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2009年高考《政治常识》重要考点命题预测

 

四川省宣汉县第二中学    张 鑫

           

第一单元  我国的国家制度(上)

 

【高考命题趋势】

 

    本课讲述了关于国家问题的重要观点、理论忽然知识,是政治常识的重要内容,也是高考重要考查的内容之一。国家职能、一国两制、人民代表的权利和义务在各地高考试题中均有反映。

     1、我国是人民民主专政的社会主义国家,人民是国家的主人,因此要坚持“以人为本”的执政理念。以人为本,构建社会主义和谐社会。科学发展观的本质和核心是坚持以人为本。 “和谐社会”和“社会和谐”是当前我国、经济和社会生活中的热点,中国共产党要坚持“以人为本”的执政理念。

     2、关于过埃及职能要特别重视

     特别应关注国家在坚持以人为本、促进社会和谐的建设中,在贯彻十七届三中全会精神、推进农村改革与发展中,在加强和改善宏观调控、促进经济平稳较快发展中,在创新型国家的建设中应该履行的国家职能,将在2009年高考中出现。

     3、人民代表大会制度是我国的根本政治制度,要运用当年人代会的热点重点问题,分析人民代表大会的职权,这些权力是如何行使的,结合具体事例分析人民代表应享有哪些权利和履行哪些义务。

     4、关于民主政治建设,结合我国的社会主义民主建设取得的重大成就,分析今后应如何加强社会主义民主政治建设。

     5、关注台湾问题,最终实现国家完全统一。近年来,两岸关系出现和平发展的良好态势,尤其是两岸“三通”的正式实现,具有重大的经济意义和政治意义,必将成为高考关注的热点。

【2009年考点预测】

 

     考点1、我国的国家职能

[预测依据] 这部分内容是高考命题的重要知识点,客观题和主观题都有所涉及,以主观题为主。

[角度预测]结合2009年国家在经济、政治、文化、外交等重大事件中的举措,如结合国家在抗震救灾重建家园、应对“三鹿奶粉”事件、开展对口援建共建和谐家园、落实免除城市义务教育阶段学杂费等热点问题,考查对我国的国家职能的理解、判断和运用。

考点2、我国的人民代表大会制度与人民代表

[预测依据] 首先,我国的人民代表大会制度与人民代表,是历年来高考命题的重中之重,关于某一政体类型的判断几乎每年都考。其次,这是这部分知识点比较复杂,出题角度多,可以灵活多样。再次,每年三月份两会,总是全国、乃至全世界关注的焦点,要通过一些重大的经济等方面的决策。

[角度预测] 运用相关知识分析人民代表大会的职权,这些权力是如何行使的;结合具体事例,如2009年召开的“两会”,分析人民与人民代表大会及人民代表的关系,人民代表应享有哪些权利和履行哪些义务,“两会”所体现的相关知识点及如何认识我国的人民代表大会制度,与国体,党的领导、依法治国等结合起来考查。

考点3、“一国两制”

[预测依据] “一国两制”相关的内容在高考中所占分值近年来较高;台湾问题在经常变动,时而会发生一些焦点问题,那么如何贯彻“一国两制”,实现祖国大陆与台湾完全的统一,会是我国政治生活中的热门话题,在今年高考中必会有所体现。

[角度预测]从选择题的角度考查关于“一国两制”的基础知识,以社会热点如两岸“三通”的正式实现为背景材料,以“一国两制”的知识为依托,考查祖国统一的意义、方式等。在中国共产党与中国国民党、亲民党等推动下,两岸经济、文化交流不断发展,对实现祖国的和平统一具有什么意义等。

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mwww.ks5u.com

 

 

第二单元  我国的国家制度(下)

 

【高考命题趋势】

 

   本课内容是第一课的拓展和延伸,在政治常识部分占有重要地位。近几年的高考非常重视对本部分内容的考查,力度越来越大,分值越来越高。考查最多的知识点是国家机构的组织和活动三原则、公民的权利和义务、处理好公民与国家关系的原则等。

    1、运用国家机构的组织和活动原则分析关于如果贯彻科学发展观、建设和谐社会的一系列热点问题。

2、运用国家机构对人民负责的原则,分析国家为什么坚持以人为本、促进社会和谐。

3、运用对人民负责原则以及公民在法律面前一律平等的原则,分析国家高度关注与解决就业、上学、看病难等问题。

4、运用依法治国的原则,分析我国一些法律的修订、制定、取消等,分析我国实行的官员行政问责制等。

【2009年考点预测】

 

     考点1、依法治国原则、对人民负责原则、民主集中制原则

 [预测依据] 本考点是每年高考考查的重点;三原则与国家重大方针、政策、重要活动紧密相关;而且与国家性质和国家职能存在密切联系。

    [角度预测]一是对每一个原则进行单独考查。如以保增长、改善民生(汶川灾后重建、加强铁路等基础设施建设、地方政府救楼市)等重大时政热点为载体考查对人民负责原则。

以关注公共安全(“三鹿奶粉”事件、龙岗“9•20”火灾事故、广元柑橘事件)等重大时政热点为背景材料考查依法治国原则。以2009年“两会”通过的重大决议的形成的产生过程考查对民主集中制的理解。二是与国家性质、国家职能等相结合,以主观题的形式出现,考查对知识的综合运用以及整合能力、理论联系实际的能力。

考点2、国家和公民的关系

[预测依据]一是该考点包含着若干个重要的小知识点,如公民在法律面前一律平等、监督权等。二是当前全国上下构建社会主义和谐社会这个社会大背景,社会要和谐发展,很重要的一点就是国家和公民关系要和谐。

[角度预测]一是将其中的某个小知识点拿出来,以选择题的形式出现,考查对知识的识记、理解能力。二是以主观性试题的形式出现,运用知识分析说明我国改革收入分配、关注社会公平(免除城市义务教育阶段学杂费、扩大就业、完善社会保障、重庆出租车罢运事件)等有关构建和谐社会的热点问题。

考点3、监督权

[预测依据] 主要是考查当前社会上出现的若干不良问题与整个监督不力的密切关系。比如说问责制、执法不到位问题。

[角度预测]以本年度发生的重大的社会经济生活中具体事例为载体,以选择题形式出现,考查对这个考点的理解能力。比如“三鹿奶粉”事件、龙岗“9•20”火灾事故、华南虎照片事件、云南“躲猫猫”事件等。

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mwww.ks5u.com

 

第三单元  我国的政党与政党制度

【高考命题趋势】

 

从近几年的高考试题来看,本单元知识的考查重点内容是党的性地位和作用,党的领导方式和执政方式,加强党的建设,多党合作制度等,其中比较稳定的考点是党的性质、地位和作用,以及党的领导方式和党的建设。就命题方式来说,以选择题为主,以主观题为辅。特别是在党的理论有重大突破,党有比较重大的活动或者是具有特定意义的年份时,设题的几率大为增加。试题的背景材料多为党的领导人的讲话,党的重大决策和某些具体活动。

【2009年考点预测】

 

     考点1、中国共产党的性质、地位和作用

[预测依据] 一是因为这是近几年的高考命题的重点;二是当前国内重大时政热点问题,都与这一考点相联系,比如我们党坚持以人为本的执政理念,就是要说明党的性质,再比如各种事务要在党的领导下进行,这就是要说明党的领导地位和作用。

[角度预测] 一是考查单个知识点,以选择题的形式出现,考查考生对小知识点的理解把握能力。二是结合本年度党的重大决策和某些具体活动为背景材料,比如,中央印发未来五年反腐败工作规划,加强惩治和预防农村腐败;交纳特殊党费;坚持以人为本的执政理念、注重社会公平;转变政府职能、关注安全问题、就业是民生之本;2009年“两会”等等,运用国家性质、国家机构的性质和组织原则、国家职能等知识,考查考生对知识点内在联系的整合能力,以及变通、迁移运用能力。

