2009年河南省普通高中毕业班教学质量调研考试

英语  2009年3月14考试（听力省略）

第I卷

21When I got____call from Mrs.Leary saying that I was recommened as ______babysister,Iaccepted without hesitation.

A.the; the  B.a;the;  C.a;a  D.the;  a

22---I'm here just looking for some antiques at this sale.

----Have you found____?So many at hand!

A.anything  B.something  C.evrything  D.nothing

23It was a tough____to make,but I was determined to leave my job.

A.decision  B.chance  C.excuse  D.move

24----Why didn't you come to Mike's birthday party yesterday?

------Well,I________,but I forgot it.

A.should  B.must  C.should have  D.must have

25----They're announcing your flight.You'd better get on board the plane.

-----_______you______me?

A.Are,rushing  B.Have,rushed  C.Will ,rush  D.Do,rush

26---Spacecraft "Discovery"has failed in the course of launch.

---_____?They have  been preparing for the test

A.How come B.Who says  C.What for  D.Why not

27Tom did well in the last exam,and much to my joy,Mary did____than Tom.

A.no better  B.no worse  C.not better  D.not worse

28Mr Blaire,under______direction the sales department achieved the goal,quitted the job last week.

A.him  B.whose  C.whom  D.his

29---What's happened to Mr.Jones?

-----I'm not quite sure.He_____arround here for a long time.

A.hasn't seen  B.didn't see  C.wasn't seen  D.hasn't been seen

30I can't go home and have a good rest.I'm already_____schedule.

A.behind  B.against  C.within  D.beyond

31_____a car,he usually takes the bus to his office,which takes him almost an hour.

A.He doesn't have  B.Not have  C.Not having  D.He didn't have

32.The Jojnsons have moved to a different house____their children can attend a better school.

A.even though  B.so that  C.as if  D.in case

33.I wanted to say something,but her face quite___me____.

A.threw;off  B.took;off   C.set;off  D.put;off

34.I wanted to say something ,but her face quite____me_____.

A.on and on  B.up and down  C.over and over  D.by and by

35.---Go for hiking this Saturday,OK?

-----______.I like getting close to nature.

A.I couldn't agree more  B.I believe not  C.I'm afraid not  D.I don't think so

第二节  完形填空

The art of living is to know when to hold fast and when to let go.When know that this is(36),but all too often we recognize this truth(37)in our backward glance when we remember what it was and then suddenly(38)that is no more.

A recent(39)re-taught me this truth.I was hospitalized(_40)a serious heart attack and had been in intensive(_41)for several days.It was not a pleasant p[lace.

One morning,I had to have some additional(42),so I had to be wheeled across the countyard on a gurney(n.轮床）.

(43)we got out from our unit,the sunlight hit me.Just the(44)of the sun.And yet how beautiful it was---how warming,how sparking,how brilliant!I (45)arround to see whether anyone else loved the sun's golden glow,but everyone was(46),most with eyes fixed on the ground.At that moment,I came to realize(47）gifts are precious----but we are too(48)about them.

      Hold fast to life,but not so fast,or you cannot(49).This is the second side of life's(50),the opposite pole of its paradox(悖论)：we  must (51)our losses,and learn how to let go.

      This is not an easy(52)to learn,especially when we are young and think that the world is ours to command,and that(53)we desire with the full force of our passionate being can,and,will,be ours.But then life(54),keeping us faced with realities,and(55)but surely this truth dawns upon us.

36A.easy  B.clear C.true  D.good

37A.only  B.also  C.well  D.even

38A.notice  B.realize  C.worry  D.concern

39A.report  B.story  C.accident  D.experience

40A.during B.since  C.after  D.until

41A.care  B.charge  C.control  D.need

42A.doctors  B.medicine  C.instructions  D.tests

43A.Before  B.Till  C.As  D.Whille

44A.warmth  B.light  C.colors  D.image

45A.looked  B.turned  C.walked  D.ran

46A.watching  B.hurrying  C.working  D.sitting

47A.disease's  B.art's  C.health's  D.life's

48A.honest  B.curious  C.careless  D.anxious

49A.hold on  B.take over  C.give in  D.let go

50A.coin  B.note  C.bill  D.check

51A.accept  B.admire  C.remember  D.forgive

52.A.skill  B.failure  C.lesson  D.task

53A.whatever  B.whichever  C.however  D.whoever

54A.comes up  B.goes off  C.dies away  D.moves along

55 A.quickly  B.firmly  C.slowly  D.suddenly

第三部分阅读理解

A

One day,an expert in time management was speaking to a group of students and ,to drive home a point,used an illustration those students will never forget.

Standing before the group of overachievers(成绩超过预料的学生）,he said,"Ok,time for a quiz."He pulled out out a one-gallon,wide -mouth jar and set it on the table in front of him.He also produced about a dozen fist-sized rorocks and carefully placed them,one at a time,into the jar.When no more rocks would fit inside,he asked,"Is this jar full?"

