The National Gallery

Description:

The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.

Layout:

The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.

The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronese.

The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.

The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.

Opening Hours:

The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm (Fridays 10 am to 9 pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.

Getting There:

Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).

1.In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings?

A. The 20th B. The 17th

C. The 18th D. The 13th

2.Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown?

A. In the East Wing. B. In the main West Wing.

C. In the Sainsbury Wing. D. In the North Wing.

3.Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?

A. Charing Cross. B. Leicester Square.

C. Embankment. D. Piccadilly Circus.

When an ant dies, other ants take it out of the nest, often within an hour after its death. This behavior interests scientists and they wonder how ants know for sure—and so soon—that another ant is dead.

One scientist recently came up with a way to explain this ant behavior. Dong-Hwan Choe is a biologist, a scientist who studies animals and plants. He found that ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants, “I'm dead—take me away” when it is dead.

But there's a question to answer: As we know, if an ant is dead, it stops moving. But when an ant is sleeping or knocked unconscious, it is also not moving. However, other ants don't move the living ant out of the nest. How do they know this ant is not dead? Choe found that ants have another chemical on their bodies, which tells nearby ants something like, “Wait—I'm not dead yet” when it is not dead. Choe suspects that when an ant dies, the chemical that says, “Wait— I'm not dead yet” quickly goes away. When other ants detect the “dead” chemical without the “not dead yet” chemical, they move away the body.

To test his theory, Choe and his team put different chemicals on ants. When the scientists used the “I'm dead” chemical, other ants quickly moved the treated ant away. When the scientists used the “Wait—I'm not dead yet” chemical, other ants left the treated ant alone. Choe believes this behavior shows that the “not dead yet” chemical overrides the “dead” chemical when picked up by other ants. And that when an ant dies, the “not dead yet” chemical fades away. Other nearby ants then detect the remaining “dead” chemical and remove the body from the nest.

Understanding this behavior can help scientists figure out how to stop ants from invading new places and causing problems.

1.What is the function of the first paragraph?

A. Leading the following paragraphs.

B. Showing the main idea of the passage.

C. Introducing the background of the passage.

D. Giving a summary of the passage.

2.Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “overrides” in the fourth paragraph?

A. is weaker than B. is stronger than

C. is better than D. is worse than

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A. Living ants can also be taken away when they are not moving.

B. When an ant dies, it can tell others using a certain chemical.

C. A living ant can pretend to be dead using a special chemical.

D. Ants often use chemicals to communicate with each other.

4.Which of the following descriptions about Dong-Hwan Choe is right?

A. Choe did this study in order to stop ants from invading new places.

B. Choe is a biologist who is only interested in animals, especially in ants.

C. Choe first came up with an idea to explain this ant behavior，and then did some tests to prove his theory.

D. Choe did the research on this ant behavior on his own.

Can dogs and cats get along well in the same home? People who are thinking about getting a dog as a friend for their cat are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found that if the cat is taken back home before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. In two-thirds of the homes cats and dogs have a good relationship.

However, it wasn’t all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression(侵略，好斗) and fighting were found in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body languages are just different. For example, when a cat turns its head away it means aggression, while a dog doing the same means submission(顺从).

In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers found a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each other’s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk “Dog”, and dogs can learn how to talk “Cat”.

What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to become smarter. They can learn to read each other’s body languages, suggesting that the two may have more in common than was expected. Once familiar with each other’s body language, cats and dogs can play together, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa.

The importance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets — to people who don’t get along well, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even countries. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.

1.The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.

A. early B. mostly

C. quickly D. smoothly

2.Some cats and dogs may fight when ________.

A. they are cold to each other

B. they look away from each other

C. they are introduced at an early age

D. they misunderstand each other’s body languages

3.It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ________.

A. have common interests

B. are less different than was thought

C. have a common body language

D. are not so smart as was expected

4.What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?

A. We should learn to get along well with others.

B. We should know more about animals.

C. We should live in peace with animals.

D. We should learn more body languages.

Hollywood movies are regularly filled with crime and violence. They can be exciting films but sometimes all you want is a little light-hearted entertainment.

Have you heard of Bollywood? All singing, all dancing and unrealistic, it is the perfect alternative to normal Hollywood movies. Bollywood is the Indian film industry, based in Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay.1.Yet Bollywood is the largest producer of films in the world. This year the Indian Filmgare Awards, Bollywood's Oscars, turn 50 years old.

