有机实验的八项注意
１.注意加热方式
有机实验往往需要加热，而不同的实验其加热方式可能不一样。
⑴酒精灯加热。 酒精灯的火焰温度一般在400～500℃，所以需要温度不太高的实验都可用酒精灯加热。教材中用酒精灯加热的有机实验是：“乙烯的制备实验”、“乙酸乙酯的制取实验”“蒸馏石油实验”和“石蜡的催化裂化实验”。
⑵ 水浴加热。水浴加热的温度不超过100℃。教材中用水浴加热的有机实验有：“银镜实验（包括醛类、糖类等的所有的银镜实验）”、、“乙酸乙酯的水解实验（水浴温度为70℃～80℃）”和“ 糖类（包括二糖、 淀粉和纤维素等）水解实验（热水浴）”。
⑶用温度计测温的有机实验有： “乙酸乙酯的制取实验”（以上两个实验中的温度计水银球都是插在反应液外的水浴液中，测定水浴的温度）、“乙烯的实验室制取实验”（温度计水银球插入反应液中，测定反应液的温度）和“ 石油的蒸馏实验”（温度计水银球应插在具支烧瓶支管口处， 测定馏出物的温度）。
２、注意催化剂的使用
⑴ 硫酸做催化剂的实验有：“乙烯的制取实验”、 “硝基苯的制取实验”、“乙酸乙酯的制取实验”、“纤维素硝酸酯的制取实验”、“糖类（包括二糖、淀粉和纤维素）水解实验”和“乙酸乙酯的水解实验”。
其中前四个实验的催化剂为浓硫酸，后两个实验的催化剂为稀硫酸，其中最后一个实验也可以用氢氧化钠溶液做催化剂
⑵铁做催化剂的实验有：溴苯的制取实验（实际上起催化作用的是溴与铁反应后生成的溴化铁）。
３、注意反应物的量
有机实验要注意严格控制反应物的量及各反应物的比例，如“乙烯的制备实验”必须注意乙醇和浓硫酸的比例为１：３，且需要的量不要太多，否则反应物升温太慢，副反应较多，从而影响了乙烯的产率。
４、注意冷却
有机实验中的反应物和产物多为挥发性的有害物质，所以必须注意对挥发出的反应物和产物进行冷却。
⑴需要冷水（用冷凝管盛装）冷却的实验：“蒸馏水的制取实验”和“石油的蒸馏实验”。
⑵用空气冷却（用长玻璃管连接反应装置）的实验： “乙酸乙酯的制取实验”
这些实验需要冷却的目的是减少反应物或生成物的挥发，既保证了实验的顺利进行，又减少了这些挥发物对人的危害和对环境的污染。
５、注意除杂
有机物的实验往往副反应较多，导致产物中的杂质也多，为了保证产物的纯净，必须注意对产物进行净化除杂。如“乙烯的制备实验”中乙烯中常含有CO2和SO2等杂质气体，可将这种混合气体通入到浓碱液中除去酸性气体。
６、注意搅拌
注意不断搅拌也是有机实验的一个注意条件。如“浓硫酸使蔗糖脱水实验”（也称“黑面包”实验）（目的是使浓硫酸与蔗糖迅速混合，在短时间内急剧反应，以便反应放出的气体和大量的热使蔗糖炭化生成的炭等固体物质快速膨胀）、“乙烯制备实验”中醇酸混合液的配制。
７、注意使用沸石（防止暴沸）
需要使用沸石的有机实验:⑴ 实验室中制取乙烯的实验; ⑵石油蒸馏实验。
芜湖市2009届高中毕业班模拟考试
数学试卷（理科）
本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔和0.5毫米黑色签字笔（中性笔）将姓名、准考证号、考试科目、试卷类型填涂在答题卡规定的位置上。
2．第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，答案不能答在试题卷上。
3．第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔（中性笔）作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．参考公式：
第I卷（选择题）
本资料来源于《七彩教育网》http://www.7caiedu.cn
上 海 市
2009年高三十四校联考模拟试卷
英 语 试 题
（本试卷共分两部分，满分150分，其中第一卷105分，第二卷45分。考试时间：120分钟）
第Ⅰ卷 （共105分）
Ⅰ．Listening Comprehension（30分）
Section A Short Conversations（10分）
Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1． A．Doctor and patient. B．Boss and secretary.
C．Teacher and student. D．Conductor and passenger.