Everyone in the class yelled,"Yes"The expert reached under the table and pulled out a bucket of gravel.He dumped some gravel in and shook the jar,causing pieces of gravel to work themselves down into the spaces between the big rocks.He then asked again,"Is this jar full?"

"Probably not."one of them answered."Good."He replied.He reached under the table and brought out a bucket of sand.He started dumping the sand in the jar and it went into all of the spaces left between the rocks and the gravel.Onece more he asked the question,"Is this jar full？”

“No!"the class shouted."Good."He replied.He grabbed a pitcher of water and began to pour it in until the jar was filled to the brim.Then he looked at the class and asked,"What is the point of this illustration?"One eager student raised his hand and said,’“No matter how full your schedule is,if you try really hard you can always fit some more things in it!"

"_______,"the expert replied.“The truth this illustrtion teaches us if you don't put the big rocks in first ,you'll never get them in at all.What are the "big rocks"in your life?Time with your loved ones,your education,your dreams,a worthy cause,or teaching others?Remember to put these big rocks in first or you'llnever get them in at all."

56Which group of words means containers?

A.jar,gravel,bucket  B.jar,illustration,gravel

C.jar,bucket,pitcher    D.jar,brim,pitcher

57What replies would the expert probably make in the last paragraph

A.I beg you pardon  B.Good idea 

C.That's not the point  D.You got it

58Choose the order that the expert put things in the jar.

A.rocks--->sand---->gravel---->water

B.rocks--->gravel--->sand---->water

C.gravel---->water----.>sand---->rocks

D.gravel--->sand--->water--->rocks

59What's the expert's conclusion?

A.We  must  think of  all kinds of ways to solve our problems

BWe must try really hard to fit more small things in our life

C.We must know what big rocks are in our life and then put them in first

D.We must know things like gravel,sand and water are not important at all

B

For many students in Beijing,Mr.Obama symbolizes all that is possible in the United States.He's a popular winner here,seen as a self-made man who has made it to the top.

"I think he is very charming,and a president who can create a new era(时代）,"said ZhangWei,a university student."I like him very much and most of my friends do too."

Ni Weibo,another university student,agrees."Sino-U.S. Relations still need more cooperation,"she said."I think he will help take it to a new era."

China's President Hu Jintao congratulated Mr. Obama within hours of his victory,saying he hoped bilateral ties could be made stronger.

Political analysts(分析家）here say China will be looking for the incoming president to avoid contentious issues such as Taiwan's independence,human rights and Tibet.

Instead,they say Beijing would like Mr Obama to focus on solving the global economic crisis(危机),and to help China's slowing economy by opening up U.S. Markets.

But trade relations might be a sticking point,says Renmin University's Professor of International Studies,Shi Yinhong.

He warns,"There is a possibility that President Obama will take some protectionist measures which China will not  accept,then trade disputes could develop to a degree that we have not seen ever before."

Despite making the headlines,Mr.Obama faces some tough challenges in managing the U.S. Relationship with China.

China is now a stronger and more confident country than the China his predecessors(前任)dealt with.And in this time of economic uncertainty,analysts say it's a country with wich Mr.Obama will want to maintain a good relationship.

60Many students in Beijing  expect that Mr.Obama  can________.

A.made everything possible  B.further strengthen Sino-U.S.relations

C.become a self-made man  D.try to help China into a new era

61According to some analysts,which of the following is what China would like Mr.Obama to do?

A.Facing some tough challenges  B.Taking some protectionist measures

C.Making Sino-U.S.bilateral ties stronger 

D.Opening up markets to speed China's economy

62The underlined word "dispute"means"______"

A.serious disagreemen  B.severe measures

C.tough crisis  D.confusing issues

63As mentioned in the text,Mr. Obama will want to maintain a good relationship with China because________.

A.China is now a stronger and more confident country

B.he has tough challenges in managing the relationship with China

C.he wants to avoid issues like Taiwan's independence,human rights and Tibet

D.Mr.Hu Jintao congratulated Mr.Obama within hours of his victory

C

It used to be that shopping was a fairly simple activity---you went to the supermarket,picked up what you need,paid for it and left.But in recent years it's become a lot more complicated.Supermakets in the UK now sell much more than food :you can get your insurance there ,pay bills and a variety of other services.In many ways they've become a one-stop shop for lots of life's daily chores.

You can also get "rewards"----join up and get a "loyalty card"and every time you shop you'll get points and discounts.And just when you thought supermakets couldn't offer anything else,they turned into mini-banks,offering you cash when you shop .Go into any UK supermarket,pay for your shopping,and you're more than likely to be asked if you want "any cashback with that?”

