对君酌。五花马jxfz0056_0141_11，千金裘，呼儿将jxfz0056_0141_12出换美酒，与尔同销万古愁。
旅夜书怀 杜甫jxfz0056_0146_7
细草微风岸，危樯jxfz0056_0146_8独夜舟。星垂平野阔jxfz0056_0146_9，月涌大江流。名岂文章著jxfz0056_0146_10，官应老病休jxfz0056_0146_11。飘飘何所似，天地一沙鸥。
登高 杜甫
风急天高猿啸哀，渚清沙白鸟飞回。
无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来。
万里悲秋常作客，百年多病独登台。
艰难苦恨繁霜鬓，潦倒新停浊酒杯。
兵车行 jxfz0056_0143_0 杜甫
车辚辚jxfz0056_0143_1，马萧萧jxfz0056_0143_2，行人jxfz0056_0143_3弓箭各在腰。耶娘妻子jxfz0056_0143_4走相送，尘埃不见咸阳桥jxfz0056_0143_5。牵衣顿足拦道哭，哭声直上干jxfz0056_0143_6云霄。
道旁过者问行人，行人但云点行频jxfz0056_0143_7。或从十五北防河jxfz0056_0143_8，便至四十西营田jxfz0056_0143_9。去时里正与裹头jxfz0056_0143_10，归来头白还戍边。边庭jxfz0056_0143_11流血成海水，武皇jxfz0056_0143_12开边jxfz0056_0143_13意未已。君不闻汉家山东二百州jxfz0056_0143_14，千村</PGN0143.TXT/PGN>万落生荆杞jxfz0056_0144_0。纵有健妇把锄犁，禾生陇亩jxfz0056_0144_1无东西jxfz0056_0144_2。况复秦兵耐苦战jxfz0056_0144_3，被驱不异犬与鸡。
长者jxfz0056_0144_4虽有问，役夫敢伸恨jxfz0056_0144_5？且如今年冬，未休关西卒。县官jxfz0056_0144_6急索租，租税从何出？信知jxfz0056_0144_7生男恶，反是生女好。生女犹得嫁比邻jxfz0056_0144_8，生男埋没随百草。君不见青海头jxfz0056_0144_9，古来白骨无人收，新鬼烦冤jxfz0056_0144_10旧鬼哭，天阴雨湿声啾啾。
石头城 刘禹锡
山围故国周遭在，潮打空城寂寞回。
淮水东边旧时月，夜深还过女墙来。
鹊桥仙 秦观
纤云弄巧，飞星传恨，银汉迢迢暗度。金风玉露一相逢，便胜却人间无数。 柔情似水，佳期如梦，忍顾鹊桥归路，两情若是久长时，又岂在朝朝暮暮！
蜀道难 李白
噫吁?，危乎高哉！蜀道之难，难于上青天。蚕丛及鱼凫，开国何茫然。尔来四万八千岁，不与秦塞通人烟。西当太白有鸟道，可以横绝峨眉巅。地崩山摧壮士死，然后天梯石栈相钩连。上有六龙回日之高标，下有冲波逆折之回川。黄鹤之飞尚不得过，猿猱欲度愁攀援。青泥何盘盘，百步九折萦岩峦。扪参历井仰胁息，以手抚膺坐长叹。
问君西游何时还？畏途?岩不可攀。但见悲鸟号古木，雄飞雌从绕林间。又闻子规啼夜月，愁空山。蜀道之难，难于上青天，使人听此凋朱颜。连峰去天不盈尺，枯松倒挂倚绝壁。飞湍瀑流争喧刭，虫崖转石万壑雷。其险也如此，嗟尔远道之人，胡为乎来哉！
剑阁峥嵘而崔嵬，一夫当关，万夫莫开。所守或匪亲，化为狼与豺。朝避猛虎，夕避长蛇。磨牙吮血，杀人如麻。锦城虽云乐，不如早还家。蜀道之难，难于上青天，侧身西望长咨嗟！
迢迢牵牛星 古诗十九首
迢迢牵牛星，皎皎河汉女。纤纤擢素手，札札弄机杼。 终日不成章，泣涕零如雨。