2． A．Shopping. B．Study. C．Sport. D．Food.
3． A．At 7:30. B．At 7:45. C．At 8:00. D．At 8:15.
4． A．2 yuan. B．3 yuan. C．1.6 yuan. D．0.16 yuan.
5． A．The pink woolen dress.
B．The blue and white woolen sweater.
C．The blue and white silk dress.
D．The pink silk dress.
6． A．On a bus. B．In a car. C．In an elevator. D．Over a phone.
7． A．Nurse. B．Journalist. C．Doctor. D．Lawyer.
8． A．By train. B．By car. C．By plane. D．By bus.
9． A．Sewing. B．Watching TV. C．Playing golf. D．Playing Badminton.
10．A．She found there were too many characters in the novel.
B．She usually can’t understand the context of the novel.
C．She also found the whole story difficult to understand.
D．She has learned a lot from the novel.
Section B Passages（12分）
Directions: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11．A．Daniel. B．Mr. Simon. C．Officer Hitcher. D．Daniel’s two sisters.
12．A．Their hard work and the sense of duty.
B．Their simple life and shinning qualities.
C．Their contribution to local education cause.
D．Their role in advancing scientific study.
13．A．Some special windows in Shanghai Library.
B．A special corner in Shanghai Library.
C．An activity of spreading Chinese culture.
D．Some foreign branches of Shanghai library.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14．A．$ 20,000 million. B．$ 80,000 million.
C．$ 10,000 million. D．$ 100,000 million.
15．A．Only their closest friends and family members.
B．Their colleagues.
C．Only their parents.
D．All their friends.
16．A．The bride and groom invite a small group of guests hold a party.
B．The bride and groom get married first and tell people later.
C．The bride and groom invite some guests to travel to a special place where they hold the
ceremony.
D．The bride and groom choose a secret place for the ceremony.
Section C Longer Conversations（8分）
Directions: In section C, you will hear a longer conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you will be required to fulfill the task by fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.
Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
When does woman want to travel?
In 17 .
What is not necessary if she travels in Seattle?
A 18 .
How long will she stay there?
19 days.
The flight number of her trip.
20 .
Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.
Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.
What does the woman want to pick up?
21 .
Why is the woman not very well?
She has 22 .
Why does the man think the woman gets sick?
She has been 23 a virus.
What does the man suggest the woman do?
24 .
Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Ⅱ．Grammar and vocabulary（25分）
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following, sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C or D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
25．―I hear that the Australian bushfire which happened in the north of Melbourne killed at least
181 people and destroyed many buildings.
―Yes, news came as shock to me.
A．the, the B．the, a C．a, the D．a, a
26．The librarian promised to get the book for me she could remember who last
borrowed it.
A．in case B．as long as C．even if D．as far as
27．The study you have been making the ancient Chinese characters is an instructive job.
A．to B．for C．of D．from
28．The bicycles in the other shops will be but .
A．cheaper, not as good B．more cheap, not as better
C．cheaper, not as better D．more cheap, not as good
29．Yassin’s death was not to stop Hamas’ attempt terror attack.
A．hoped; carrying on B．expected; launching
C．hoped; to carry on D．expected; to launch
30．―What’s the matter with you?
―Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I so much fried fish just now.
A．shouldn’t eat B．mustn’t have eaten
C．shouldn’t have eaten D．mustn’t eat
31．What is the way George thought of enough money to buy the house?
A．to get B．getting C．having got D．being got
32．Determination is a kind of basic quality and is it takes to do jobs well.
A．what B．that C．which D．why
33．David apologized for to inform me of the change in the plan.
A．his being not able B．him not to be able
C．his not being able D．him to he not able
34． waking from a dream, Silicon Valley has suddenly realized that the
economy means trouble for tech companies.
A．Although, collapsing B．As if, collapsed
C．Although, collapsed D．As if, collapsing
35．Comparison my make something appear more beautiful than it is when alone.
A．to see B．seeing C．is seen D．seen
36．The man showed us such a heavy stone no man could lift.
A．that B．as C．which D．and
37．The Y-shaped Metro Line 11, the longest subway in China, Jiading District, Nanhui
District and the downtown city, will be completed in late 2009.
A．connecting B．connects C．to be connected D．will connect
38．The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds his argument.
A．which to be based on B．on which to base
C．which to be based D．which to base
39．The women carrying babies, come in first, ?