The typical Bollywood movie usually has the following ingredients: a cup of romance, a tea-spoon of comedy, a dash of international sight-seeing, served with a huge slice of singing and dancing. There will also be one brave hero, one beautiful heroine and one baddie.2.

Bollywood films are full of ideal things and free of daily worries.3. The actors change clothes and locations within a single song. But the audience don't mind. To Indian movie lovers, especially the poor, such films are a gateway to heaven and the stars are their gods. The films take them to a magical world away from their everyday troubles. The films tell them the impossible is possible and that true love conquers all.

4.Behind the beautiful scenes, Bollywood still emphasizes traditional family values. In most films, if two lovers want to break an arranged marriage, they can't just run away. They must win over their parents.

Bollywood is a decent refreshing replacement for those over-stimulating Hollywood films.5.They will take you to a brighter, cheerier and more colorful world, where it's still cool to dance around a tree and sing a love song.

A．Bollywood has gradually won its reputation on the world stage.

B．There is never any mention of politics, poverty or war.

C．Most Chinese school kids have probably never seen an Indian film.

D．Bollywood films are mostly comic romances with light-hearted incidental music.

E． Bollywood pays great attention to traditional values.

F．The result is a fun-filled musical.

G．So if you're tired of all that Hollywood actions, check out the following Bollywood films.

People come into your life for a reason, a season or a lifetime. When you ______ which one it is, you will know ______ what to do for each person.

When someone is in your life for a reason, it is ______ to meet a need you have expressed. They have come to assist you through a difficulty, to ______ you with guidance and support, to ______ you physically, emotionally or spiritually. They are there for the ______ you need them to be. Then, without any wrongdoing on your part, or at any inconvenient time, they will say or do something to bring the relationship to a(n) ______.Sometimes they die, sometimes they walk away, and ______ they act up and force you to take a stand. What you must ______ is that your need has been met, and your desire ______ .When their work is done, it's time to move on.

When people come into your life for a ______ , it is because your turn has ______ to share, grow or learn. They bring you an experience of peace, or make you ______ .They may teach you something you have ______ done. They usually give you an unbelievable amount of joy.______ it! It is real! But only for a season.

Lifetime relationships teach you lifetime ______： those things you must build upon in order to have a ______ emotional foundation. Your job is to ______ the lesson, love the person, and put what you have learned to use in all other ______ and areas of your life. It is said that love is blind but friendship is sensible.

______，thank you for being part of my life, whether you were here for a reason, a season or a lifetime.

1.A. come out B. figure out C. break out D. turn out

2.A. partly B. firmly C. frequently D. exactly

3.A. usually B. hardly C. closely D. finally

4.A. state B. instruct C. provide D. bother

5.A. aid B. show C. lead D. take

6.A. good B. delight C. benefit D. reason

7.A. order B. action C. end D. start

8.A. first B. sometimes C. seldom D. anytime

9.A. realize B. try C. tolerate D. forget

10.A. shared B. fulfilled C. followed D. protected

11.A. reason B. moment C. season D. lifetime

12.A. disappeared B. gone C. remained D. come

13.A. happy B. sad C. careful D. nervous

14.A. even B. never C. just D. ever

15.A. Forget B. Taste C. Connect D. Believe

16.A. notes B. sights C. lessons D. meanings

17.A. solid B. soft C. new D. rapid

18.A. reject B. teach C. accept D. refuse

19.A. difficulties B. professions C. works D. relationships

20.A. Above all B. After all C. In a word D. As a result

1.What some teenagers don’t realize is _________difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.

2.It suddenly_________(occur) to him that he had left his keys in the office.

3._________is clear is that taking part in some voluntary work is helpful to students.

4.There is a great deal of evidence _________(indicate) that music activities lift our spirits.

5.From the date _________(mark) out on the calendar, I know he will be busy next week.

6._________last leaves the classroom should turn off the lights .

7.-----Where did you meet him for the first time?

-----It was in the factory _________we once worked ten years ago.

8.He is opposed to sending the child to kindergarten, and that is _________I disagree.

9.________(strike) by serious flood, the city has to be restored as soon as possible.

10.My mother is grateful to the surgeon, without ________ help she would have died from her heart attack.

11.I would like to buy five ________(loaf) of bread.

12.________(short) after he graduated from college, he set up his own business.

13.He has failed the job interview, which will have a great impact ________his future.

14.A great many immigrants __________(forbid) to live on in that country because of war.

15.Follow your doctor’s advice, ________you will get better soon.