考点2、中国共产党的执政方式

[预测依据]科学执政、民主执政、依法执政这三种执政方式,与当前全国上下贯彻科学发展观、努力推进政治文明建设和继续加强依法治国等重大方针政策密切相关。

[角度预测]主要结合中央决定开展深入学习实践科学发展观活动,考查对科学执政、民主执政、依法执政这三种执政方式的含义和内在的关系的理解。

 

第四单元  我国民族与宗教

【高考命题趋势】

 

近的高考题在本单元的命题虽然不多,但我们坚决不能掉以轻心,它的命题特点往往与社会热点联系密切,而且对我国的民族和宗教问题多从正面考查,应引起我们足够的重视。

从题型设计看,本单元以选择题和简答题为主,几乎没有出现过其他题型。如果仅看全国卷,甚至只有选择题一类题型,换句话说没有出现过主观题,仅仅在试点地区的试卷上出现过几道简答题。这一趋向应引起考生的足够的重视。今后高考命题可能仍主要是选择题,但使用综合卷的地区应注意,文综试卷主观题全部以综合论述题的形式出现,有些设问实际保持了简答题的设计风格,答案也力求简明、规范。结合最近国家的政策和发展形势,与此有关的比较重要的问题是关于民族地区的发展,则有可能从坚持处理民族关系的方针和民族区域自治政策的重要性角度进行考查,还有就是西部大开发、建设和谐社会,全面建设小康社会。此外,要注意我国在民族宗教工作的新思路、新政策、新动向,注意结合民族政策、宗教政策对其进行分析。

【2009年考点预测】

 

     考点1、我国处理民族关系的三大原则、民族区域自治制度

[预测依据] 首先,这是每年高考在本单元命题的重点所在,出现的频率比较高。其次,民族平等、民族团结、各民族共同繁荣原则和民族区域自治制度,很容易和当前社会关注的西部大开民族自治地区的经济、文化发展等结合。

[角度预测]一是考查单个知识点,以选择题形式考查考生对基础知识的理解把握。二是与其他知识结合,分析当前我国民族地区的发展的重大事件,以主观性试题形式出现,考查我国民族关系原则和政策实施的意义和进行的具体措施。比如结合宁夏回族自治区成立50周年、西藏民主改革50周年等取得的历史性辉煌成就以及构建社会主义和谐社会,考查我国处理民族关系的基本原则、民族区域自治制度和我国国家职能。

考点2、宗教信仰自由、科学世界观、封建迷信

[预测依据] 首先,宗教信仰自由政策本身包含的知识点比较多而且重要,出题点也较多。其次是当前国家比较重视世界观教育、社会也关注科学世界观的导向作用。再次,社会上封建迷信活动经常以所谓“新形式”出现,带来了不良的影响。

[角度预测]一是考查对宗教信仰、科学世界观和封建迷信关系的理解、本质区别及一定的联系。二是结合我国政府在民族地区采取的一些政策,比如国务院发布《西藏文化的保护与发展》、《西藏民主改革50周年》等白皮书,通过宗教界进行的各种宗教活动,考查对宗教信仰自由内容的全面性、变通性理解,考试中仍然以选择题形式出现。

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mwww.ks5u.com

 

 

第五单元   国际社会和我国的对外政策

【高考命题趋势】

 

本单元是政治常识的重点内容。主权国家是国际社会的基本成员,国家利益和国家力量是国际关系的决定因素,联合国在国际社会中发挥着巨大的不可替代的作用。和平与发展是当今时代的主题,建立国际新秩序是解决和平与发展问题的有效途径。在错综复杂的国际形式下,中国始终奉行独立自主的和平外交政策。由于上述内容同当前出现的重大热点问题有密切联系,所以一直是高考命题的重点。从近几年高考看,本单元将从以下两方面的热点着手:

1、走和平发展道路,中国积极开展大国关系战略,推动建设和谐世界。

大国关系(中俄边界谈判、中日战略互惠关系“四点建议”、中美关系);朝核问题六方会谈;上海合作组织峰会;美国大选;胡锦涛访问亚非五国。

我国政府在稳定和发展与大国的关系上,一直坚持“为国家经济利益做贡献”的原则,从“大国是关键,周边是首要”的观点出发,积极开展与大国的合作外交。发展与大国的关系,是中国外交战略的重点。在处理与大国关系中,中国与世界大国和国家集团在经济上共赢互利,已成为进一步发展与大国关系的主线。

通过中俄边界谈判,我国与俄罗斯的战略伙伴关系得到了进一步的提升;中日战略互惠关系“四点建议”,表明中日关系得到了进一步的改善;美国金融危机的爆发,中美关系的交流与合作得到了进一步的加强;中国与欧盟在经贸关系方面得到了进一步的发展;中法、中德关系发展良好。

2、加强国际交流与合作,应对国际金融风暴。2008天津夏季达沃斯论坛年会;亚欧45首脑聚北京迎战金融危机、二十国集团金融峰会;亚太经济合作组织第十六次领导人非正式会议;上海合作组织峰会;胡锦涛访问亚非五国;温家宝总理出席2009年“两会”记者招待会上,指出:危机当前,信心比黄金更重要。

【2009年考点预测】

 

     考点1、国家利益和国家力量决定国际关系及其变化

[预测依据]首先,这是高考命题中出现频率比较高的知识点,几乎是每年必考的内容;其次,本考点在题目设置上,取材非常广泛,每年的国际形势都有引人注意的地方,各国外交政策总在不断作出调整,这都可以作为出题的背景材料。

[角度预测]一是单独考查本知识点。选取小的背景材料,以选择题的形式出现,二是结合其他知识,依托大背景,以主观试题的形式出现,考查考生的综合运用能力和知识整合的能力。

考点2、我国外交政策的五个基本点

[预测依据]首先,在经济全球化和政治多极化的大趋势下,我国必然要进行各种各样的外活动,这些外交活动中必然会体现我国外交政策的基本内容;其次,这是本单元知识体系的重点和高考命题的重点,必须给予高度重视。

[角度预测]主要是结合其他知识点,如我国的国家性质、对外职能、国际关系的决定因素、国际竞争、和平与发展、联合国等,以主观试题形式出现,考查考生多角度、多层次分析问题的能力。

 

试题详情

湖北省宜昌一中2009届高三年级理科综合能力测试(二)

命题人:黄琼 高晓军 龙信和        时间:150分钟  总分300

I卷(共126分)

以下数据可供解题时参考:相对原子质量(原子量): Mg   24; Al  27

试题详情

2008-2009学年度

湖北省补习学校联合体大联考

语 文 试 题

命题学校:新洲区高中文化补习中心               命题人:巴晓华

审题学校:江夏区补习学校                       审题人:彭丽红

考试时间:2008年12月28日

本试卷分为试题和答卷两部分。试题共8页(1―8页),答卷共4页(1―4页)。共150分。考试时间150分钟。

注意事项:

1、请考生务必将学校名、考生姓名、考号填写在答卷的指定位置。

2、所有题目答案均请写在答卷上指定的区域。

3、考试结束后,请监考人员将答卷按顺序收取。

 

试题详情

 剖析图表  提取信息  回归教材

――巧解图表型试题

河北临西一中  徐爱香

图表试题是中考中一种常见题型。此种题型以图表为载体,形象直观、信息量大,能够考查学生的分析、综合、判断、推理能力,尤其能够考查学生提取、处理信息的能力。图表一般包括:标题、图表、数据。现在介绍一下此题的解答步骤:

第一步,认真阅读标题。标题是图表的眼睛,是整个内容的浓缩,是解答试题的钥匙。第二步,仔细观察比较项。图标是试题的主要载体,试题的主要内容是以图表表现出来的,我们一定要学会分析图标,学会观察比较,包括横向比较与纵向比较。通过观察、比较,能从图表中得出变化趋势、规律和发展趋势等。应注意一点,图表有柱状图、曲线图和表格等,观察图表的内容,要注意图表中的时间、类别等,注意图表中的数据的变化情况及对比情况,如果是多个图表,还要注意图表间的对比情况。第三步,细读图表的“注角”,在图表下面时常会出现一些文字进行说明,此称为“注角”,它主要对图表起到补充说明的作用,注角对理解图表内容起着重要的作用,是“图表分析型”试题的重要组成部分,对解题有着重要的提示作用。第四步,提取信息,回归教材,组织答案。图标所要揭示的问题,往往就是我们在教材中学过的基本知识点、基本原理等。因此,通过全面分析图表提取有效的信息后,要在教材中寻找相关的知识点,找出解题依据。注意在解题时,除了要准确的表达出图表的寓意之外,还要运用教材的知识对图表所揭示的问题进行分析,用发散思维作答,即多层次、多角度组织答案,组织答案时要使用规范语言。

例如:(2006年 河北)

阅读图表,简要回答问题。

我国《国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划纲要》中有关指标

降低(减少)的指标

提高(达到)的指标

单位国内生产总值能源消耗

降低20%左右

森林覆盖率

达到20%

主要污染物排放总量

减少10%

工业固体废气物综合利用率

提高到60%

注:“十一五”时期是指2006-2010年。

(1)上述指标是针对什么国情提出的?提出这些指标对我国社会经济的发展有何意义?

(2)保护环境,人人有责。请写出你保护环境的两个具体做法。

解答此题,首先要阅读图表的标题:《国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划纲要》中有关指标,标题指示我们要关注我国“十一五”国民经济和社会发展的趋势。接着再分析图表,进行比较。从横向来看,比较的对象是降低(减少)的指标和提高(达到)的指标。从纵向来看,比较的降低对象是单位国内生产总值能源消耗、主要污染物排放总量及提高的对象是森林覆盖率、工业固体废气物综合利用率等。通过比较可以看出当前我国资源短缺,环境污染严重,我国面临严峻的资源和环境形势,我国发展的目的是加强对环境、资源的保护。然后,看注角:“十一五”时期是指2006-2010年,这启示要了解在“十一五”的期间,国家制订的方针、政策及我们青少年应该怎样做等,同时还启示我们要关注时政热点。最后,结合我国的基本国情和实施的战略及实施战略的意义进行回答即可。第二问,教材中没有具体的解答可以结合实际行动进行回答。

试题详情

2009中考考点梳理五:成语学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

专家解读考点:学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

  2008年全国中考试题对成语的考查,主要涉及到下述四个方面:①正确理解与运用课文中出现的常见成语;②辨析常用成语在不同语言环境中的不同意义;③了解成语的基本含义和所携带的故事意义;④判断成语使用的正误,辨析常用成语的感情色彩;⑤根据具体的语境意义写出成语,理解成语中加点字的含义。考查的依据主要是在学生所学课文中出现的常用成语,试题载体主要来自于课外。
  题型分析:2008年全国中考试题中的成语试题,在题型上主要有:①选择题:选出成语和释义等搭配有误的一项;选出对成语中加点字解释有误的一项;选出句子中加点成语解释有错误的一项;选出成语中加点字字义相同的一项;选出句子中加点成语使用正确或不正确的―项;选出语段空缺处依次填入成语最恰当的一项或两项;选出对句子中加点成语使用错误分析不正确的一项。②填空题:填字将成语补充完整;以一个成语的四个字为开头各写一个与其意思相近的成语;根据具体语言环境要求填写相应的成语;根据相关提示在语段中填写成语;在语段中用相关的成语替换画线文字。③简答题:简要评说借用成语制作的广告词。
  解题策略:成语试题主要考查考生理解和运用成语的能力。对教材中出现的常用成语,要联系生活实际从理解和运用两个角度进行复习;注意对成语基本含义或成语中的某一个字的理解;纠正广告中基于技巧误用、错用的成语等。学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

典型例题透视:学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

   依次填入下面这段文字横线上的成语,正确的一项是()
  汶川地震,举世同悲;    ,患难与共,尤显炎黄子孙血浓于水的同胞情。
  国殇之日,重生之时;中国挺住,四川雄起,愈见华夏儿女    的民族魂。
  A.风雨飘摇百炼成钢 B.风雨飘摇 百折不挠
  C.风雨同舟 百炼成钢 D.风雨同舟 百折不挠
  (2008年福建福州市中考试题)
  答案:D
  透视:这是一道选择题,正确选项为D。此题主要考查考生正确运用成语填空的能力。试题载体来自“5?12”汶川大地震的有关报道。解答这道题,考生首先要读一遍试题材料,唤起“5?12”汶川大地震以来全国人民抗震救灾的回忆;其次是要结合具体语言环境对选项中四组不同搭配的成语进行辨析;第三是根据“同胞情”“民族魂”选出正确的选项。学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

常见失误分析:学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

   成语是我国语言文化中一道独特的风景线,试根据相关提示用初中古文中出现的成语补全文段。
  当前行中暂时落后时,我们是选择沉沦退缩还是奋勇向上?吴下阿蒙说我们当努力向上,总有一天让别人发出“    ”的感叹。在道义面前,面临生与死的抉择时,我们是选择苟且的生,还是凛然的死?孟子说我们当    
  (2008年湖北黄石市中考试题)
  答案:士别三日,(当)刮目相看;舍生取义
  分析:此题是一道填空题,主要考查考生在具体的语境中运用成语填空的能力。要求填写的这两个成语都出自考生所学的古文中。正确答案为“士别三日,(当)刮目相看”和“舍生取义”。解答此题,考生容易忽略题干要求,不与文段内容以及考生学过的相关古文相联系,从而导致误填。解误方略是要抓住题干中“初中古文中出现的成语”这一关键语句,根据文段内容联系所学古文进行填写。学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