A．will you B．will they C．do you D．don’t you
40．Only when .
A．did he arrive the meeting began B．he arrived the meeting began
C．did he arrive the meeting begin D．he arrived did the meeting begin
Section B
Directions: Complete the passage with the words given in the table. Each word can be used only once. There is an extra one that you will find no use for.
A．reward B．evidence C．currently D．affect AB．Benefit
AC．average AD．therapy BC．physically BD．sensible CD．lengthen
A leading researcher into old age has warned that the dream of living forever, or at least much longer than at present, could turn into a curse（祸根）rather than a blessing. It may become possible to lengthen the 41 human life by controlling genes---but what we gain may not be worth the price we would have to pay.
Professor John Grimley Evens believes that 42 , maximum life expectation is 115, but that with gene 43 it might be possible to extend this. The professor says, however, that a
44 lifestyle can extend the average lifespan of everyone at the moment.
“We know a lot already about how people’s lifestyles 45 their lifespan. There is increasing 46 to suggest that sensible lifestyles are effective in later life as well as in early and middle life.”
“It is never too late to gain some 47 from giving up smoking, from drinking less alcohol, from taking up sensible patterns of diet and exercise and from controlling body weight. We already know how to 48 human life.”
The professor believes that the process of lengthening life by means of gene therapy might bring dangers with it. If gene therapy affected only one part of the human body but not all of it, people might be 49 capable of living longer, but would start to be worse mentally at a much earlier age.
Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension（50分）
Section A（15分）
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C or D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
With oil prices approaching the symbolic mark of $ 100 a barrel, the world is heading towards its third energy shock in a generation. But today's rise is 50 different from the oil crises in the 1970s and 1980s. It will have a greater global impact.
The 51 oil shocks were caused by sudden interruptions in exports from the Middle East. But this time prices have been rising steadily as 52 gasoline in both developed countries and developing economies grows. This is the world’s first demand-led energy shock.
Oil prices 53 $ 98.6 on the New York Mercantile Exchange before falling back to $ 96.4 at the close of trading last Wednesday. Forecasts of future oil prices 54 widely. Virtually no one foresees a return to the $20 oil of a decade ago. It means consumers should face an era of high fuel 55 .
For most of the 20th century, 56 was cheap and abundant. Throughout the 1990s,
57 ,oil prices averaged $20 a barrel. Even at today’s highs, luckily, for the Americans, oil is
58 than imported bottle water.
The concern today is over how the 59 sector（行业）will meet the growth in demand over the longer term.
China faces the 60 . Rapid industrialization has come at a price: Oil demand has increased more than three times since 1980. It turned a country that was once self-sufficient into an oil 61 .
Today, however, China consumes only a third as much oil as the US, which burns a quarter of the 62 oil each day. Europe has managed to reduce oil consumption through high gasoline taxes, small cars and 63 public transportation. But Americans have not.
Experts say no one should count on oil prices rising forever. Economic 64 in the world’s major economies will probably send prices down.
50．A．nearly B．generally C．fundamentally D．traditionally
51．A．past B．unexpected C．world D．recent
52．A．supply of B．demand for C．reservation of D．production of
53．A．remained B．stroke C．dropped D．hit
54．A．range B．reach C．are D．predict
55．A．import B．consumption C．payment D．costs
56．A．food B．oil C．labors D．material
57．A．for example B．however C．nevertheless D．therefore
58．A．consumed more B．cleaner C．more expensive D．cheaper
59．A．industrial B．power C．energy D．various
60．A．chance B．challenge C．crises D．charge
61．A．exporter B．importer C．consumer D．producer
62．A．nation’s B．region’s C．world’s D．fuel
63．A．reducing B．effective C．efficient D．increasing
64．A．control B．growth C．advancement D．slowdowns
Section B （30分）
Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C or D. Choose the one that suits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
They say there are three ways to experience the Grand Canyon; on foot, on mules（骡子）or by air. We chose the first. Up early; my husband and I and our three children couldn’t wait to get started. We decided to walk along a lovely path named Bright Angel Trail.
As we set out, I was shocked at how narrow the path was. And I couldn’t help noticing that the other tourists weren’t like us. They had heavy backpacks, water bottles, and hats. But as usual we were dressed, As the sun rose higher, Arizona’s famous heat seemed to roast us. There was no shade and our legs were aching. We decided to go back, with the girl on my back and the boys far behind. By the time we finally got back, our legs were like jelly.