This is only offered if you pay by debit card(签证卡）.Effectively,if you buy ζ30 worth of shopping,you can pay ζ50 with your debit card and the supermarket will give you your shopping plus,ζ20 in cash from the till(收款机）。

Originally introduced by the supermaket gaint Tesco,it eases busy shoppers' lives by cutting out an extra visit to the bank.Of curse, they didn't just introduce this for the customer's benefit---shops also benifit by having less cash in-house,and by paying less in fess for taking this cash to their local bank.

In recent years the phrase "cashback!"has also  been observed as an exclamation of joy or satisfaction,as in:"It's three drinks for the price of two in the pub tonight.Cashback!"

64Supermakets in the UK now are different from what it used be because_______

A.they will ask shoppers to pay only by cashback

B.they don't sell food and other daily necessitites

C.they have made shopping much more complicated

D.they provide a veriety of other services besides shopping

65.The cash you get when you shop in supermakets comes from the______.

A.points and discounts  B.built-in mini-banks

C.supermaket giant Tesco  D.extra visits to the bank

66Who will benefit from"Cashback!"?

A.Only busy shoppers  B.Only supermakets

C.The local banks  D.Both shoppers and shops

67What may be the best title for the text?

A.UK Supermarkets  B.Cashback!  C.One-stop Shops  D.The Best Services

D

★Apsley House is the London town house of the Dukes of Wellington.Inside you will find palatial State Rooms including the sumptuous Waterloo Gallery hung with rare Old Masters.The house contains an unrivalled collection of porcelain,silver and Wellington memorabilia.

Admission:Adult ζ5.50.

Opening Times:Oct ＆ from 21 Mar Wed-Sun 11.00---17.00.

          1 Nov--31 Mar Wed--Sun 11.00---16.00.

          Closed Mon＆Tue

Visit Time:1 hour.

Telephone 020 7499 5676

Please see website for more information.

★Benjamin Franklin House,The world's only remaining Franklin home and listed Georgian building,is just steps from Charing Cross.The Historical Experience presents the exitement of Franklin's London years through live Audio-visual performance.

Admission:Adult ζ7.00.

Tour Times:Wed-Sun 12.00,13.00,14.00,15.15,16.15

          Closed Mon and Tue

Visit Time:1 hour.

Telephone:020 7839 2006.

Please see website for more information.

★Visit Kensington bPalace and immerse yourself in centuries of royal style.Explore the elegant State Apartments,including the magnificent King's Staircase and the Victorian Rooms,where a young Victoria awoke to the news that she was to be queen.

Take afternoon tea in the Orangery,glimpse the stunning Sunken Garden and see beautiful dresses owned by Diana,Princess of Wales.Discover the glamorous and alluring world of the "Debutantes"in this new and exciting exhibition.

Admission:Adult ζ12.30.

Opening Times:Oct＆from 1 Mar.Daily 10.00-18.00.Last admission 17.00.

             1 Now-28 Feb.Daily 10.00--17.00.Last admission 16.00.

Visit Time:2 hours.

Telephone:0844 482 7777.

Please see website for more information.

68In what way is Kensington Palace different from the other two places of interest?

A.Tourists can't see website for more information.

B.It's inLondon while the other two are not.

C.It won't be closed on Mnnday and Tuesdays.

D.Tourists will pay less but have more visit time

69.What makes Benjiamin Franklin House special?

A.It offers afternoon tea for tourists  B.It's the only remaining Franklin home

C.It charges free for group tourists

DIt's closer to Kensington Palace.

70.Kensington Palace is a place of interest where______.

A.a young Victoria used to live

B.tourists can experience historical moments

C.Diana used to store her dresses

D.tourists can get information by telephone

71.Three adult tourists now have 20 pounds.They can visit________together.

A.Apsley  House  B.Benjamin Franklin House

C.Kensington Palace  D.none of the three places

E

     The intelligence of the dog is among the highest of all the animals,maybe higher than we give him credit for.Although his brain is only half as large as ours,he is certainly the most intelligent of domestic animals.

A scientist in Brazil has proven dogs can count.He used a technique which also proved that 5 month old infants can count:

"He placed treats in a bowl,hid it with a screen and let the animals watch as he removed or added some.The dogs studied the contents longer when the screen was taken away if a trick had been played leaving more or less treats than expected .He tasted 11 mongrels(杂种狗）and found they paid little attention when one plus one resulted in two treats.But they looked more closely when one plus one left three."

Memory is an important component of intelligence.The dog's memory for scents is extraordinary.His visual memory is only fair,but his memory for sounds is very good,since he can remember and identify familiar voices even after an absence of many years .While he builds up a large store of identifiable sounds without the slightest effort,remembering different words requires more concentration.

The dog's capacity for learning is more a matter of memory than of true understanding.He will remember the sequence of cause and effect in his actions,but he is unable to draw broad conclusions from his experience.The greater the variety of experiences and contact with others they have,the quicher they learn,and the more they retain.