能力提升练习:学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

  Ⅰ中考试题精编
  1.下列各句划线词语使用恰当的一项是 ( )
  A.防止疫情流行,是“5?12”汶川特大地震后灾区刻不容缓的头等大事。
  B.用心观察,你就会发现平凡的生活能为我们提供巧夺天工的作文素材。
  C.在外漂泊十多年的他见到亲人时终于忍俊不禁,流下了辛酸的眼泪。
  D.为了备战空前绝后的北京奥运会,全国上下都在同心协力争创佳绩。
  (2008年四川泸州市中考试题)
  2.依次为下面语段空缺处填入词语,最恰当的一项是( )
  生活就像一条千回百折的小溪,需要我们有 ① 的勇气。生活是一位公正的法官,他不会 ② 那些蹉跎岁月的“玩看”者。如果没有脚踏实地的跋涉,一切幻想都是③ 。生活中有酸甜苦辣,也有 ④ 。我们要做一个勇往直前的开拓者,争得青春无悔。
  A.①百折不回 ②宽容 ③空中楼阁 ④百感交集
  B.①坚强不屈 ②宽容 ③可望不可即 ④喜怒哀乐
  C.①百折不回 ②宽恕 ③空中楼阁 ④喜怒哀乐
  D.①坚强不屈 ②宽恕 ③可望不可即 ④百感交集
  (2008年广西崇左市中考试题)
  3.根据语境,依次填写词语最恰当的一项是 ( )
  唐诗宋词是一座巍巍丰碑。在这里,你能找到“大江东去”的豪放,也能找到“人比黄花瘦”的婉约;能听到“磨损胸中万古刀”的愤懑呐喊,也能听到“杨柳岸,晓风残月”的浅吟低唱。在这里,有   的报国志,也有   的故乡情;有   的江南春景,也有独上西楼的凄清秋色……它们共同托起的是中国文学史上的一座珠穆朗玛。
  A.窗前明月 怒发冲冠 草长莺飞
  B.怒发冲冠 窗前明月 草长莺飞
  C.怒发冲冠 草长莺飞 窗前明月
  D.草长莺飞 窗前明月 怒发冲冠
  (2008年浙江台州市中考试题)
  4.依次填入下列横线处的词语,恰当的一组是( )
  ①这场精彩的魔术表演,真是让人大开眼界、叹为观止,其丰富奇妙的变化简直   
  ②有的家长认为子女阅读课外文学名著、参加社会活动就是   ,这种观点失之偏颇。
  A.不言而喻不学无术 B.不可思议 不务正业
  C.不可思议 不学无术 D.不言而喻 不务正业
  (2008年广东广州市中考试题)
  5.下列句子中划线词语使用恰当的一项是 ( )
  A.重庆三面临江,一面靠山,既有水的柔情,又有山的险峻,显现出别具匠心的风格。
  B.造型独特、雄伟壮观的“鸟巢”,是设计师和建筑师们呕心沥血的结果,它已成为我国奥运会场馆的标志性建筑。
  C.地震灾情发生后,街头的流动采血车前,等候献血的群众排起了长队,这场面让人感动得头晕目眩
  D.三年时光匆匆离去,在毕业晚会上,同学们回首往事,怀古伤今,不禁潸然泪下。
  (2008年重庆市中考试题)
  6.下列句子中划线的词语,使用不恰当的一项是( )
  A.《红楼梦》是一部脍炙人口的长篇小说,深受广大读者的喜爱。
  B.当巨大灾难来临时,全国人民总能万众一心,众志成城,共渡难关。
  C.某旅游景点的环境脏、乱、差到如此地步,简直令人叹为观止
  D.北京奥运场馆“鸟巢”与“水立方”虽出自不同设计师之手,却有异曲同工之妙。
  (2008年江苏宿迁市中考试题)
  7.下列句子中划线的成语使用不正确的一项是( )
  A.夏天是香格里拉最美的季节,每到此时,游客络绎不绝,流连忘返。
  B.做学问是一项艰辛的劳动,应踏踏实实,不能好高骛远
  C.现代社会竞争激烈,找到一份理想的工作是很多人魂牵梦萦的事。
  D.西双版纳以民俗独特、风景秀丽、动植物种类繁多而闻名遐迩
  (2008年云南省中考试题)
  8.下面这段话中,画线的成语使用不恰当的一项是( )
  细节来自观察,真知出于实践,语感源于积累。唯有深入细致的观察、苦心孤诣(A)的实践、持之以恒(B)的积累,才能妙笔生花(C),才能用少数几个句子把人物描写得栩栩如生(D),活灵活现!
  (2008年浙江宁波市中考试题)
  9.下列各句中,划线成语使用不恰当的一项是( )
  A.中华民族从未低头,冰冻雪灾更不可怕,因为我们有不屈不挠、众志成城的13亿人民。
  B.一个很大很大的困难,除以13亿,就会变得微不足道;一个很小很小的爱心,乘以13亿,就会聚成爱的海洋。
  C.“嫦娥一号”卫星的成功发射,无疑是为我国航天事业建立了一座巍峨的海市蜃楼
  D.大家认为张湛同学提出的“争做奥运文明小卫士”的倡议很有意义,都异口同声地表示赞成。
  (2008年湖北襄樊市中考试题)
  10.选出下列各句中划线的成语使用不恰当的一项( )
  A.我们的祖国山河壮丽,文学家以脍炙人口的诗句吟咏它,绘画家以使人迷恋的丹青描绘它,摄影师以令人神往的镜头记录它。
  B.今年我国将发射“神舟七号”载人飞船,届时通过电视直播,地球上的观众对航天员在太空行走的一举一动了如指掌
  C.改革开放30年来,南通解放思想,抢抓机遇,经济社会发展取得了令人瞩目的成就,各项事业蒸蒸日上,人民生活安居乐业
  D.“全国亿万学生阳光体育运动”实施以来,各级各类学校因地制宜,开展形式多样的体育活动,促进了学生的全面发展。
  (2008年江苏南通市中考试题)
  11.对下列句子中划线成语使用的错误,分析不正确的一项是 ( )
  A.老师不辞辛苦,三顾茅庐去看望生病在家的李晓明同学。
  三顾茅庐:这个成语讲的是刘备三次到草庐中邀请诸葛亮出山的故事。后用于表示诚心诚意的邀请或拜访。
  分析:老师“看望生病在家的李晓明同学”是去关心他,没有“邀请”“拜访”的意思,所以使用有误。
  B.在少年队比赛中,用青年队队员参赛,简直是拔苗助长
  拔苗助长:这个成语讲的是宋人用拔苗的方法让禾苗长得更快,结果禾苗都死了的故事。后比喻不顾发展规律,强求速成,结果反将事情弄糟。
  分析:“用青年队队员参赛”这是违反规定的行为,谈不上“不顾发展规律”,所以使用有误。
  C.对这件珍藏多年的文物,博物馆要采取亡羊补牢的措施,避免造成损失。
  亡羊补牢:这个成语讲的是一个人丢了羊以后,及时修补羊圈,从此羊不再丢失的故事。比喻出了差错,设法补救,免得再受损失。
  分析:“珍藏多年的文物”并未丢失,不存在“出了差错”,也就不存在“设法补救”的问题,所以使用有误。
  D.一味地照搬他人经验,发展本地区经济,无异于守株待兔
  守株待兔:这个成语讲的是农夫因偶然捡到触树桩而死的兔子,便守在此处,以期再有所获的故事。后比喻不主动地努力,而存万一的侥幸心理,希望得到意外的收获。
  分析:“一味地照搬他人经验”属于靠突发奇想而获得“意外的收获”,含有“侥幸心理”,所以使用有误。
  (2008年北京市中考试题)
  12.填字组词。
  ①无所  从 ②不言而    不成声④孤陋  闻 ⑤坚持不    后余生
  (2008年贵州遵义市中考试题)
  13.请用相应的成语替换画线部分,使语句更简洁。
  白求恩同志对工作满腔热忱,对技术好了还追求更好(    ),而有的人对工作眼高手低,看到别的事物就改变原来的主意(   ),一事无成。
  (2008年福建宁德市中考试题)
  14.从备选成语中选择恰当的一个填在文中横线上。
  多难兴邦。当风雪阻断归路,我们彼此相依,一同取暖;当圣火遭遇屈辱,我们   (破釜沉舟 义无反顾),捍卫尊严;当地震撕裂大地,我们万众一心,  (再接再厉众志成城)。在困难面前,中华儿女用行动向世界展示了一个伟大民族的坚韧与不屈。
  (2008年山东淄博市中考试题)学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