The next day, after we’d had a long rest and a good breakfast, we were ready for another view of the Canyon ? by air. After our last walk, this would be the easiest thing in the world.
We called to each other excitedly as the plane took off and circled around the Canyon. But the smiles on our faces disappeared as the pilot tossed（翻转）the plane around, pretending he was going to hit the ground. I shouted, “STOP, TAKE US BACK!” When we finally arrived back on land, once again our legs were like jelly. We hardly spoke as we drove back.
As I said, there are three ways to view the Grand Canyon. We never tried the mules, but personally I’d suggest a fourth: buy yourself a good magazine like National Geographic. That way, you can see the Canyon, without fear or tiredness.
65．Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph?
A．They made a careful preparation before the trip.
B．They children were more joyful than their parents.
C．Bright Angel Trail was not as lovely as they expected.
D．The summer heat prevented them from enjoying the view.
66．The underlined expression “Our legs were like jelly” probably means .
A．we were weak B．we were unhappy
C．we were dissatisfied D．we were disappointed
67．Which of the following best describes their Canyon trip by air?
A．It proved to be frightening. B．It was more comfortable.
C．It turned out to be exciting. D．It made each of them tired.
68．We can infer from the passage that .
A．experiencing the Canyon on mules would be the best way.
B．one needs to dress less when visiting the Grand Canyon.
C．the writer was not serious when she made the suggestion.
D．the whole family narrowly escaped from the air accident.
What to expect in the cinema this winter?
Running Time: 1 hour 54 min. Release Date: December7, 2007
Starring: Nicole Kidman, Dakota Blue Richards, Directed by: Chris Weitz
12-year-old Lyra is a girl who lives in a world, where human souls take the form of animal companions. When her best friend disappears, Lyra promises to find him. One thing Lyra packs for the trip is a mysterious compass that many people are violently determined to get. What is awaiting her?
Running Time: 1 hour 42min. Release Date: December14, 2007
Starring: Will Smith, Alice Braga, Dash Mihok,
Robert Neville, a brilliant scientist, isn’t quite brilliant enough to stop a man-made virus from escaping and killing everyone in sight. Somehow, Robert is Virus-free. As Robert realizes that his time may be up, he’s determined to find a way to save the human race―using his own virus-free blood.
Running Time: 1 hour 57 min. Release Date: November 29, 2007
Starring: Laz Alonso, Chris Brown,
It’s Christmas! Time for joy! Love! Gifts! And, oh family. For the first time in many years, the whitefields are all coming home. It should be a happy time for all, but after years away, it’s clear that there are plenty of reasons they’ve grown apart. How can all these people and all their secrets survive under one roof? By the time the presents are opened, they are to find out what they have missed for these years―family.
Running Time: 2hours 20min Release Date: December 22nd, 2007
Starring: Emile Hirsch, Marcia Harden
Freshly graduated from Harvard with a bright future, 22 year-old Christopher instead walked out of his “good” life and into the wild in search of adventure. What happened to him on the way changed this young wanderer into an enduring symbol for countless people. Was Christopher a heroic adventurer or another American loser?
69．The film with the longest running time is .
A．The Golden Compass B．I AM Legend
C．This Christmas D．Into the Wild
70．“This Christmas” probably .
A．reveals how to choose Christmas gifts for our relatives
B．reveals the secrets to a successful marriage
C．reveals the importance of money to any family
D．reveals the truth of a family and its real problems
71．In the movie “Into the Wild”, the “good” life is probably .
A．adventurous and dangerous B．steady and promising
C．risky and exciting D．poor and depressing
China news, Beijing, Feb. 9 ? Housing price in China has always aroused heated discussions among property developers and ordinary Chinese. To many property developers and local government officials, housing price in China is still low compared with many developed countries. However, the average housing price in the United States is only 8,000 yuan per square meter, while in China, it is even higher than in the United States. This shows that there are some bubbles(泡沫) in Chinese real estate market, the International Finance News reported.
Although the average price of residential houses in the United States, after converted to Renminbi, is about 8,000 yuan per square meter, the houses in US are not sold in terms of building area, as most Chinese property developers do when they sell their houses. If US property developers sell their houses according to the building area, then the housing price will be even lower than 8,000 yuan per square meter. In most big Chinese cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen, houses are sold at a price even higher than those in the US.