16.When the ice is heated above ________(freeze) point, it changes into liquid.

17.The government must set out ________(find) solutions to solve the problems.

18.I can’t bear young people _________(cast) away their youth.

19.Our school invited five foreign teachers, three of_________ are from America.

20.These questions are so difficult ________no one can answer.

Breakfast has been called the most important meal of the day. While every meal counts, the facts are on the table: eating in the morning has positive effects on health and on kids' 1.(able) to learn.

What's a nutritious breakfast? A meal 2.(consist) of foods from at least two of the five food groups is the healthiest， 3. the truth is that nosh (小吃) of nearly any food in the morning is better than none, especially when it comes 4. kids.

It's a good idea to get your child into the habit of eating breakfast before he begins kindergarten. That's 5. youngsters who eat breakfast tend to behave better in school. Hunger makes it harder 6.(keep) your mind focused on learning, no matter what your age. In fact, studies show breakfast skippers are often more bad?tempered and have shorter attention.

When you forget eating in the morning, blood glucose(血糖) drops. Glucose is the fuel cells' need to function, so brain cells become particularly lazy when glucose concentrations are insufficient. Without adequate energy, your minds get gray, blocking concentration and memory. Without 7. morning meal, kids are hard?pressed to meet 8.(day) nutrient needs, too.

You're 9.(probable) pressed for time in the morning, and so 10.(be) your children.

Li Hua, who will graduate from high school soon, have a talk with his father yesterday about what he should learn at a university. His father, who was proud his son's success in maths, advised Li Hua to learn economics. He said it would be easily to find out a good job whether Li Hua chose to learn economics. Li Hua, determined to became an astronaut, didn't agree with his father at all.

He told her father that since he had a strong body and a good knowledges of science, he would like to be an astronaut instead of an economist. Heard this, his father said nothing but to agree to his son, for he thought interest was very important for a person.

假如你是李华，是红星外国语学校的学生会主席，根据双方约定，你们打算今年夏天去英国Studio School进行四个星期的学习和旅游。请你写信给Studio School，就下面事宜进行通告:

1. 你们一行有30人,其中2位教师,18个男生,10位女生，希望他们安排home-stay家庭；

2. 你们计划上午上课，下午到图书馆学习，晚上自由活动，周末安排旅游。

3. 盼望对方尽早发出正式邀请，以便办理正式手续。

注意：

1. 可以适当增减细节，使其连贯完整；

2. 字数在100左右，信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇： 办理手续 go through all the procedures 正式邀请函 formal invitation

Dear Sir,

I'm Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Union of Hongxing Foreign language School.

____________________________________________________________________________________________

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A

Insects (昆虫) are a very healthy food. They have almost as much protein (蛋白质) as meat from a pig or cow and are low in fat. Eating insects is also very good for the environment since they need less land and water than larger animals.

Marcel Dicke, who studies insects, explained in a talk how insects also produce more meat from the food they eat. For example, imagine a farmer feeds a cow 10 pounds of food. Those 10 pounds of food produce about 1 pound of meat for people to eat. However, imagine the farmer gives a certain number of insects 10 pounds of food. Those 10 pounds of food produce 9 pounds of meat for people to eat!

Eating more insects can also help people in poor areas. Many people can raise and sell insects, which can provide jobs and food.

But insects will not replace (替代) animal meat very quickly. First, people in some countries would have to change how they think about eating insects. Many people in North America and Europe eat a lot of meat like beef and pork. But they do not traditionally eat insects. In fact, for many people in the west, eating insects sounds crazy! They believe insects are dirty and dangerous. Insects make them feel uncomfortable.

Some people are trying to deal with this problem. For example, David George Gordon wrote a book named “The Eat-A-Bug Cookbook”, which tries to show people that insects can be delicious. Other insect experts travel around telling people about the benefits (好处) of eating insects. But they still have a lot of work to do.

1.Eating insects _____.

A. is not healthy

B. makes people put on fat

C. helps protect large animals

D. is environmentally friendly

2.The example of Marcel Dicke is given to show _____.

A. the high cost of food production

B. it’s quite easy for farmers to raise insects

C. raising insects is a good choice for farmers

D. the different ways of feeding cows and insects

3.The long way eating insects has to go mainly results from _____.

A. their terrible taste B. people’s old beliefs

C. family traditions D. eating methods

4.We can infer from David and other insect experts that _____.

A. people can make a lot of money from insects

B. insects should be better protected

C. people should eat more insects

D. it’s dangerous to eat insects