Ⅱ专项模拟训练
  1.下列成语中划线的字解释完全正确的一项是( )
  A.明暗访(检查) 耻大辱(奇怪)
  B.时不我(等待) 高采烈(兴致)
  C.上行下(效果) 莫衷一(对的)
  D.不及防(突然) 文从字(顺利)
  2.指出下列句子中划线成语使用恰当的一项( )
  A.敌人被打跑了,但战士们知道,他们不会甘心,一定会重整旗鼓的。
  B.房租、邮费、电话费等,每个月都要近千元,若再开展活动,开支是左右为难了。
  C.我相信他说的话是真实的,为什么要怀疑别人、杞人忧天呢?
  D.对各种自然灾害不能麻痹大意,必须未雨绸缪,防患于未然。
  3.下列各句中,划线的成语使用不恰当的一项是( )
  A.这些年每听到亲友去世的消息,总令我无比伤感,尤其是这回相濡以沫的老伴远行,对于我这个年已九十且神经衰弱的老人,真像天塌了一样。
  B.这位文学老人被誉为农民诗人,他最善于在田间地头和锅台灶边捕风捉影,从普通百姓的日常小事中发现劳动之乐、生活之趣和人性之美。
  C.从我国目前的实际情况看,“高薪”不一定能收到“养廉”的效果,因为贪官污吏本来就是欲壑难填,并不是因为收入维持不了生计才搞腐败的。
  D.一项社会调查显示,现在很多中学生在学校里见到老师都能亲切问好,而见到烧锅炉的、打扫厕所的和食堂打饭的工人师傅,却都不屑一顾
  4.下列选项中划线的熟语使用不恰当的一项是( )
  A.离投票的日子越来越近了,虚虚实实,真真假假,凡是有损施瓦辛格形象的陈芝麻烂谷子都被翻出来了。
  B.还想让你老爸保你过关吗?老实告诉你吧,他已是泥菩萨过河――自身难保了,谁也救不了你!
  C.不久前,王刚又杀回马枪,再返中央电视台主持节目,舍“动物”而去找“朋友”,又迅速吸引了不少观众的眼球。
  D.就你摊的那些活儿,我三下五除二就可以把它弄清爽!谁像你,几天也拿不下来。
  5.联想猜成语。
  如:最难熬的一天――度日如年。
  (1)最昂贵的书籍――(   )
  (2)最劣质的彩电――(   )
  (3)最廉洁的清官――(   )
  (4)最大型的手术――(   )
  (5)最微小的邮筒――(   )
  (6)最高大的瀑布――(   )
  6.下列广告词对成语进行了改动,请写出其原型。
  (1)消炎药广告词:快治人口(   )
  (2)热水器广告词:随心所浴(   )
  (3)止咳药广告词:咳不容缓(   )
  (4)摩托车广告词:骑乐无穷(   )
  (5)营养液广告词:口蜜腹健(   )
  (6)某眼病治疗仪广告语:一明惊人(   )
  (7)某胃药广告语:无胃不治(   )
  7.将下列句子中使用有误的成语画上横线并改正。
  (1)这些人对个人利益斤斤计较,而对广大群众的疾苦却漫不经心。(   )
  (2)假使我们不修这么多水利工程,遇到这样严重的水旱灾害,其后果是不可思议的。(   )
  (3)作为课题负责人,他责无旁贷地走上了主席台。(   )
  (4)在世界杯足球赛上,南美队的高超技艺,欧洲队的粗犷、勇猛,非洲队的灵巧、迅速,无不表现得炉火纯青。(  )
  8.根据释义写出相应的成语。
  (1)不允许有什么怀疑。指绝对真实可信。(   )
  (2)并排套着的几匹马一齐快跑,比喻彼此的力量或才能不分高下。 (   )
  (3)形容女子姿容秀丽,姿态娇柔,能打动人。(   )
  (4)比喻口头上说是爱好某事物,其实并不真爱好。(   )
  9.用成语替代画线句子,使表达更加合理。
  距离非常的近( ),这是我一生所看到的最为缓慢的笑容,无比脆弱,像一个帝企鹅的蛋在冰雪布满了的天空和地面()经过长久的孵化,终于探出小小的额头。然而这微笑又如此强韧,一经绽放,它就惊动人的魂魄( )地灿烂起来,携带着抵挡不住的芬芳。
  10.选择恰当的成语填空。
  琳琅满目 应接不暇 目不暇接
  匠心独运 不落窠臼 美不胜收
  (1)故宫博物院的珍宝馆里,陈列着各种奇珍异宝、古玩文物,令人   
  (2)汽车向神农架山区奔驰,只见奇峰异岭扑面而来,令人   
  (3)玉器厂展品室里陈列着鸟兽、花卉、人物等各种玉雕展品,神态各异,栩栩如生,真是   
  (4)货柜上摆满了具有传统特色的珠宝、翡翠、玉雕、字画,品种齐全,真是   
  (5)这本侦破小说,构思新颖,   ,值得一看。
  (6)电影中有几处看来是闲笔,实际上却是   之处。
  11.为下面例句的空缺处选择适合语境的成语。
  (1)我们来到了实习工厂,厂领导和工人们对我们的工作和生活早已做了周密安排,他们对我们的关心真是   
  A.无所不至 B.无微不至
  (2)许多农民巧妙地将服装厂裁剪后废弃的“下脚料”做成帘子,当作蔬菜大棚的“棉被”,这真是   ,变废为宝。
  A.一念之差 B.独具匠心
  (3)如果对中国人民的严正声明和强烈抗议   ,一意孤行,必将自食其果。
  A.置之不理 B.置之度外
  12.根据下面提示写出课文中出现的成语。
  (1)《出师表》前两个自然段中有两个词语已经成为经常使用的成语,它们是( )( )。
  (2)《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》中齐王广开言路纳谏,宫中一时热闹起来,文中使用了( )一词加以形容。
  13.写出描写山和水的成语各三个。
  (1)描写山的成语:         
  (2)描写水的成语:         学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

试题详情

2009中考考点梳理四:词语学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

专家解读考点:学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

  词语是语言表达的基础。一个人语言能力的高低,往往取决于掌握词语的多少,掌握的标尺是积累、理解和运用。课标对词语教学的规定十分明确,教材也以课文为背景通过注释和课后“读一读,写一写”作了具体安排。从2008年全国中考试题对词语考查的情况来看,主要涉及到下述四个方面:①正确理解与运用课内外常见的词语和新生词语;②了解词语的基本义、引申义和比喻义,辨析常见的同义词、多义词、反义词在不同语言环境中的不同意义;③联系上下文理解词语的意思,体味和推敲重要词语在具体语言环境中的意义及表达效果;④联系生活和自己的积累,推想文章中有关生词和新词在语言环境中的恰当意义,辨析词语的感情色彩和语体色彩。考查的内容主要是在学生所学教材中出现的常用词语和新词,试题载体则不限于学生所学教材,很大一部分是把所学词语移用于生活和时事中的鲜活材料。
  题型分析:2008年全国中考试题中的词语试题,在题型上主要有:①选择题:选出所给句子中加点词语理解不正确或解释不当的一项;选出依次填入句子或语段中的词语或关联词语最恰当的一项;选出所给句子中加点词语或关联词语或熟语使用有误或不当的一项。②简答题:结合具体语境解释指定词语的意思并用新词造句。③填空题:从备选词语中选择最恰当的词语或用序号按要求填空。
  解题策略:词语试题侧重考查考生积累、理解和运用词语的能力。常用词语以学生所学课文中出现的词语为准,新生词语则以当前流行的一些热词为准,试题材料兼顾课内课外,以时事材料为主。解题时务须看清题目要求,抓住题干中的关键词,冷静答题。这里的关键,是要在积累上下工夫,掌握课后“读一读,写一写”的常用词语,同时也要了解当下流行的并经国家语委认可的一些新生词语。学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

典型例题透视:学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

   选出下面语段空白处运用词语最恰当的一项( )
  摆手舞追忆的是土家族先民创业的艰辛,缅怀的是祖先的功绩,展示的是古往今来的生活场景,涵蕴的是人与社会、人与生活、人与自然的和谐。它使封闭的山寨            了,使沉寂的村落            了,使古老的土地            了,使天涯的距离            了……
  A.开明喧哗 年青 比邻
  B.开通 喧闹 年少 拉近
  C.开放 喧嚣 年轻 咫尺
  D.开朗 喧嚷 青春 缩短
  (2008年湖北恩施州中考试题)
  答案:C
  透视:这是一道选择题,正确选项为C。此题主要考查考生积累、理解和运用反义词的能力,题点在运用上。试题材料选自课外一篇描写土家族摆手舞的文章。试题取材于恩施本土文化,三个干扰项与正确选项的同位词语又同属近义词。解答这道题,考生首先要读一遍试题材料,点燃对摆手舞的激情;其次是要熟悉选填词语所在的语言环境,明确空白处词语与该句描写主体事物的词语构成反义词;第三是对四个选项的同位词语进行辨析,明确同位的四个词语为近义词;第四是采用排除法找到正确选项。学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

常见失误分析:学科网(Zxxk.Com)学科网

试题详情

绝密启用前

2008―2009学年度

湖北省补习学校联合体大联考

英   语   试   题

命题学校:沔州中学                                        审题学校:云梦补校                                                

                                                        考试时间:2008年12月29日

                                                                              

 

本套试卷共8页,满分150分。考试时间:120分钟。

 

祝考试顺利                                   

 

第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)

第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍                                                                                 

例:How much is the shirt ?