The high housing sales price in large cities in China proves that Chinese real estate market does have some bubbles. Moreover, Chinese houses can not be compared with houses in US in terms of building quality, environment and supporting facilities. Furthermore, it should be noted that American people’s average income is several dozen times higher than that of Chinese people. How can the Chinese afford to buy a house which is even more expensive than that sold in US?
At the beginning of 2007, Chinese government issued a set of policies that aimed to benefit the public. Now in order to reduce the high housing prices, the government can regulate the real estate market by raising tax on property industry and controlling the release of loans and lands to property developers. At the same time, the government should allow people to build more houses through various fund-raising channels, such as funds collected from buyers or raised by working units. By applying these multiple means, it is expected that the high housing prices can be lowered.
72．According to the passage, what is the average housing price per square meter in China?
A．8000 yuan B．10000 yuan C．7000 yuan D．It’s not mentioned here
73．Which of the following does NOT support the idea that the average housing price in China is
even higher than in the United States?
A．Chinese houses can not be compared with houses in US in terms of building quality,
environment and supporting facilities.
B．American people’s average income is several dozen times higher than that of Chinese
people.
C．The houses in US are not sold in terms of building area, as most Chinese property
developers do when they sell their houses.
D．There are more people who need houses in China.
74．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．The housing price in China is so high that the government should do something useful to
prevent it.
B．There are some bubbles in Chinese real estate market.
C．The average housing price in China is even higher than in the United States.
D．Chinese government issued a set of policies that aimed to benefit the public.
75．How many measures are mentioned in the last paragraph in order to reduce the high housing
prices?
A．Four B．Three C．Five D．Two
Some futurologists have assumed that the vast increase of women in the workforce may portend（预示）a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The opposite of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to put off marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy comes to life, the number of marriages also rises.
The increase in divorce rates follows to the increase in women working outside the home. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible（似是而非的）. Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. By raising a family’s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability.
Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.
Also, a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.
76．It is said in the passage that when the economy slides_____.
A．men would choose working women as their marriage partners
B．more women would get married to seek financial security
C．even working women would worry about their marriages
D．more people would prefer to remain single for the time being
77．If women find fulfillment through work outside the home,_____.
A．they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners
B．their husbands are expected to do more housework
C．their marriage ties can be strengthened
D．they tend to put their career before marriage
78．One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that_____.
A．they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom
B．they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands
C．they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations
D．they tend to suspect their husbands? loyalty to their marriage
79．Which of the following statements can best summarize the authors view in the passage?
A．The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the
country.
B．Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in
marriage.
C．In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain
independent.
D．The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.
Section C（5分）
Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading form A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.
A．A “needs statement” is critical to your proposal.
B．Never write a grant proposal only for funding purpose.
C．About school grants.
D．Read and understand the investor’s guidelines and requirements.
E．Describe your project fully.
F．Let your investor know your progress.
80．
You should always seek grant（奖学金）opportunities that match your program’s goals and objectives rather than the other way around. If you change your program based on an investor’s guidelines, you may end up with a project or program that is mere shell（框架）of the original plan. The goal of grant writing is not simply to bring more money in for your agency; the goal is to fund programs that will meet the needs of your investor.
81．
Most funding agencies publish grant guidelines or requirements. Make sure you understand them and follow them exactly. Note the deadline and whether the proposal must be received by the deadline. Don’t have your proposal thrown out because you didn’t follow the guidelines properly. Exceptions are rarely made, regardless of the circumstances. Some investors have special requirements; follow them!
82．
Your “needs statement” drives your entire grant proposal. The proposed program should revolve around the problems faced by your clients. The purpose of the grant is to meet the specific needs you have identified. If you have not adequately described the reason you need the program, including the research data when possible, the investor will see no reason to invest in your project.
83．
Every proposal will require a section that describes the broad goals and measurable objectives of your project. You should detail the activities of your project Your budget and budget narrative must closely match the described activities. Your evaluation should carefully measure whether the stated project objectives are being met on a timely basis. Foundation and corporate investors generally expect this section to be no longer than 5 to 10 pages. Federal grants may allow up to 50 pages or more for a thorough discussion of your project. Again, follow the guidelines of the investor.