河汉清且浅，相去复几许？ 盈盈一水间，脉脉不得语。
秋词 刘禹锡
自古逢秋悲寂寥，我言秋日胜春朝。
晴空一鹤排云上，便引诗情到碧霄。
山明水净夜来霜，数树深红出浅黄。
试上高楼清入骨，岂知秋色嗾人狂。
琵琶行 白居易
元和十年，予左迁九江郡司马。明年秋，送客湓浦口，闻舟中夜弹琵琶者，听其音，铮铮然有京都声。问其人，本长安倡女，尝学琵琶于穆、曹二善才，年长色衰，委身为贾人妇。遂命酒，使快弹数曲。曲罢悯然，自叙少小时欢乐事，今漂沦憔悴，转徙于江湖间。
予出官二年，恬然自安，感斯人言，是夕始觉有迁谪意。因为长句，歌以赠之，凡六百一十六言，命曰《琵琶行》。
浔阳江头夜送客，枫叶荻花秋瑟瑟。
主人下马客在船，举酒欲饮无管弦。
醉不成欢惨将别，别时茫茫江浸月。
忽闻水上琵琶声，主人忘归客不发。
寻声暗问弹者谁？琵琶声停欲语迟。
移船相近邀相见，添酒回灯重开宴。
千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面。
转轴拨弦三两声，未成曲调先有情。
弦弦掩抑声声思，似诉平生不得志。
低眉信手续续弹，说尽心中无限事。
轻拢慢捻抹复挑，初为《霓裳》后《六幺》。
大弦嘈嘈如急雨，小弦切切如私语。
嘈嘈切切错杂弹，大珠小珠落玉盘。
间关莺语花底滑，幽咽泉流冰下难。
冰泉冷涩弦凝绝，凝绝不通声暂歇。
别有幽愁暗恨生，此时无声胜有声。
银瓶乍破水浆迸，铁骑突出刀枪鸣。
曲终收拨当心画，四弦一声如裂帛。
东船西舫悄无言，唯见江心秋月白。
沉吟放拨插弦中，整顿衣裳起敛容。
自言本是京城女，家在虾蟆陵下住。
十三学得琵琶成，名属教坊第一部。
曲罢曾教善才服，妆成每被秋娘妒。
五陵年少争缠头，一曲红绡不知数。
钿头银篦击节碎，血色罗裙翻酒污。
今年欢笑复明年，秋月春风等闲度。
弟走从军阿姨死，暮去朝来颜色故。
门前冷落鞍马稀，老大嫁作商人妇。
商人重利轻别离，前月浮梁买茶去。
去来江口守空船，绕船月明江水寒。
夜深忽梦少年事，梦啼妆泪红阑干。
我闻琵琶已叹息，又闻此语重唧唧。
同是天涯沦落人，相逢何必曾相识！
我从去年辞帝京，谪居卧病浔阳城。
浔阳地僻无音乐，终岁不闻丝竹声。
住近湓江地低湿，黄芦苦竹绕宅生。
其间旦暮闻何物？杜鹃啼血猿哀鸣。
春江花朝秋月夜，往往取酒还独倾。
岂无山歌与村笛，呕哑嘲哳难为听。
今夜
莫辞更坐弹一曲，为君翻作《琵琶行》。
感我此言良久立，却坐促弦弦转急。
凄凄不似向前声，满座重闻皆掩泣。
座中泣下谁最多？江州司马青衫湿。
李凭箜篌引 李贺
吴丝蜀桐张高秋，空山凝云颓不流。
江娥啼竹素女愁，李凭中国弹箜篌。
昆山玉碎凤凰叫，芙蓉泣露香兰笑。
十二门前融冷光，二十三丝动紫皇。
女娲炼石补天处，石破天惊逗秋雨。
梦入神山教神妪，老鱼跳波瘦蛟舞。
吴质不眠倚桂树，露脚斜飞湿寒兔。
过华清宫绝句 杜牧
长安回望绣成堆，山顶千门次第开。
一骑红尘妃子笑，无人知是荔枝来。
锦瑟 李商隐
锦瑟无端五十弦，一弦一柱思华年。
庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶，望帝春心托杜鹃。
沧海月明珠有泪，蓝田日暖玉生烟。
此情可待成追忆，只是当时已惘然。
雨霖铃 柳永
寒蝉凄切，对长亭晚，骤雨初歇。都门帐饮无绪，留恋处，兰舟催发。执手相看泪眼，竟无语凝噎。念去去，千里烟波，暮霭沉沉楚天阔。 多情自古伤离别，更那堪冷落清秋节！今宵酒醒何处？杨柳岸晓风残月。此去经年，应是良辰好景虚设。便纵有千种风情，更与何人说！
桂枝香 金陵怀古王安石
