060]解:(1)根据题意,得
,解得
抛物线的解析式为,顶点坐标是(2,4)
(2),设直线的解析式为
直线经过点点
(3)存在.,,,
058]解:(1)令,得 解得,令,得
∴ A B C ··········· 3分
(2)∵OA=OB=OC= ∴BAC=ACO=BCO=
∵AP∥CB,∴PAB=,过点P作PE轴于E,
则APE为等腰直角三角形
令OE=,则PE= ∴P
∵点P在抛物线上 ∴
解得,(不合题意,舍去) ∴PE=················································· 4分
∴四边形ACBP的面积=AB•OC+AB•PE=························ 5分
(3). 假设存在∵PAB=BAC = ∴PAAC
∵MG轴于点G, ∴MGA=PAC =
在Rt△AOC中,OA=OC= ∴AC=,在Rt△PAE中,AE=PE= ∴AP= ·· 6分
设M点的横坐标为,则M
①点M在轴左侧时,则
(ⅰ) 当AMG PCA时,有=∵AG=,
MG=即 解得(舍去)
(舍去)………7分
(ⅱ) 当MAG PCA时有=
即 ,解得:(舍去)
∴M ·································································································· 8分
② 点M在轴右侧时,则
(ⅰ) 当AMG PCA时有=
∵AG=,MG=
∴ 解得(舍去) ∴M
(ⅱ) 当MAGPCA时有= 即
解得:(舍去) ∴M ∴存在点M,使以A、M、G三点为顶点的三角形与PCA相似,M点的坐标为,,
[059]解:(1)∵四边形ABCD和四边形AEFG是正方形
∴AB=AD,AE=AG,∠BAD=∠EAG=90º
∴∠BAE+∠EAD=∠DAG+∠EAD
∴∠BAE=∠DAG
∴△ BAE≌△DAG …………4分
(2)∠FCN=45º …………5分
理由是:作FH⊥MN于H
∵∠AEF=∠ABE=90º
∴∠BAE +∠AEB=90º,∠FEH+∠AEB=90º
∴∠FEH=∠BAE 又∵AE=EF,∠EHF=∠EBA=90º
∴△EFH≌△ABE …………7分
∴FH=BE,EH=AB=BC,∴CH=BE=FH
∵∠FHC=90º,∴∠FCH=45º …………8分
(3)当点E由B向C运动时,∠FCN的大小总保持不变,…………9分
由已知可得∠EAG=∠BAD=∠AEF=90º
结合(1)(2)得∠FEH=∠BAE=∠DAG
又∵G在射线CD上,∠GDA=∠EHF=∠EBA=90º
∴△EFH≌△GAD,△EFH∽△ABE ……11分
∴EH=AD=BC=b,∴CH=BE,∴==
∴在Rt△FEH中,tan∠FCN===
∴当点E由B向C运动时,∠FCN的大小总保持不变,tan∠FCN=
056]解:(1) C(3,0);
(2)①抛物线,令=0,则=, ∴A点坐标(0,c).
∵,∴ ,∴点P的坐标为().
∵PD⊥轴于D,∴点D的坐标为(). ……………………………………5分
根据题意,得a=a′,c= c′,∴抛物线F′的解析式为.
又∵抛物线F′经过点D(),∴.……………6分
∴.又∵,∴.∴b:b′=.
②由①得,抛物线F′为.
令y=0,则. ∴.
∵点D的横坐标为∴点C的坐标为().
设直线OP的解析式为.∵点P的坐标为(),
∴,∴,∴.
∵点B是抛物线F与直线OP的交点,∴.∴.
∵点P的横坐标为,∴点B的横坐标为.
把代入,得.
∴点B的坐标为.∴BC∥OA,AB∥OC.(或BC∥OA,BC =OA),
∴四边形OABC是平行四边形.
又∵∠AOC=90°,∴四边形OABC是矩形.
