A．facilities  B．destination  C．inhabitants  D．cost  E．dislike

F．quickly   G．grow       H．first-class   I．advance  J local

       Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the  41  of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to  42   tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy. It is important to think about the people of a  43   country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country, keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also  44   the wealth and happiness of  45   inhabitants.

       Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too  46  , people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.

       On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals,  47   roads, and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international class tourism hotel can  48   as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.

　　Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support  49   as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists , jobs and money are lost.

III．Reading Comprehension

       Section A （15分）

       Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

      Farmers, as we all know, have been having a hard time of it lately, and have turned to new ways of earning income from their land. This involves not only planting new kinds of crops, but some___50___ways of making money, the most unusual of which has got to be sheep  51  . Yes, you heard me___52___! A farmer now holds sheep races on a regular basis, and during the past year over 100,000 people have___53___to watch the race. "I was passing the farm on my way to the sea for a holiday," one punter (赛马经纪人) told me, "and I thought I'd have a look. I didn't believe it was serious to tell you the truth. "According to a(n)   54    visitor, betting on sheep is more interesting than betting on  55  ." At proper horse races everyone has already studied the form of the horse ___56 ___, and there are clear favourites. ___57___nobody has heard anything about these ___58___! Most people find it  59   to tell one from another in any case. "I stayed to watch the races, and I must admit that I found it quite___60___. In a usual sheep race, half a dozen sheep race down hill over a course of about half a mile. 61  is waiting for them at the other end of the___62___just to give them some encouragement, I ought to add! The sheep run surprisingly fast, ___63___they have probably not eaten for a while. Anyway, the crowd around me were obviously enjoying their day out at the races, ___64___by their happy faces and the sense of excitement.

50．A．common             B．strange                C．swift                   D．illegal

51．A．racing                 B．hunting               C．raising                D．eating

52．A．honestly              B．surprisingly         C．completely          D．correctly

53．A．showed off          B．brought up          C．turned up            D．looked forward

54．A．regular                B．unexpected          C．professional         D．accustomed

55．A．farms                  B．horses                 C．stocks                 D．races

56．A．behind time         B．in progress          C．in advance           D．in time

57．A．But                    B．Therefore            C．Moreover            D．Otherwise

58．A．horses                 B．sheep                  C．races                   D．stories

59．A．easy                    B．impossible           C．normal                D．difficult

60．A．exciting              B．dangerous            C．boring                 D．peculiar

61．A．Visitors               B．Farmers              C．Food                   D．Money

62．A．race                    B．hill                     C．track                   D．field

63．A．if                       B．so                       C．yet                      D．although

64．A．observing            B．judging               C．considering          D．inferring

Section B（35分）

       Directions: Red the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

A

    One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores. restaurants，and hotels，at home，across the country，and even abroad，and they make many banking services available as well，More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically，making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations，whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the“ cashless society” is not on the horizon-it’s already here.

While computers offer these conveniences to consumers，they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records，including who sold what，when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.

Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.

65．According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to      .

A．withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes

B．obtain more convenient services than other people do

C．enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper

D．cash moneys where she wishes to

66．The phrase “ring up sales”(Line 2,Para.2) most probably means“     ”.

A．make an order of goods                        B．record sales on a cash register

C．call the sales manager                           D．keep track of the goods in stock

67．What is this passage mainly about?

A．Approaches to the commercial use of computers.

B．Conveniences brought about by computers in business.

C．Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.

D．Advantages of credit cards in business.

B

       The cohesiveness(内聚力) of a family seems to rely on members sharing certain routine practices and events. For a growing share of the American labor force, however, working shifts beyond the normal daylight hours--- what we here call “shiftwork” ―makes the lives of families difficult.

       Existing research shows that both male and female shiftworkers express high levels of stress and a sense of conflict between the demands of work and family life. But shiftwork couples still maintain a traditional attitude about the meaning of marriage and the individual roles of husband and wife. They expressed a willingness to do “whatever it takes” to approximate their view of a proper marriage, including sacrificing sleep and doing conventional things at unconventional hours. For the majority of couples interviewed-----even when wives worked outside their homes a proper marriage is characterized by a very clear division of roles: husbands are “providers” whose major responsibility is to support the family; wives are “homemakers” who clean, cook, and care for husbands and children.

       As couples encountered shiftwork schedules, however, initial expectations about what it would take to create a marriage and family were put to test. One woman expressed her dreams about what marriage was supposed to be:

--It would make me feel like I had more of a home atmosphere, you know. That’s the way I always expected being married having the husband go off, come in the evenings and spend the rest of the evenings together, you know that’s the way we thought it would be. It doesn’t work out that way.”

       The women’s definitions of a “good husband” are typified by the following wife’s response:

       I expect him to be a good provider, and be there when I need him, loyal about the same things as he would expect out of me, expect that I expect him to dominate over me. But in a manner of speaking when it’s time to be a man. I expect him to stand up instead of sitting back expecting me to do everything.

       To husbands, a good wife was someone who was:

       Understanding of what I feel go through at work. I need that respect at work. I hope I get it at work. I want my wife to realize what I expect at work. I don’t want her to give me a lot shit when I come home from work because----I don’t know if this makes much sense.

These views seemed critical to maintain the families of the shiftworkers.

68．Despite ______, shiftwork couples still hoped to maintain a stable life.

       A．traditional beliefs about marriage         B．lack of control over time

       C．a very clear division of roles              D．the demands of work

69．From the selection,  we can conclude that female shiftworkers were not satisfied with ______.