登临送目，正故国晚秋，天气初肃。千里澄江似练，翠峰如簇。征帆去棹残阳里，背西风，酒旗斜矗。彩舟云淡，星河鹭起，画图难足。 念往昔，豪华竞逐，叹门外楼头，悲恨相续。千古凭高对此，漫嗟荣辱。六朝旧事随流水，但寒烟衰草凝绿。至今商女，时时犹唱，《后庭》遗曲。
念奴娇 赤壁怀古 苏轼
大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。故垒西边，人道是，三国周郎赤壁。乱石穿空，惊涛拍岸，卷起千堆雪。江山如画，一时多少豪杰。 遥想公瑾当年，小乔初嫁了，雄姿英发。羽扇纶巾，谈笑间，樯橹灰飞烟灭。故国神游，多情应笑我，早生华发。人生如梦，一尊还酹江月。
定风波 苏轼
莫听穿林打叶声，何妨吟啸且徐行。竹杖芒鞋轻胜马，谁怕，一蓑烟雨任平生。
料峭春风吹酒醒，微冷，山头斜照却相迎。回首向来萧瑟处，归去，也无风雨也无晴。
一剪梅 李清照
红藕香残玉簟秋。轻解罗裳，独上兰舟。云中谁寄锦书来？雁字回时，月满西楼。花自飘零水自流。一种相思，两处闲愁。此情无计可消除，才下眉头，却上心头。
声声慢 李清照
寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚。乍暖还寒时候，最难将息。三杯两盏淡酒，怎敌他、晚来风急？雁过也，正伤心，却是旧时相识。 满地黄花堆积，憔悴损，如今有谁堪摘？守着窗儿，独自怎生得黑？梧桐更兼细雨，到黄昏、点点滴滴。这次第，怎一个愁字了得？
书愤 陆游
早岁那知世事艰，中原北望气如山。
楼船夜雪瓜洲渡，铁马秋风大散关。
塞上长城空自许，镜中衰鬓已先斑。
出师一表真名世，千载谁堪伯仲间！
永遇乐 京口北固亭怀古 辛弃疾
千古江山，英雄无觅孙仲谋处。舞榭歌台，风流总被雨打风吹去。斜阳草树，寻常巷陌，人道寄奴曾住。想当年，金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎。 元嘉草草，封狼居胥，赢得仓皇北顾。四十三年，望中犹记，烽火扬州路。可堪回首，佛狸祠下，一片神鸦社鼓！凭谁问：廉颇老矣，尚能饭否？
扬州慢 姜夔
淮左名都，竹西佳处，解鞍少驻初程。过春风十里，尽荠麦青青。自胡马窥江去后，废池乔木，犹厌言兵。渐黄昏，清角吹寒，都在空城。杜郎俊赏，算而今重到须惊。纵豆蔻词工，青楼梦好，难赋深情。二十四桥仍在，波心荡，冷月无声。念桥边红药，年年知为谁生！
长亭送别 王实甫
【正宫】【端正好】碧云天，黄花地，西风紧，北雁南飞。晓来谁染霜林醉？总是离人泪。
窦娥冤 关汉卿
【滚绣球】有日月朝暮悬，有鬼神掌着生死权。天地也！只合把清浊分辨，可怎生糊突了盗跖、颜渊NJJ00157_0167_2？为善的受贫穷更命短，造恶的享富贵又寿延NJJ00157_0167_3。天地也！做得个怕硬欺软，却原来也这般顺水推船！地也，你不分好歹何为地！天也，你错勘NJJ00157_0167_4贤愚枉做天！哎，只落得两泪涟涟。
武林李白（zenith zoe）编辑整理
无错别字版《2008高考北京卷背诵篇目》
陆良二中高一2008年上学期英语1月份考试卷
考试共120分钟。满分150分。
注意事项：请将第一卷选择题的唯一答案涂在第二卷的答题卡上。交卷时仅须交第二卷
第一卷（三部分，共115分）
第一部分： 听力（共20 小题，每题1.５分，共30分）
第一节， 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应的位置。听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are they talking about?