Dogs are bound by nature to remain intellectually inferior to (劣于）man,but we owe them a chance todevelop their native intelligence by training,teaching,and working with them as much and as often as we can.

72This text focuses on dog's________

A.appearances and behavious  B.intelligence and memory

C.breeds and reactions  D.emotions and attitudes

73What does the experiment by the brazilian scientist show?

A.Dogs remain intellectually inferior to man

B.Dogs' brain is only half as large as human beings'

C.Dogs know the numbers if their attemtion is drawn

D.Dogs have the same intelligence as 5-month-old infants

74How does the dog recognize the owner after he has been away for quite a long time?

A.It has memory for scents and voice

B.It has true understanding of its owner

C.It has extraordinary visual memory

D.It often misses its owner and remembers him

75This text is most probably______

A.a book review  B.a travel journal  C.a research report  D.an animal test

   A few days ago,Miss Wang was going home by bike.While he was76_________

Riding in the street,she saw the man with a knife in his hand and his77________

Face covering with a piece of cloth running towards her.The man78_______

Took her handbag out of the basket of his bike and ran away before79______

She could do anything.There was no one she could turn for help at t80_______

hat time,for it was very late at night.Luckyshe had her mobile 81_____

Phone at hand.Immediately when she took it out and phoned the82______

police.She told them what the man was like and in which directions83_____

He had run.The police came very quickly and catch the robber.Miss84____

Wang got her hangbag back and felt very grateful for the police had85____

Done for her.

书面表达

     最近，教育部等三部委联合发出了“亿万学生冬季长跑活动”的通知。通知内容如下表格。

时间

2008年10月26日到次年4月30日

小学生

1000米/天

初中生

1500米/天

高中生以及大学生

2000米/天

通知发出后，人们对此有不同的观点。请你结合实际，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，谈谈你对此项活动的看法并提出建议。

    The Ministry of Education has issued a regulation,which requires students,all of the country,to participate in"Long Distance Running in Winter:.________________________

2009年河南省普通高中毕业班教学质量调研考试

试题详情

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二轮专项：选择2

1．已知氦离子He⁺能级与量子数的关系和氢原子能级公式类似，处于基态的氦离子He⁺的电离能为＝54.4eV。为使处于基态的氦离子He⁺处于激发态，入射光子所需的能量可能为（氢原子能级公式）：（ BD ）

   A．13.6 eV       B．40.8 eV         C．48.0 eV         D．51.0 eV

2．爱因斯坦在相对论研究取得进展的时候，提出了质量和能量相互联系的质能方程：E=mc²。这个方程告诉我们，物体的能量跟它的质量之间存在着简单的正比关系，当物体能量改变时，必定伴随着质量变化。由于太阳不断辐射能量，关于太阳系可能发生的变化下列说法正确的是：（AC）

A、地球公转周期会变大             B、地球公转周期会变小

C、太阳系会膨胀　　　　　　　　　　D、太阳系会缩小

3．如图所示电路中两个光电管的阴极是由同种金属材料制成的，现用强度相同的两束光分别照射两个光电管的阴极，紫光照在甲电路的光电管上，绿光照在乙电路的光电管上，若都能产生光电效应，则下列判断中正确的是：（BD）

A、从两个极板射出的光电子的最大初动能相同，

B、甲光电管中打到阳极上的光电子的最大初动能一定大于乙光电管中打到阳极上的光电子的最大初动能，

C、单位时间内由两光电管产生的光电子的数量相同，

D、单位时间内由乙光电管产生的光电子的数量比甲光电管产生的光电子的数量多。

4．我国西昌卫星发射基地有一颗待发通讯卫星，发射前随地球一起自转做圆周运动，设所受向心力为F₁，向心加速度为a₁，角速度为ω₁，动能为E₁；成功发射后绕地球在同步轨道上做匀速圆周运动，设此时所受向心力为F₂，向心加速度为a₂，角速度为ω₂，动能为E₂。下列关系正确的是：：（ CD ）

A． F₁＞F₂            B．  a₁  =a₂              C．E₁＜ E₂          D． ω₁=ω₂

5．在粗糙的不平地面上，一物体在水平拉力F的作用下匀加速直线运动。加速度大小为a，物体的质量和物体与地面间的动摩擦因数一定，运动中若将拉力F的大小减半，物体以后的运动情况可能是：（ AC ）

A．匀减速直线运动，加速度的大小仍为a  B．匀加速直线运动，加速度的大小仍为a

C．匀减速直线运动，加速度大小为a/2     D．匀加速直线运动，加速度的大小为a/2

6．（梅州08二模）某同学站在电梯里，启动电梯，从一楼上到十楼，以向上为正方向，下图中t₁表示电梯启动的时刻，t₂表示刚到十楼的时刻，则能反映电梯对该同学的支持力随时间变化关系的是：（ C ）