A.£19.15.                         B.£9.15.                           C.£9.18.    答案是B.

1. How much will the man pay for the tickets?

A. £7.5.     B. £15.    C. £50.

2. Which is the right gate for the man's flight?

A. Gate 16.   B. Gate 22.   C. Gate 25.

3. How does the man feel about going to school by bike?

A. Happy.     B. Tired.   C. Worried.

4. When can the woman get the computers?

A. On Tuesday.     B. On Wednesday.     C. On Thursday

5. What does the woman think of the shirt for the party?

A. The size is not large enough.  B. The material is not good.  C. The color is not suitable.

第二节 (共15小题;每题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6. What can we learn about Mr. Brown?

A. He is in his office.   B. He is at a meeting.   C. He is out for a meal.

7. What will the man probably do next?

A. Call back.   B. Come again.  C. Leave a message.

听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

8. What kind of room does the man want to take?

A. A single room.   B. A double room.     C. A room for three.

9. What does the man need to put in the form?

A. Telephone and student card numbers.

B. Student card number and address.

C. Address and telephone number.

听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。

10. What is the relationship between the speakers?

A. Fellow clerks.                      B. Boss and secretary.

C. Customer and salesperson.

11. What does the man like about his job?

A. Living close to the office.            B. Chances to go abroad.

C. Nice people to work with.

12. What do we know about the woman?

A. She likes traveling.                B. She is new to the company.

C. She works in public relations.

听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

13. When will the visitors come?

A. In March.    B. In April.     C. In May.

14. How many visitors are coming?

A. 8.         B. 10.        C. 12.

15 What will the visitors do on the second day?

A. Go to a party.   B. Visit schools.       C. Attend a lecture.

16. Where will the visitors go on the final day?

A. To London     B. To Scotland     C. To the coast.

听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。

17. What is the first word the baby tried to say?

A. Truck.             B. Ok.            C. Duck.

18. How old was the baby when he learned to say that word correctly?

A. About 18 months.   B. About 21 months.    C. About 24 months.

19. What did the father do when the baby screamed that word at the airport?

A. He corrected the baby.           B. He tried to stop the baby.

C. He hid himself somewhere.

20. Why did the mother pretend not to know the baby?

A. She got angry with the father.     B. She was frightened by the noise.

C. She felt uneasy about the noisy baby.

第二部分:英语语言知识运用(共三节,满分55分)

第一节:多项选择(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. Tom has missed his _________. So he’ll have to queue up there and wait for the next round.

   A. chance         B. turn           C. line             D. time

22. Don’t say so much nonsense. I’m in a hurry, so please come to the ___________.

   A. word          B. sentence        C. matter           D. point

23. “One World One Dream’’ fully        the universal values of the Olympic spirit―Unity, Friendship,Progress,Harmony, Participation and Dream.

A. raises               B. reflects        C. understands             D. announces

24. Hearing that most of the members voted against her, she __________ a smile.

   A. wore          B. managed        C. performed        D. controlled

25. Mr Smith decided that he would drive back instead of __________ for the night at the hotel.

   A. putting away    B. putting back    C. putting out        D. putting up

26. --- How are you getting along with your study, Mary?

   --- I’m glad to say it is __________.

   A. turning up      B. taking up       C. breaking up       D. picking up

27. She told me she wanted to ________________ her two o’clock appointment in order to take care of her sick mother.

   A. put down       B. call off         C. hang up          D. take off

28. Tom is my colleague who is very _______________ about having his breakfast at exactly 8 o’clock.

   A. popular        B. special            C. particular         D. unusual

29. I didn’t hear you knocking at the door. I must have been sleeping ________________ at that time.

   A. soundly        B. widely            C. deeply           D. broadly

30. When they got there, they found the people suffering the storm were _______________ food and water supply.

   A. in want of      B. in place of         C. in view of        D. in support of

第二节:完成句子(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)

阅读下列各小题, 根据括号内的汉语提示, 用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子, 并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号内。

31. With the local villager __________________ (在带路), the soldiers walked towards the forest. ( lead )

32. _______________(年轻强壮的十个中国) students are required to take part in the boat race. ( strong )

33.So little ____________________ (他们同意) with each other that the neighbouring countries could not settle their difference. ( agree )

34. ________________________ (我突然想到) that I could send him the materials through QQ. ( occur )

35. What would have happened, if Bob ____________________ (走得更远一点) , as far as the river bank? ( walk )

36. Where someone is born and ____________________ (一个人的相貌是什么样子) is not as important as what he or she grows up to be. ( what )

37. The play had already been on for quite some time_____________ (我们到达时) the New Theatre. ( arrive).

38. It was raining hard when school was over. You ______________________ (一定淋雨了) on your way home yesterday. ( catch )

39. In the past women _______________________ (受歧视) and now things have changed a lot. ( look )

40. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,____________________ (在参观) a museum when the earthquake struck. ( visit )

第三节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

Why did I come today? I wondered. My feet ached almost as much as my head.  My Christmas    41   contained several people that claimed they needed nothing but I knew their feelings would be hurt   42 I bought them something, so gift buying was   43  but fun.

Hurriedly, I finished shopping and   44  the long checkout lines. In front of me were a boy of about 5 and a younger girl. She carried a beautiful pair of     45  slippers. When we finally  _ 46  the checkout register, the girl   47  placed the shoes on the counter. She treated them as though they were a    48  .

“That will be $ 6.09,” the cashier said. The boy    49  his pockets. He finally came up with $ 3.12. “I guess we will have to put them back,” he bravely said. “We will come back some other time, maybe tomorrow.” With that statement, a soft  50  broke from the little girl. “But    51   would have loved these shoes,” she cried.

“Well, we’ll go home and work some more. Don’t cry. We’ll surely   52  ,” he said. Quickly I handed $ 3.00 to the cashier. These children had waited in line for a long time. And,   53   , it was Christmas. Suddenly a pair of arms came around me and a small voice   54    said, “Thank you, lady.” “What did you  55  when you said Jesus would like the shoes?” I asked. The boy answered, “Our mommy is sick and going to   56  . Daddy said she might go before Christmas to be with Jesus.” The girl spoke, “My Sunday school teacher said the streets in heaven are shiny gold, just like these shoes. Won’t mommy be 57   walking on those streets in these shoes?”

My eyes   58  as I looked into her tear-stained face. “Yes,” I answered, “I am   59   she will.” Silently I thanked God for using these children to   60  me of the true spirit of giving I once was familiar with.

41. A. plan                   B. list                           C. goods                       D. purchases

42. A. unless                 B. because                   C. if                            D. since

43. A. something                  B. nothing                    C. anything                   D. everything

44. A. waited                B. joined                      C. attended                   D. gathered

45. A. cotton                 B. leather                     C. gold                         D. silver

46. A. approached         B. got                          C. checked                    D. found

47. A. immediately        B. hesitantly                 C. shyly                       D. carefully

48. A. gift                    B. treasure                    C. life                          D. prize

49. A. opened               B. touched                    C. reached                           D. searched

50. A. tear                           B. sob                          C. smile                       D. sigh

51. A. mommy              B. daddy                      C. we                           D. Jesus

52. A. leave                  B. come                       C. return                             D. arrive

53. A. above all             B. at last                       C. at least                     D. after all

54. A. gratefully            B. sweetly                           C. gracefully                        D. kindly

55. A. request               B. expect                      C. mean                       D. attempt

56. A. hospital              B. tomb                        C. heaven                            D. sky

57. A. equal                  B. comfortable              C. convenient                D. beautiful

58. A. pained                B. flooded                           C. shut                         D. froze

59. A. sure                    B. afraid                       C. glad                         D. confident

60. A. inform                B. warn                        C. cure                         D. remind

第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该字母涂黑。

A

When I was a child, our dining room had two kinds of chairs―two large ones with arm rests and four small ones without. The larger ones stood at the ends of the table, the smaller ones on the sides. Mom and Dad sat in the big chairs, except when one of us was away; then Mom would sit in one of the smaller chairs. Dad always sat at the end, at the “head” of the table. Sitting where he did, Dad was framed by the window through which the yard could be seen with its trees and grass. His chair was not just a place for him at the table; it was a place in which he was situated against the yard and trees. It was the holy (神圣的) and protected place that was his, and ours through him.