A. Driving in
B. How to drive a car.
C. Whether to
have the right to drive a car in
2. What does the woman mean?
A. Mary is ill.
B. Mary thinks well of the concert.
C. She has no chance to talk to Mary.
3. When did the man come back from his vacation?
A. Yesterday morning.
B. A few days ago.
C. In about two days.
4. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. They are both neighbours.
B. They are both classmates.
C. They are not from the same country.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a clothing store.
B. At the woman' s home.
C. In the sitting room.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. What kind of music does the man like?
A. Classical music.
B. Pop music.
C. Neither.
7. What' s the man’s mother?
A. A conductor.
B. A composer.
C. A teacher.
8. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Jack dislikes classical music because it is beyond his understanding.
B. Jack dislikes pop music because it is too noisy.
C. Jack likes classical music because it is profound.
听下面一段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. What is the weather like?
A. Fine but cold.
B. Lovely and warm.
C. Cloudy and warm.
10. Where are the speakers?
A. At the subway station.
B. In a Hat.
C. In a park.
11. What
is the man doing in
A. Spending his holiday.
B. Practicing his English.
C. Visiting a Russian family.
听下面一段材料，回答第12至14题。
12. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Wife and husband.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Doctor and patient.
13. How will they go to the Fair?
A. By taxi.
B. By bus.
C. By bike.
14. Why will they take their raincoats to the Fair while it' s sunny?
A. Because the weatherman says there' s a rain around noon.
B. Because there' s some sign that means rain in the sky.
C. Because they think everything is possible.
听下面一段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. What do famous artists think of Stephen' s drawings?
A. They are very strange.
B. They are very well drawn.
C. They are not quite good.
16. What is the probable relationship between the man speaker and Stephen?
A. Neighbours.
B. Classmates.
C. Teacher and pupil.
17. Which of the followings shows that Stephen is a very special boy?
A. He can draw as well as a famous artist.
B. He can draw without looking at the object he draws.
C. He has a special gift in drawing but finds other things difficult.
听下面一段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why did Jim buy a smaller house?
A. Because the house where he once lived became too big for him.
B. Because he was used to living in the smaller house.
C. Because a smaller house was more comfortable.
19. How did Jim take the old clock to the new house?
A. He let the men carry his clock in their truck.
B. He carried it down the road in his arms.
C. He asked the men to carry his clock in his car.
20. What was the boy' s suggestion?
A. Put the clock onto the truck.
B. Buy a new clock.
C. Buy a watch.
第二部分：英语知识.运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 单项选择（每题1分，共15分）
21. Hiking is great fun. You will get close to nature and take exercise at the same time.
A. a; the B. a; 不填 C. 不填；the D. 不填；不填
22. I will stay in the hotel _______ there is some news about the missing girl.
A. in case B. in case of C. if only D. unless
23. His father gave him a good beating __ he knew what had happened.
A. since B. after C. before D. when
24. They are talking about Tom Hanks and his Cast Away __they saw last Sunday.
A. what B. that C. which D. who
25. ―Congratulations to you! I hear you got the first in the English Speech Contest.
―_________.