7．某人在水平路面上骑着自行车转弯（做匀速圆周运动）时，人和车身向圆心倾斜，以下说法正确的是：（ BD ）

　　Ａ．水平路面对车身弹力的方向沿车身方向斜向上

　　Ｂ．水平路面对车身弹力的方向垂直于水平路面竖直向上

　　Ｃ．水平路面对车轮的静摩擦力和斜向上的弹力的合力作向心力

　　Ｄ．仅由水平路面对车轮的静摩擦力作向心力

2,4,6 A．木箱克服重力所做的功等于木箱机械能的增加 B．F对木箱做的功等于木箱增加的动能与木箱克服摩擦力所做的功之和 C．F对木箱做的功等于木箱克服摩擦力和克服重力所做的功之和 D．Ｆ对木箱做的功等于木箱增加的机械能与木箱克服摩擦力做的功之和 9．（深圳08二模）如图所示，一内外侧均光滑的半圆柱槽置于光滑的水平面上．槽的左侧有一竖直墙壁．现让一小球（可是为质点）自左端槽口A点的正上方从静止开始下落，与半圆槽相切并从A点入槽内．则下列说法正确的是：（ BC ） A．小球在槽内运动的全过程中，只有重力对小球做功 B．小球在槽内运动的全过程中，小球与槽组成的系统机械能守恒 C．小球从最低点向右侧最高点运动的过程中，小球与槽组成的系统水平方向上的动量守恒 D．小球离开右侧槽口以后，将做竖直上抛运动 10．（佛山08调研）给平行板电容器充电，断开电源后A极板带正电，B极板带负电。板间有一带电小球C用绝缘细线悬挂，如图所示。小球静止时与竖直方向的夹角为θ，则：（ ABC ） A．若将B极板向右平移稍许，电容器的电容将减小 B．若将B极板向下平移稍许，A、B两板间电势差将增大 C．若将B极板向上平移稍许，夹角θ将变大 D．轻轻将细线剪断，小球将做斜抛运动 11．（清远08一模）有四个电动势相同，内阻分别为1Ω、2Ω、3Ω、4Ω的电池，分别用它们给阻值为4Ω的电阻用电器供电．欲使用电器上的电功率最大，则应选用电池的内阻是：（ D ） A、8Ω            B、4Ω             C、2Ω            D、1Ω 12．矩形线圈abcd在匀强磁场中逆时针匀速转动时，线圈中产生如图正弦交流电，设沿aàbàcàdàa方向为电流正方向，则对应图中t时刻的线圈位置是：（ B ）     试题详情 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 D AD D A B B B CD A AC D D 二轮专项：选择1   1.物理学中研究问题有多种方法，有关研究问题的方法叙述错误的是：（ D ） A.在现实生活中不存在真正的质点，将实际的物体抽象为质点是物理学中一种重要的科学研究方法 B.探究加速度a与力F、质量m之间的关系时，保持m恒定的情况下，探究a与F的关系, 采用的是控制变量法 C.电场强度的定义式，采用的是比值法 D.伽利略比萨斜塔上的落体实验，采用的是理想实验法 2．从图象中获取信息是同学们必须掌握的能力之一。对下列各图蕴含的信息正确解读是：（ AD ）   A．图甲说明物体所受的重力跟它的质量成正比 B．图乙表示物体正以5m/s的速度作变速运动 C．图丙告诉我们小灯泡的电阻值是固定不变的 D．图丁警示我们一个多世纪以来人类能源消耗急剧增长 3．氢原子的核外电子从距核较近的轨道跃迁到距核较远的轨道过程中：（ D ） 　　A．原子要吸收光子，电子的动能增大，原子的电势能增大，原子的能量增大 　　B．原子要放出光子，电子的动能减小，原子的电势能减小，原子的能量也减小 　　C．原子要吸收光子，电子的动能增大，原子的电势能减小，原子的能量增大 　　D．原子要吸收光子，电子的动能减小，原子的电势能增大，原子的能量增大 4．一以接近光速相对地球飞行的宇宙飞船，在地球上观察到飞船长度缩短，在飞船中将观察到地球上的长度：（ A ） A．缩短   B．伸长    C．不变   D．无法确定 5．太阳里的热核反应方程为:下列说法正确的是：（ B ） A．2 1H和3 1H是两种不同元素的原子核 B．2 1H和3 1H是氢的两种同位素的原子核 C．这个反应既是核反应,也是化学反应 D．这个反应过程中反应前核的总质量小于反应后核的总质量 6．图示为高速摄影机拍摄到的子弹穿透苹果瞬间的照片。该照片经放大后分辨出，在曝光时间内，子弹影象前后错开的距离约为子弹长度的1%~2%。已知子弹飞行速度约为500m/s，由此可估算出这幅照片的曝光时间最接近：（ B ） A．10-3s       B．10-6s       C．10-9s       D．10-12s 7．如图所示，一根细线一端固定在容器底部，另一端系一木球，木球浸没在水中，整个装置在台秤上。现将细线割断，在木球上浮的过程中（不计水的阻力），台秤示数将：（  B  ） A．增大                 B．减小      C．不变                 D．无法确定 8．我国自主研制的“神七”载人飞船于2008年9月25日21时10分04秒，在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射。