       A．their work      

       B．their children

       C．their husband’s inability to protect the family and provide companionship.

       D．leisure activities

70．What is implied by the author?

       A．Shiftwork had a direct effect on the attitudes and behavior of family members.

       B．Shiftworkers could live a normal life.

       C．Shiftwork couples had unconventional ideas about marriage.

       D．Female shiftworkers were satisfied with the time spent together with their families.

71．In order to continue the marriage of the shiftworkers, ________.

       A．wives must learn to care for the children when their husbands are absent

       B．shiftwork couples must administer their time and activities

       C． wives mustn’t adapt their own feelings of boredom to their husbands’ work

       D．All of these

C

    Ideas about polite behavior are different from one culture to another. Some societies, such as America and Australia are mobile and very open. People here change jobs and move house quite often. As a result, they have a lot of relationships that often last only a short time, So it’s normal to have friendly conversations with people that they have just met, and you can talk about things that other cultures would regard as personal.

    On the other hand there are more crowded and less mobile societies where long ? term relationships are more important. A Malaysian or Mexican business person will want to get to know you very well before he or she feels happy to start business. But when you do get to know each other, the relationship becomes much deeper than it would in a mobile society.

    To Americans, both Europeans and Asians seem cool and formal at first. On the other hand, as a passenger from a less mobile society put it, it’s no fun spending several hours next to a stranger who wants to tell you all about his or her life and asks you all sorts of questions that you don’t want to answer.

    Cross-cultural differences aren’t just a problem for travelers, but also for the flights that carry them. All flights want to provide the best service, but ideas about good service are different place to place. This can be seen most clearly in the way that problems are dealt with.

       Some societies have “universalist” cultures. These societies strongly respect rules, and they treat every person and situation in basically the same way. ‘Particularist’ societies, on the other hand, also have rules, but they are less important than the society’s unwritten ideas about what is right or wrong for a particular situation or a particular person. So the normal rules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person.

    This difference can cause problems. A traveler from a particularist society, India, is checking in for a flight in Germany, a country which has a universalist culture. The Indian traveler has too much luggage, but he explains that he has been away from home for a long time and the suitcases are full of presents for his family. He expects that the check ? in official will understand his problem and will change the rules for him. The check ? in official explains that if he was allowed to have too much luggage, it wouldn’t be fair to the other passengers. But the traveler thinks this is unfair, because the other passengers don’t have his problem.

72．Often moving from one place to another makes people like Americans and Australians       .

    A．like traveling better                            

    B．easy to communicate with

    C．difficult to make real friends

    D．have a long ? term relationship with their neighbors

73．A person from a less mobile society will feel it      when a stranger keeps talking to him or her, and asking him or her questions.

    A．boring             B．friendly            C．normal            D．rough

74．In “particularist societies”,          .

    A．they have no rules for people to obey

    B．people obey the society’s rules completely

    C．no one obeys the society’s rules though they have

    D．the society’s rules can be changed with different persons or situations

75．The writer of the passage thinks that the Indian and the German have different ideas about rules because of different          .

A．interests                                             B．cultures             

C．habits and customs                               D．ways of life

D

       The days of elderly women doing nothing but cooking huge meals on holidays are gone. Enter the Red Hat Society―a group holding the belief that old ladies should have fun.

       “My grandmothers didn’t do anything but keep house and serve everybody. They were programmed to do that,” said Emils Comette, head of a chapter of the 7-year-old Red Hat Society.

       While men have long spent their time fishing and playing golf, women have sometimes seemed to become unnoticed as they age. But the generation now turning 50 is the baby boomers(生育高峰期出生的人), and the same people who refused their parents’ way of being young are now trying a new way of growing old.

       If you take into consideration feminism(女权主义), a bit of spare money, and better health for most elderly, the Red Hat Society looks almost inevitable(必然的). In this society, women over 50 wear red hats and purple(紫色的) clothes, while the women under 50 wear pink hats and light purple clothing.

       “The organization took the idea from a poem by Jenny Joseph that begins: “When I am an old woman, I shall wear purple. With a red hat which doesn’t go,” said Ellen Cooper, who founded the Red Hat Society in 1998. When the ladies started to wear the red hats, they attracted lots of attention.

       “The point of this is that we need a rest from always doing something for someone else,” Cooper said. “Women feel so ashamed and sorry when they do something for themselves.” This is why chapters are discouraged from raising money or doing anything useful. “We’re a ladies’ play group. It couldn’t be more simple,” added Cooper’s assistant Joe Heywood.

76．The underlined word “chapter” in paragraph 2 means __________.

      A．one branch of an organization              B．a written agreement of a club

      C．one part of a collection of poems          D．a period in a society’s history

77．From the text , we know that the “baby boomers” are a group of people who        .

       A．have gradually become more noticeable  

       B．are worried about getting old too quickly 

       C．are enjoying a good life with plenty of money to spend

       D．tried living a different life from their parents when they were young

78．It could be inferred from the text that members of the Red Hat Society are          .

       A．interested in raising money for social work                            

       B．programmers who can plan well for their future

       C．believers in equality between men and women

       D．good at cooking big meals and taking care of others

79．Women join the Red Hat Society because          .

       A．they want to stay young                       

       B．they would like to appear more attractive

       C．they would like to have fun and live for themselves

       D．they want to be more like their parents

Section C

Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.