A. Don’t mention it. I think that’s only my past
B. Thanks. But I think I could have done better
C. There’s nothing to cheer for
D. No, no. It’s a piece of cake
26. Mary said to Tom, “Where have you been these days? ”
A. Mary asked Tom where have you been these days.
B. Mary asked Tom where you had been those days.
C. Mary asked Tom where I had been those days.
D. Mary asked Tom where he had been those days.
27. If you don’t go to watch the movie,__________ I.
A. so do B. nor do C. so shall D. nor will
28. －－Mum, I have a bad headache.
－－Don’t worry. Put on your coat and I _______ you down to the doctor.
A. take B. took C. am taking D. have taken
29. I prefer ________ TV rather than __________ to see a film in the cinema.
A. to watch, go B. to watch, going C. watching, going D. watching, go
30. My father ____ a football player in the national team when he was young.
A. is used to be B. is used to being C. used to be D. used to being
31．He is really considering himself to these children of the poor mountain village.
A. to devote; educating B. devoting; educating
C. devoting; educate D. to devote; educate
32. he was watching TV in the room the cell-phone rang.
A. while B. when C. as D. during
33. He was wearing a lot of clothes to _____ himself from the cold.
A. stop B. prevent C. protect D. keep
34.I, who your friend will do my best to help you.
A. is B. was C. am D. are
35. I didn’t hear the phone, I ________asleep.
A. must be B. must have been C. should D. should have been
第二节 完形填空 （每题1．5分，共30分）
There was a woman in Detroit，who has two sons．She was worried _36__ them，especially the younger one，Ben，_37__he was not doing well in school．Boys in his class _38__ fun of him because he seemed so _39__．The mother _40__ that she would，herself，have to get her sons to do better in school．She _41__them to go to the Detroit Public Library to read a _42__a week and do a report about it for her．
One day，in Ben’s _43__，the teacher held up a rock and asked if anyone knew it．Ben _44__up his hand and the teacher let him _45__．“Why did Ben raise his hand？” they wondered．He _46__ said anything；what could he possibly want to say？
Well，Ben not only _47__ the rock；he said a lot about it．He named other rocks in its group and even knew _48__the teacher had found it．The teacher and the students were _49__．Ben had learned all this from doing one of his book _50__．Ben later went on to the _51__of his class．When he finished high school，he went to Yale University _52__at last became one of the best doctors in the United States．
After Ben had grown up，he _53__something about his mother that he did not know as a _54__．She，herself，had never learned how to 55 ．
36．A．about B. on C. with D. over
37．A．because B. so C. but D. though
38．A．played B. got C. took D. made
39．A．clever B. hard C. slow D. quick
40．A．asked B. decided C. forgot D. heard
41．A．made B. let C. told D. considered
42．A．notice B. message C. book D. question
43．A．class B. room C. office D. lab
44．A．looked B. gave C. took D. put
45．A．think B. leave C. stand D. speak
46．A．always B. even C. quickly D. never
47．A．found B. played C. knew D. threw
48．A．whether B. when C. where D. why
49．A．afraid B. surprised C. worried D. unhappy
50．A．pictures B. exercises C. shops D. reports
51．A．top B. end C. back D. side
52．A．so B. and C. or D. however
53．A．learnt B. remembered C. understood D. guessed
54．A．doctor B. child C. student D. teacher
55．A．read B. work C. teach D. show
第三部分 ：阅读理解 （共20小题，每题2分，共40分）
(A)
Do you remember the big flood(洪水)in 1999? Our country suffered a lot and some people lost their lives in that flood. There are many floods here and there each year in our country. In summer it rains a lot, the rain water runs everywhere because there are not enough reservoirs to hold water and the drainage (排水系统) is bad. In cities, streets flood. Water goes into houses, shops, factories and schools. In the country, fields are filled with water. Some houses fall down because they are badly made. In a word, people and property（财产）are in great danger when the flood comes.
We met the biggest flood in 1999 in the latest one hundred years. Many villages, towns and cities were flooded. A large number of soldiers were sent to help stop flood from spilling out of the banks of big rivers. They carried many bags of sand onto the banks and even stood in the water to stop the water when they were short of bags. They were also busy saving people trapped in the water. Sometimes they faced danger, but they were brave enough to put the interest (利益))of the people before everything, including their own lives. Several soldiers lost their young lives during the fighting against the flood.