第583秒火箭将飞船送到近地点200km，远地点350km的椭圆轨道的入口，箭船分离。21时33分变轨成功，飞船进入距地球表面约343km的圆形预定轨道，绕行一周约90分钟，关于“神七”载人飞船在预定轨道上运行时下列说法中正确的是：（CD） A．“神七”载人飞船可以看作是地球的一颗同步卫星 B．飞船由于完全失重，飞船中的宇航员不再受到重力的作用 C．当飞船要离开圆形轨道返回地球时，要启动助推器让飞船速度减小 D．飞船绕地球运行的角速度比月球绕地球运行的角速度大 9．如右图所示，O点为等量异种点电荷连线的中点，a、b两点的连线与两电荷连线垂直。今在外力作用下将带电量为+q的点电荷从a点移动到b点，关于点电荷的电势能下列说法中正确的是：（ A ） A．增加                B．减少  C．不变                D．无法判断 10．某同学在学习了法拉第电磁感应定律之后，自己制作了一个手动手电筒，如图是手电筒的简单结构示意图，左右两端是两块完全相同的条形磁铁，中间是一根绝缘直杆，由绝缘细铜丝绕制的多匝环形线圈只可在直杆上自由滑动，线圈两端接一灯泡，晃动手电筒时线圈也来回滑动，灯泡就会发光，其中O点是两磁极连线的中点，a、b两点关于O点对称，则下列说法中正确的是：（ AC ） A．线圈经过O点时穿过的磁通量最小 B．线圈经过O点时受到的磁场力最大 C．线圈沿不同方向经过b点时所受的磁场力方向相反 D．线圈沿同一方向经过a、b两点时其中的电流方向相同 11．某研究性学习小组用加速度传感器研究物体从静止开始做直线运动的规律，得到了物体的加速度随时间变化的关系图线，如图6所示。已知物体的质量为1.0kg，则下列说法正确的是：（ D ） A．物体在t =2.0s到t =4.0s这段时间内做匀减速直线运动 B．不能从已知信息粗略估算出物体在t=3.0s时的速度 C．不能从已知信息粗略估算出物体从t=1.0s到t=4.0s这段时间内所受合外力的冲量 D．可以从已知信息粗略估算出物体从t=1.0s到t=4.0s这段时间内所受合外力对物体做的功 12．如图4所示，理想变压器原、副线圈的匝数比为k，输出端接有一交流电动机，其线圈的电阻为R。将原线圈接在正弦交流电源两端，变压器的输入功率为P0时，电动机恰好能带动质量为m的物体以速度v匀速上升，此时理想电流表A的示数为I。若不计电动机的机械能损耗，重力加速度为g，则下列说法正确的是：（ D ） A．电动机输出的机械功率为P0 B．变压器的输出功率为mgv C．副线圈两端电压的有效值为 D．整个装置的效率为     试题详情 2009届漳州三中高三质量检测  理科综合能力测试（五）  本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷。第I卷均为必考题，第II卷包括必考和选考两个部分。考试时间150分钟，总分300分。 相对原子质量：O-16   Na-23   Ba-137   第I卷  (必考) 本卷共18小题，每小题6分，共108分。 试题详情 漳浦二中高三物理第二轮模拟卷(一) 13．如图3 ? 5所示，一条易断的均匀细绳两端固定在天花板上的A、B两点，今在绳上某点O处固定悬挂砝码，使AO > BO，则        A．增加砝码时，AO先断          B．增加砝码时，BO先断 C．B点向左移，绳子易断 D．B点向右移，绳子易断 14．如图3 ? 1所示，质量分别为10 kg的物体A和B通过滑轮与物体C相连，物体与水平面和斜遄间的动摩擦因数均为0.2，斜面的倾角为37°。若C刚好能匀速拉动A和B下滑，则物体C的质量为（重力加速度g取10 m/s2）        A．9.6 kg             B．8.0 kg        C．3.6 kg             D．7.6 kg      15. 1990年5月，紫金山天文台将他们发现的第2752号小行星命名为吴健雄星，该小行星的半径为16km。若将此小行星和地球均看成质量分布均匀的球体，小行星密度与地球相同。已知地球半径km，地球表面重力加速度为g。这个小行星表面的重力加速度为 A. 400g     B.      C. 20g     D.   16．一列横波沿x轴正向传播，在介质中只存在四分之三波长的波形，某时刻恰好到达坐标原点处，如图3 ? 13所示。此波传到x = 20 cm的P点时，处于原点O的质点所通过的路程式和该时刻的位移分别为        A．40 cm  0 cm                               B．6 cm  2 cm        C．20 cm  0 cm                               D．6 cm  ? 2 cm  17．如图3 ? 30所示，一束单色光a沿半径射向置于空气中的半球形玻璃砖的球心，在界面M上同时发生反射和折射，b为反射光，c为折射光，它们与法线的夹角分别为和。