After Dad retired, he and Mom moved out into a small flat. When they came to visit me at their old house, Dad still sat at the end of the table though the table was no longer his but mine. Only with my marriage to Barbara, did I hear a voice questioning the arrangement. She requested, gently but firmly, that I sit at the head of the table in our home. I realized then that I was head of the family, but I also felt unwilling to introduce such a change. How would I feel sitting in that “head” place in my Dad’s presence? And how would he handle it? I was to find out on the occasion of our youngest child’s first birthday.

Mom and Dad arrived for lunch, and went into the dining room. Dad moved toward his usual seat in front of the window. Before he could get around the side of the table, I took a deep breath and said, “Dad, this is going to be your place, next to Mom, on the side.” He stopped, looked at me and then sat down. I felt sad, and angry at Barbara for pushing me to do this. It would have been easy to say, “My mistake, Dad. Sit where you always sit.” But I didn’t.

When he and Mom were seated, Barbara and I took our places. I don’t know how Dad felt. I do know that, though removed from his usual place, he continued to share his best self with us, telling stories of his childhood and youth to the delight of his grandchildren. As I served the food, our lives experienced a change, which we continue to live with.

It wasn’t easy, but I sense that there is also something good in the change which has occurred. I am beginning to learn that “honoring one’s father” is more than the question of which place to occupy at the dining table. It also means listening, wherever we sit and whatever positions we own, to the stories Dad longs to tell. We may then, during these magical moments, even be able to forget about whose chair is whose.

61. Where did the writer’s mother sit when one of the children was away?

       A. She didn’t change her chair.                B. She moved her own chair next Dad’s.

       C. She moved to an empty chair on the side.    D. She sat opposite to Dad.

62. How did the writer feel when he told his father to sit on the side?

       A. He didn’t feel bad because his father was going to sit there anyway.

       B. He felt happy at having carried out the difficult task.

       C. He was thoroughly satisfied with the new seating arrangement.

       D. He regretted what he had done and wanted to blame his wife.

63. What happened during the meal after the family had all taken their new seats?

       A. The writer’s children removed their grandfather from his usual place.

       B. The writer’s father didn’t appear to mind where he sat.

       C. The writer’s father shared his favorite dishes with the grandchildren.

       D. They became tense and nervous about their future as a family.

64. What did the writer learn about “honoring one’s father”?

       A. Fathers always long to tell stories about their early years.

       B. Providing the right chair is the only way to honor one’s father.

       C. Respect for one’s father doesn’t depend only on where he sits.

       D. The family should dine together at the same table as often as possible.

B

We continue our Foreign Student Series on higher education in the United States. Now we move on to college life once you are admitted to a school. The first thing you need to value is a place to live. Housing policies differ from school to school. Students might have to live in a dormitory, at least for the first year there.

Dorms come in all sizes. Some have suites. Six or more students may line in one suite. Other dorms have many rooms along a common hallway, usually with two students in each room . Many students say dormitories provide the best chance to get to know other students. Also, dorms generally cost less than apartments or other housing not owned by the school.

Most colleges and universities offer singe-sex dorms, but usually males and females live in the same building. They might live on the same floors and share the same common bathrooms. They may live in the same room only if they are married.

Edward Spencer is the associate vice president for student affairs at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg. He says it is important to understand the rules of the building in which you will live. He advises students to ask questions before they decide about their housing. For example, if a student requires a special diet, will the school provide it ?How much privacy can a student expect ? Will the school provide a single room if a student requests one ? And what about any other special needs that a student might have?

Virginia Tech, for example, had a ban against candles in dorms . But it changed that policy to let students light up candles for religious purposes. The university also has several dorms open all year so foreign students have a place to stay during vacation time.

65 .Why do some students in the U.S. choose to live in dorms, according to the passage ?

   A. Dorms allow students in the U.S. choose to live in dorms

B. Dorms are safer for students to live in most cases.

C. Dorms offer the chance to meet other people and are cheap as well.

D. In most schools students are required to live in the dorms.

66. The second paragraph is mainly about ______.

A. what suites in American schools are like     B. what dorms in American schools are like

C. what dorms are owned by schools          D. when people get to know each other

67. We can infer from what Edward Spencer says that ______.

   A. colleges usually don’t provide a special diet  B. housing rules differ from one building to another

C. a ban against candles in dorms is necessary  D. the U.S. college always satisfies students’ requests

68 .What is the passage mainly about ?

   A. Places to live in U.S. colleges         B. housing polices in the U.S.

C. Advantages of dormitories            D. Rules of single-sex dorms

C

They once seemed more at home on the bustling streets of Asia like Delhi, Calcutta and Bangkok but cycle powered rickshaws (人力车) can now be seen taking people across town in many European cities. Many people believe that rickshaws are a good way of experiencing a city, close-up, while also cutting down on traffic jams and pollution. In Berlin, one of the first cities to introduce this new model of transport, more than 200 bike-taxis go along at 15km per hour, past many tourist attractions and city parks.

“It is completely environmentally friendly; we have new models with an engine to help the driver up the hills but they use renewable energy.” said a spokesman for VELOTAXI, the leading rickshaw company which has carried a quarter of a million people this year.

While the city still has 7,000 motor-taxis, rickshaw company officials say their taxis’ green ethics, speed and safety make them more than just a tourist attraction. While now increasingly out of fashion in Delhi, Berlin people have eagerly accepted the new fleet since their launch in 1997.

“It’s better than a taxi, better than a bus, better than the train,” said ULF Lehman, 36, as he leapt out of a rickshaw near the world famous Brandenburg gate. “ It feels so free.”

This is something out of the ordinary you feel you are on holiday in Bangkok instead of Berlin,” said another traveler.

In Amsterdam, driver Peter Jancso said people like to be driven around in his bright yellow rickshaw and pretend to be a queen in a golden carriage. "I like my passengers to feel important," he said as he dropped off another passenger. Another visitor noted how cheap it was compared with a normal taxi.

Although increasingly popular in Europe, it is the opposite in India, where hand-pulled rickshaws are considered inhuman and a symbol of India's backward past.

Nearly 500 bike-rickshaws are running in London and are not required to pay the city's road tax but things may change as other taxi drivers complain of unfair treatment.

69. Where are rickshaws becoming more popular?

A. Delhi, Berlin, Paris.             B. Amsterdam, Bangkok, Delhi.

C. Athens, London, Berlin.          D. Berlin, Amsterdam, London.

70. Why are rickshaws no longer as widely used in India as in the past?

A. They are a reminder of a bad period in India's history.

B. They have been banned because they are too cruel.

C. The streets of India are too crowded for them to move through easily.

D. Indians now prefer to travel by car because they are richer.

71. What does the underlined sentence "This is something out of the ordinary you feel you are on holiday in Bangkok instead of Berlin" suggest?

A. The passenger didn't like taking a rickshaw as it reminded him of Bangkok  .

B. The passenger enjoyed being on holiday in Berlin more than in Bangkok  .

C. The passenger was impressed when taking a rickshaw and considered it unusual.

D. The passenger disapproved of rickshaws because they were not original to Berlin  .

72. What is the author's attitude towards rickshaws?

A. He gives no personal opinion.           B. He believes they will be of no use.

C. He thinks they will reduce pollution.      D. He thinks they are old-fashioned.

D

Reading poems is not exactly an everyday activity for most people.In fact, many people never read a poem once they get out of high school.