The cause for the flood is that more trees have been cut down, and earth is washed away the rainwater. Some people do not realize the importance of keeping the balance of water and earth. When it rains heavily, much rainwater cannot be kept. Something must be done to stop such things from happening.
56. A reservoir is a place where _______.
A. water is kept
B. people keep fish
C. people row boats
D. people swim
57. In cities streets flood because ____.
A. streets are too low
B. there is much water
C. houses are badly built
D. the drainage is not good
58. Why were so many soldiers sent to the places which were flooded?
A. They helped to fight against the flood.
B. They wanted to save the houses.
C. They helped to plant trees.
D. They wanted to build a reservoir.
59. When there is a big flood, _____.
A. all the houses fall down.
B. many soldiers lose their lives.
C. no farmers are killed.
D. people suffer a lot.
60. ______, there may be big floods.
A. If so many trees are planted.
B. If too many trees are cut down.
C. If there are small reservoirs.
D. If so many people live in the country.
B
Jenny lived in a town. Her father. Mr Young, had a shop there and sold clothes in it. The shopkeepers was born in a poor family and was in school no more than a year. He was always sorry for it though he had much money now. He hoped his daughter could become a scientist. But the girl didn’t like anything else except singing. She often went to the concerts, bought a lot of records the famous pop stars made and insisted on listening to the music when she was free. Of course she wanted to be a pop star, too. Her parents wanted to prevent her, but she didn’t listen to them and they had to agree to her choice. They engaged an old man who was good at music as a private teacher.
Five years passed. Mr Young bought all kinds of musical instruments for Jenny and they visited some places where the famous singers were born. Of course he spent a lot of money on it. But he found the girl didn’t make any progress. At last the teacher didn’t think the girl could become a singer at all and had to tell Mr Young about it. The man became angry and said, “Why didn’t you tell me about it earlier? My daughter learned nothing but I paid you month after month!”
“I think you should thank me for it,” said the teacher. “Another teacher, who teaches badly, is paid more than I was. And I saved much money for you!”
61．Mr Young was in school for a short time because .
A．His family was too poor to support him.
B．he has to help his parents.
C．he was weak in his lessons.
D．he didn’t like studying at all
62．Jenny spent much money buying records and went to the concerts in order to .
A．visit some place
B．know some pop stars
C．become a pop star
D．learn singing
63．The underlined phrase “musical instruments” in the story means .
A．乐谱
B．乐器
C．乐章
D．乐队
64．Mr Young became angry because .
A．he paid a lot of money to the teacher.
B．his daughter decided to drop music.
C．his daughter spent for years on music
D．the teacher taught his daughter nothing.
65．The teacher thought .
A．he had taught Jenny all.
B．the girl could be singer.
C．he was paid less than his workmates.
D．it was wrong for Jenny to stop studying music.
C
This is the story of a small boy， who lived a long time ago in Germany． His name was George Frederick Handle．As a very young boy, he loved music most. But his father didn't allow him to play any music.