逐渐增大入射角（但小于临界角），则下列说法中正确的是        A．和两角同时增大，始终大于        B．b光束的亮度逐渐减弱，c光束的亮度逐渐增强        C．b光在玻璃中的波长小于c光的波长        D．b光光子的能量大于c光光子的能量   18．如图3 ? 24所示，动圈式话筒能够将声音转变为微弱的电信号（交变电流），产生的电信号一般都不是直接送给扩音机，而是经过一只变压器之后再送给护音机放大，变压器的作用是减少信号沿导线传输过程中的电能损失，关于话筒内的这只变压器，下列说法中正确的是        A．一定是升压变压器，因为P = UI，升压后，电流减小，导线上损失的电能 减少        B．一定不是升压变压器，因为P = U2/R，升压后，导线上损失的电能会增加        C．一定是降压变压器，因为I2 = n1I1 / n2，降压后，电流增大，使到达扩音机 的信号加强        D．一定不是降压变压器，因为P = I 2R，降压后，电流增大，导线上损失的 电能会增加 试题详情 本资料来源于《七彩教育网》http://www.7caiedu.cn 《推理、证明与数学归纳法》   试题详情 漳浦二中高三物理第二轮模拟卷(二) 13．一质量为1kg的物体被人用手由静止向上提高了1m，这时物体的速度是2m/s，下列说法中正确的是（g取10 m/s2）  （  ACD ）     A．手对物体做功12J                  B．合外力对物体做功12J     C．合外力对物体做功2J               D．物体克服重力做功10J 14．据报道，嫦娥二号探月卫星将于2010年发射，其环月飞行的高度距离月球表面100km，所探测到的有关月球的数据将比环月飞行高度为200km的嫦娥一号更加翔实。若两颗卫星环月运行均可视为匀速圆周运动，运行轨道如图所示。则               B A．嫦娥二号环月运行的周期比嫦娥一号更大 B．嫦娥二号环月运行的周期比嫦娥一号更小 C．嫦娥二号环月运行时向心加速度比嫦娥一号更小 D．嫦娥二号环月运行时向心加速度与嫦娥一号相等 15．一个理想变压器，原线圈和副线圈的匝数分别为n1和n2，正常工作时输入和输出的电压、电流、功率分别为U1和U2、I1和I2、P1和P2，已知n1＞n2，则  （BC   ）                                               A．U1＞U2，P1＜P2                                                                B．P1＝P2 ，I1＜I2， C．I1＜I2，U1＞U2                                                                     D．P1＞P2，I1＞I2 16．如图所示，一束单色光射入一玻璃球体，入射角为600。己知光线在玻璃球内经一次反射后，再次折射回到空气中时与入射光线平行。此玻璃的折射率为         B                 A．2    B． C.1.5    D． 17.一列简谐波沿一直线向左运动，当直线上某质点a向上运动到达最大位移时，a点右方相距0.15m的b点刚好向下运动到最大位移处，则这列波的波长可能是   （ BD  ） A．0.6m                B．0.3m      C．0.2m                D．0.1m 18．矩形导线框abcd固定在匀强磁场中，磁感线的方向与导线框所在平面垂直，规定磁场的正方向垂直纸面向里，磁感应强度B随时间t变化的规律如图所示。若规定顺时针方向为感应电流i的正方向，下列i-t图像中正确的是  D     19、（1）（9分）卫星绕地球做匀速圆周运动时处于完全失重状态， 物体对支持面几乎没有压力，所以在这种环境中已无法用 天平称量物体的质量。假设某同学在这种环境设计了如图 所示的装置（图中O为光滑的小孔）来间接测量物体的质             量：给待测物体一个初速度，使它在桌面上做匀速圆周运 动。设航天器中具有基本测量工具。                                 ①物体与桌面间的摩擦力可以忽略不计，原因是                         ；         ②实验时需要测量的物理量是                                        ；         ③待测质量的表达式为m=                 。 答案：物体与接触面间几乎没有压力，摩擦力几乎为零（3分）；            弹簧秤示数F、圆周运动的半径R、圆周运动的周期T（3分）；            FT2/4（3分） （2）（9分）图1中电源电动势为E，内阻可忽略不计；电流表   具有一定的内阻，电压表    的内阻不是无限大，S为单刀双掷开关，R为待测电阻。