It is worth reminding ourselves that this has not always been the case in America.In the nineteenth century, a usual American activity was to sit around the fireside in the evening and read poems aloud.It is true that there was no television at the time, nor movie theaters, nor World Wide Web, to provide diversion.However, poems were a source of pleasure, of self-education, of connection to other people or to the world beyond one’s own community.Reading them was a social act as well as an individual one, and perhaps even more social than individual.Writing poems to share with friends and relations was, like reading poems by the fireside, another way in which poetry has a place in everyday life.

How did things change? Why are most Americans no longer comfortable with poetry, and why do most people today think that a poem has nothing to tell them and that they can do well without poems?

There are, I believe, three culprits(肇事者):poets, teachers, and we ourselves.Of these, the least important is the third: the world surrounding the poem has betrayed us more than we have betrayed the poem.Early in the twentieth century, poetry in English headed into directions unfavorable to the reading of poetry.Readers decided that poems were not for the fireside or the easy chair at night, and that they belonged where other difficult-to-read things belonged.

Poets failed the reader, so did teachers.They want their students to know something about the skills of a poem, they want their students to see that poems mean something. Yet what usually occurs when teachers push these concerns on their high school students is that young people decide poems are unpleasant crossword puzzles.

73. Reading poems is thought to be a social act in the nineteenth century because         

A. it built a link among people                            B. it helped unite a community

C. it was a source of self-education               D. it was a source of pleasure

74. The underlined word “diversion”(in Para2) most probably means “         ”.

A. concentration             B. change                     C. amusements              D. stories

75. According to the passage, what is the main cause of the great gap between readers and poetry?

A. Students are becoming less interested in poetry.

B. Students are poorly educated in high school.

C. TV and the Internet are more attractive than poetry.

D. Poems have become difficult to understand.

76. In the last paragraph, the writer questions         

A. the difficulty in studying poems                 B. the way poems are taught in school

C. students’ wrong ideas about poetry                D. the techniques used in writing poem

E

It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal area in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. Almost immediately word spread on the internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on through the group’s on-line service, Death NET. “We posted statements all day long, because this isn’t just something that happened in Australia. It’s world history.” says Hofsess.

The newly-passed law has left doctors as well as citizens trying to deal with its different meanings. Some have shown satisfaction, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly fought against the law. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia ― where an aging population, life-extending (延长生命) technology and changing society attitudes have all played their part ― other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia (安乐死). In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes (多米诺骨牌) to start falling.

Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can require death ― probably by a deadly injection or pill ― to end suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as incurably ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of requirement. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin citizen suffering from lung cancer, the new law means he can get on with living without the fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and tearing at their masks (氧气面罩),” he says.

77. From the second paragraph we learn that ________.

       A. the disagreement of euthanasia is slow to come in other countries

       B. doctors and citizens share the same view on euthanasia

       C. changing technology is mainly responsible for pass of the law

       D. it takes time to realize the importance of the law’s passage

78. When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, he means ________.

       A. observers are against euthanasia

       B. similar laws are likely to be passed in the US, Canada and other countries

       C. observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes

       D. the passed bill may finally come to a stop

79. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will ________.

       A. choose euthanasia and die peacefully      

B. experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient

       C. have a strong fear of terrible suffering    

D. have a cooling off period of seven days

80. The author’s attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of ________.

       A. disagreement            B. doubt         C. agreement                D. cold

第四部分:书面表达(满分25分)

每年的6月26日为国际禁毒日。假如你是卜曼宜。请你围绕“珍爱生命,远离毒品”这一主题,根据下面所给的要点提示,用英语给全省的中学生们写一封倡议书。

要点提示:

1. 吸毒有害健康:有可能导致心脏病、高血压等;

2. 吸毒极易成瘾,且戒毒很难;

3. 吸毒耗资巨大,吸毒者为了获取毒资,有可能犯罪;

4. 如果发现周围有人吸毒,你应该报警;远离吸毒者,不与之交往。

注意:

1. 词数:100词左右。倡议书的开头、结尾已给出,不计入总词数。

2. 生词提示:International Day Against Drug Abuse  国际禁毒日; commit a crime  犯罪

 

A Letter to High School Students

Dear friends,

 

 

 

 

Dear friends, let’s start fighting against drugs now and say yes to life and no to drugs.

 

 

 

2008―2009学年度

湖北省补习学校联合体大联考

试题详情

09年最有可能考的热点试题大集结

 

                (一)扩大内需

[内涵阐释]

扩大内需的基本内容

  内需,即内部需求,包括投资需求和消费需求两个方面。扩大内需,就是要通过发行国债等积极财政货币政策,启动投资市场,通过信贷等经济杠杆,启动消费市场,以拉动经济增长。

扩大内需的必要性

  1.世界经济全球化程度加深,国际市场风险加剧,外贸出口难度加大;

  2.由我国国情决定,我国地域辽阔,经济发展不平衡,人民生活由温饱向小康过渡,无论是市场容量还是未来发展,潜力都十分巨大;

  3.工业化,城市化,现代化进程加快,经济结构调整升级,国内市场的需求进一步扩大。

  所以,对我国这样一个发展中大国来说,拉动经济增长的最主要力量仍然是国内需求,这是我国经济发展的坚实基础。

 

扩大内需的难点

  1.有效需求不足,没有供不应求的商品。

  2.农民购买力低。

  3.传统的消费观念亟待更新。

  4.社会保障体系还不够完善。

 

影响内需扩大的主要障碍

  (一)农民收入增长缓慢,农村市场启动乏力。1998年-2001年农村市场销售年平均增长8.3%,增速低于同期城市销售增长1个百分点,较多的农村人口与较低的农村市场销售份额极不相称。到2001年底,我国乡村人口占全部人口的比重高达62.3%,而农村零售额仅占全部零售额的25。2%,即占全部人口近2/3的农村人口所购买的商品仅占全部商品零售额的1/4。

  (二)城市下岗失业人数增多,困难群体范围扩大。困难群体已由传统的“三无人员”(无生活来源、无劳动能力、无法定抚养人)扩大到包括国有企业下岗职工、失业人员、困难企业职工等在内的一个比较大的群体。“三无人员”占低保对象总数的比例,1997年为56%,2001年仅为9%,而国有企业下岗职工、失业人员和困难企业职工占低保对象总数的比例上升到91%。

  (三)居民预期收入不理想,预期支出明显增大。近年来,随着住房、教育、医疗等各项改革的全面推进,居民对未来支出的预期明显增加。尽管现行社会保障体系已形成基本框架,但还很不完善。基本养老保险、失业保险、城镇职工基本医疗保险、城市居民最低生活保障都程度不同地存在着保障水平偏低、覆盖范围有限、资金短缺等方面的问题。

(四)投资对国债的依赖性增强,民间投资增长比较缓慢。近几年来,在国家积极财政政策的作用下,投资呈现加快增长趋势,总体上对经济增长的带动作用有所增强,但投资的加快增长主要是增加国债及相关配套投资作用的结果。1998年―2001年国有及其他经济类型投资占全社会固定资产投资的比重为71.5%,比上世纪80年代高6.2个百分点。2001年城乡集体、个体投资同比增长10.4%,增幅低于同期国有及其他单位投资2.4个百分点。2002年上半年城乡集体、个体投资同比增长17.8%,呈现回升的势头,但仍比国有单位及其他投资增速低6.6个百分点。

 (五)市场经济秩序比较混乱,交易成本明显加大。结构性矛盾和体制性障碍是以上问题存在的根本症结。城乡经济发展的不平衡、农民负担较重,制约了农民收入的增长;产业结构的调整,就业机制不畅,扩大了困难群体;社会保障体制不完善,收入分配差距扩大,影响着居民消费的增长;投资领域的限制,融资渠道的不畅,限制了民间投资的增长;地方保护主义,惩罚监管不严,助长或加剧了市场经济秩序的混乱等。

 

 

[典型例题]

试题详情