Then one day he waited until he was all alone at home． Quickly he ran to his hiding place； he and a friend carried a small piano into the house． He decided to put it in his hiding place．There no one could see it．
That night， when everyone else was asleep， he went to his hiding place． The moon was shining through a broken window． He sat on a box and began to play the piano． At that moment he knew he could only be happy playing music the rest of his life．
He played on and on， and he filled his house with his music． “George！” cried his father． “What are you doing？ Stop that playing now！” The music stopped． George had tears in his eyes． Then he turned to his father and said，“Papa， you must understand． I love music． It is my whole life．” “Now listen to me， you foolish boy，” said Mr Handle． “I want you to be a rich man． I want you to work hard．I don't want you to be a poor man all your life．You must leave music and become a doctor． Don't let me see you at the piano again．”
One day George found his way to church． He went straight to the organ（管风琴） and began to play it． He was only seven years old then． The story of his music spread in his town．
When the Duke heard the story， he said， “This boy must have the best music teacher．” So George began to take music lessons．
George's teacher was very good． He taught George well and helped him write his own music．George became famous when he was eleven years old． Now his music is played all over the world．
66．Why didn't George listen to his father？
A． He deeply loved music
B． He didn't think his father was right．
C．He didn't want to go to school
D．Music could make him rich．
67．What did George's father want him to be？
A． A businessman．
B． A teacher．
C． A doctor．
D． A musician．
68． “Duke” is probably __________________．
A. a doctor
B. a nobleman
C. a good music teacher
D. a shop manager
69．The title “The Musical Heart” means ___________________．
A． George began to play the piano when he was very young
B． George played the piano pretty well
C．George was a good music teacher
D． George regarded music as his life and put his heart into it
D
A beautiful and very successful actress was the star of a new musical show. Her home was in the country, but she didn’t want to have to go back there every night. So she rented an expensive flat in the centre of the city, bought some beautiful furniture and hired a man to paint the rooms in new colors.
It was very difficult to get tickets for her show, because everybody wanted to see it, so she decided to give the painter two of the best seats. She hoped that this would make him work better and more willingly for her. He took the tickets without saying anything, and she heard no more about them until the end of the month, when she got the painter’s bill. At the bottom of it were the words: “Four hours watching Miss Ball sing and dance: $3,” with this note: “After 5 p.m., I get fifteen shillings an hour instead of ten shillings.”
70. In this article, “Miss Ball” was the name of _______.
A. a place where people sang and danced
B. a dance party
C. an actress
D. a ball
71. The actress gave the painter two tickets, hoping ________.
A. he would be pleased
B. he would ask less money for his work
C. he would charge more money for his work
D. he would praise her musical show
72. After the painter got the tickets from the actress, he _______.
A. sold them for $3
B. went to watch the musical show
C. paid $3 for them
D. was very thankful to her
E
The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true.
Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.
Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air. Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. We are sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must take care of the rise in pollution at the same time.
73. _______, our world is becoming much smaller.
A. Because of the rise in pollution
B. Thanks to science development
C. Because the earth is being polluted day and night
D. Because the earth is blown away by the wind every year
74. Pollution comes in many ways. We can even hear it. Here “it” means _______.
A. rubbish(垃圾)
B. noise pollution
C. air pollution
D. water pollution
75. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _______.
A. it makes much noise
B. it makes us angry more easily
C. it makes our rivers and lakes dirty
D. it’s bad for all living things in the world
第四部分 写 作（共两节，35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10分）
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：
如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（∨）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
My hometown used to be small village with 76. ____________
tree all around . Just outside the village , there was a 77. ____________
river. The river was much clean . Many people enjoyed 78. ____________
boating on the river. Although there were no tall 79. ____________
buildings and people were poor, but they lived a simple 80. ____________
but happy life.
In the past ten years, my hometown changed 81. ____________
a lot. People no loner lived in small houses . Instead, 82. ____________
they live in tall buildings . Supermarkets or factories 83. ____________
can be seen everywhere . But we now have less trees , and 84. ____________
the air and water is polluted . In order to live a better life, 85. ____________
we must do something to protect the environment.
第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）
在我们的日常生活中，有许多令人难忘的事，既有快乐的也有悲伤的，既有平淡，稍纵即逝的，也有令人终身难忘的，请以An unforgettable experience为题，写一篇作文讲述你自己亲身经历的难忘事。
注意：
1. 字数100左右。
2. 文章有条理，书写清楚。
3. 文中应涉及定语从句和状语从句以及一些常用的句型结构。
4. 不要生造句子，尽量使用正确的表达方式。
（写在答题卡上）
温馨提示： 1把握时间，答案必须涂在答题卡上2作文书写保持清秀、整洁 3 选择题不要漏选 4 认真思考，充满信心，胜利一定属于你
陆良二中高一2008年上学期英语1 月份考试卷
高三化学月考试卷（12月份）
2007年福建省泉州市初中毕业、升学考试