[057](1)
(2)∵,,∴
当点 在上运动时,,
;
当点 在上运动时,作于点,
有∵,∴
∴
(3)当时,,,
此时,过各顶点作对边的平行线,与坐标轴无第二个交点,所以点不存在;
当时,,,此时,、
055](1)过点作轴,垂足为,
又,
,
点的坐标为;············································ 4分
(2)抛物线经过点,则得到,························ 5分
解得,所以抛物线的解析式为;············································· 7分
(3)假设存在点,使得仍然是以为直角边的等腰直角三角形:
若以点为直角顶点;
则延长至点,使得,得到等腰直角三角形,··························· 8分
过点作轴,;
,可求得点;········· 11分
则过点作,且使得,得到等腰直角三角形,·············· 12分
过点作轴,同理可证;··············································· 13分
,可求得点;················································ 14分
经检验,点与点都在抛物线上.···························· 16分
054](1)由抛物线经过点A(0,1),C(2,4),
得解得
∴抛物线对应的函数关系式为:.······························· (2分)
(2)当时,P点坐标为(1,1),∴Q点坐标为(2,0).
当时,P点坐标为(2,3),∴Q点坐标为(5,0).···························· (5分)
(3)当≤2时,.S.
当≤5时,.S. (8分)
当时,S的最大值为2.································································ (10分)
053]解:(1)设,把代入,得,··························· 2分
∴抛物线的解析式为:.顶点的坐标为.······························· 5分
(2)设直线解析式为:(),把两点坐标代入,
得解得.∴直线解析式为.······················ 7分
,∴················ 9分
.···························································· 10分
∴当时,取得最大值,最大值为.······························································ 11分
(3)当取得最大值,,,∴.∴四边形是矩形.
作点关于直线的对称点,连接.
法一:过作轴于,交轴于点.
设,则.
在中,由勾股定理,.
解得.∵,∴.
由,可得,.∴.
∴坐标.································································································ 13分
法二:连接,交于点,分别过点作的垂线,垂足为.
易证.∴.
设,则.∴,.
由三角形中位线定理,.
∴,即.
∴坐标.······················································· 13分
把坐标代入抛物线解析式,不成立,所以不在抛物线上.·················· 14分
051]解:(1),(-1,0),B(3,0).···················· 3分
(2)如图14(1),抛物线的顶点为M(1,-4),连结OM.
则 △AOC的面积=,△MOC的面积=,△MOB的面积=6,∴ 四边形 ABMC的面积=△AOC的面积+△MOC的面积+△MOB的面积=9.························································ 6分
说明:也可过点M作抛物线的对称轴,将四边形ABMC的面
积转化为求1个梯形与2个直角三角形面积的和.
(3)如图14(2),设D(m,),连结OD.
则 0<m<3, <0. 且 △AOC的面积=,△DOC的面积=,
△DOB的面积=-(),
∴ 四边形 ABDC的面积=△AOC的面积+△DOC的面积+△DOB的面积
==.
∴ 存在点D,使四边形ABDC的面积最大为.
(4)有两种情况:
如图14(3),过点B作BQ1⊥BC,交抛物线于点Q1、交y轴于点E,连接Q1C.
∵ ∠CBO=45°,∴∠EBO=45°,BO=OE=3.
∴ 点E的坐标为(0,3). ∴ 直线BE的解析式为.························· 12分
由 解得 ∴ 点Q1的坐标为(-2,5).········ 13分
如图14(4),过点C作CF⊥CB,交抛物线于点Q2、交x轴于点F,连接BQ2.
∵ ∠CBO=45°,∴∠CFB=45°,OF=OC=3.
∴ 点F的坐标为(-3,0).∴ 直线CF的解析式为.························ 14分
由 解得
∴点Q2的坐标为(1,-4).综上,在抛物线上存在点Q1(-2,5)、Q2(1,-4),
使△BCQ1、△BCQ2是以BC为直角边的直角三角形.
[052]解:(1)根据题意,得
解得..(2分)
(2)当时,得或,
∵,当时,得,
∴,∵点在第四象限,∴.····································· (4分)
当时,得,∴,
∵点在第四象限,∴.································································ (6分)
(3)假设抛物线上存在一点,使得四边形为平行四边形,则
,点的横坐标为,
当点的坐标为时,点的坐标为,
∵点在抛物线的图象上,∴,∴,
∴,∴(舍去),∴,
∴.························································································· (9分)
∴,∴(舍去),,∴,∴.
051]如图14(1),抛物线与x轴交于A、B两点,与y轴交于点C(0,).[图14(2)、图14(3)为解答备用图]
(1) ,点A的坐标为 ,点B的坐标为 ;
(2)设抛物线的顶点为M,求四边形ABMC的面积;
(3)在x轴下方的抛物线上是否存在一点D,使四边形ABDC的面积最大?若存在,请求出点D的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由;
(4)在抛物线上求点Q,使△BCQ是以BC为直角边的直角三角形.