当S向电压表一侧闭合时，电压表读数为U1，电流表读数为I1；当S向R一侧闭合时，电流表读数为I2。     ⑴根据已知条件与测量数据，可以得出待测电阻R＝           。     ⑵根据图1所给出的电路，在图2的各器件实物图之间画出连接的导线。                     19、 连线如图             20．（15分）如图所示，物体A重10N，物体与竖直墙的动摩擦因系数为0．4，用一个与水平方向成37°角的力F作用在物体上，要使物体A沿墙向下作匀速运动则该力的大小为多大？（g取10m/s2，sin37°=0．6，结果保留两位有效数字）   20．（15分） A沿竖直墙面向下匀速时： F2sin37°+Ff2-G=0 F2cos37°－FN2=0 Ff2=μFN2 F2==10．9(N) 故所求的力的大小为10．9N   21. （19分）下表是一辆电动自行车的部分技术指标，其中额定车速是指电动车满载情况下在平直道路上以额定功率匀速行驶的速度。 额定 车速 载车 质量 载重 电源 电源输 出电压 充电 时间 额定输出 功率 电动机额定工作电压和电流 18km/h 40kg 80kg 36V/12Ah ≥36V 6~8h 180W 36V/6A   请参考表中数据，完成下列问题（g取10 m/s2）：    （1）此车所配电动机的内阻是多少？    （2）在行驶过程中电动机受阻力是车重（包括载重）的K倍，试计算K的大小。    （3）若电动车满载时以额定功率行驶，当车速为3m/s时的加速度为多少？ 解：（1）从表中可知，输出功率P出= 180W， 输入功率P入=UI=36×6W=216W     ①      Pr=I2r=P入-P出           ② r =          ③    （2）P额=f=K(M+m)g    ④    K=      ⑤    （3） P额=F                  ⑥    F-K（M+m）g=（M+m）a       ⑦ 由⑥、⑦得：a=0.2米/秒2      22．（20分）核聚变反应需要几百万度以上的高温，为了把高温条件下高速运动的离子约束在小范围内，通常采用磁约束的方法（托卡马克装置）。现用下述简化的模型来研究这一问题，如图所示，两个同心圆为匀强磁场的内外边界，，，磁场方向垂直纸面向里，已知带正电粒子的比荷，匀强磁场的磁感应强度，带正电的粒子以某一速度v从内边界上的A点射入磁场区域。不考虑带电粒子因高速运动产生的相对论效应。 （1）导出带电粒子在磁场区域中作圆周运动的轨道半径r与上述各量的关系式（用已知量字母代号q．m．B．v表示）； （2）若上述带电粒子从A点沿半径方向射入磁场区域恰好不穿出外边界，请在图中画出粒子的运动轨迹示意图； （3）若大量上述粒子从A点沿各个方向射入磁场区域，求所有粒子均不穿出磁场区域外边界时粒子的最大速度v0。             22．（20分） （1）带电粒子从A点射入磁场区域后，由牛顿运 动定律和向心力公式得           ①     （2分） ∴           ②     （2分） （2）粒子运动轨迹如图1所示。  （6分） （3）由①式得带电粒子运动速率 ，即v与r成正比。 由题意可知，该粒子从A点射入磁场区域又不离开磁场外边界的最小可能轨道半径（如图2）               ③    （4分） 由此可得粒子从A点射入磁场区域又不离开磁场 外边界的允许的最大速率                 ④    （2分） ∴        ⑤    （2分） 代入数据解得    ⑥  （2分 29．（12分）【物理3―5】(1) 紫外线照射到一些物质时，会发生荧光效应，即物质发出可见光。这些物质中的原子先后发生两次跃迁，其能量变化分别为△El和△E2，下列关于原子这两次跃迁的说法中正确的是           。(填选项前的编号)       ③       ①两次均向高能级跃迁，且         ②两次均向低能级跃迁，且       ③先向高能级跃迁，再向低能级跃迁，且       ④先向高能级跃迁，再向低能级跃迁，且 （2）如图所示的装置中，木块B与水平桌面间的接触是光滑的，子弹A沿水平方向射入木块后留在木块内，将弹簧压缩到最短．现将子弹．木块和弹簧合在一起作为研究对象（系统），则此系统在从子弹开始射入木块到弹簧压缩至最短的整个过程中    A．动量守恒．机械能守恒    B．动量不守恒．机械能不守恒    C．动量守恒．机械能不守恒    D．动量不守恒．机械能守恒              B           试题详情 关 闭 试题分类 高中 数学英语物理化学生物地理 初中 数学英语物理化学生物地理 小学 数学英语 其他 阅读理解答案已回答习题未回答习题题目汇总试卷汇总练习册解析答案