84．
If you are fortunate enough to have your proposal funded, send a thank-you note for the grant. Next, keep the funding agency informed about your activities, progress and accomplishments. Invite them to come to see your program in operation. Send reports that tell how you’ve used the funds. In short, make your investor your partner.
第Ⅱ卷（共45分）
Ⅰ．Translation（20分）
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. You are required to use the word given in the bracket for each respective sentence.
1．出于健康的缘故，他已经戒烟了。（sake）
2．毫无疑问，人们可以从网上获得他们感兴趣的任何东西。（available）
3．据报道，近年来，旅游业每年在全世界有大约5%的增长。（enjoy）
4．作为上海市民，我们强烈地感到办好2010世博会是我们的职责。（duty）
5．轻轨（elevated train）、地铁和磁悬浮（maglev train）构成的城市公共交通使上海成为一个
更适宜居住的城市。（make）
6．有消息说，他被复旦大学提前录取了，这使得他的父母欣喜若狂。（which）
Ⅱ．Guided writing（25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120―150 words. The composition must be based on the information given below.
现在，高中生的学习压力越来越大，甚至出现了广大师生不愿意看到的情况。请结合自身情况，谈谈压力太大的危害以及减少压力的办法。
参 考 答 案
Listening comprehension
1-10 CCBAD CBBAC 11-13 ABC 14-16 BAC
17．May 18．passport 19．7 20．CA586
21．An apple pie 22．caught a flu 23．infected with/by 24．Call the doctor
25-29 BBCAD 30-34 CAACD 35-40 DBABAD 41-45 AC, C,AD,BD,D
46-49 B, AB,CD,BC
50-54 CABDA 55-59 DBADC 60-64 BBCCD
65-68 CAAC 69-71 DDB 72-75 DDAB
76-79 DCAD 80-84 BDAEF
Translation（only for reference）
1．He gave up smoking for the sake of his health.
2．There is no doubt that anything that interests people/ people are interested in can be available（to
them）from the Internet/ online.
3．It is reported that/ According to a report, in recent years tourism has enjoyed an annual growth of
about 5% worldwide.
4．As citizens of Shanghai, we feel strongly（that）it（is）our duty to host the 2010 World Expo
well/successfully.
5．The public transportation made up of elevated trains, underground trains and maglev trains has
made Shanghai a better city to live in.
6．Word came that he had been admitted to Fudan University in advance, which made his parents
wild with joy.
Guided Writing（略）
评 分 标 准
Ⅰ．翻译评分标准
1．第1-4题，每题3分。第5-6题，每题4分。
2．在每题中，单词拼写、标点符号、大小写错误累计每两处扣1分。
3．语法错误每处扣1分。每句同类语法错误不重复扣分。
4．译文没有用所给单词，扣1分。
Ⅱ．写作
档次
内容
语言
组织结构
A
9-10
9-10
4-5
B
7-8
7-8
3
C
5-6
5-6
2
D
3-4
3-4
1
E
0-2
0-2
0
评分标准：（建议均分16分左右）
1．本题总分为25分，其中内容10分，语言10分，组织结构5分。
2．评分时应注意的主要方面：内容要点，应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性及上下文的
连贯性。
3．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定所属档次，然后对照相应的组织结构档次给
予加分。其中，内容和语言两部分相加，得15分或以上者，可考虑加4-5分，15分以下
者只能考虑加0，1，2，3分。
4．词数少于70，总分最多不超过10分。
各档次给分要求：
内容部分：
A．内容充实，主题突出，详略得当。
B．内容较充实，能表达出作文要求。
C．内容基本充实，尚能表达出作文要求。
D．漏掉或未能写清楚主要内容，有些内容与主题无关。
E．明显遗漏主要内容，严重离题。
语言部分：
A．具有很好的语言表达能力，语法结构正确或有些小错误，主要因为试用了较复杂结
构或词汇所致。
B．具有较强的语言表达能力，语法结构和词汇的应用基本正确，错误主要是因为尝试
较复杂结构和词汇所致。
C．有一些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。
D．语法结构与词汇错误较多，影响了对内容的理解。
E．语法结构与词汇的错误很多，影响了对内容的理解。
组织结构部分：
A．自然地使用了语句间的连接成分，全文流畅结构紧凑。句子结构多样，词汇丰富。
B．能使用语句间连接成分，全文流畅结构紧凑。句子结构多样，词汇较丰富。
C．能使用简单的语句间连接成分，全文内容连贯。句子结构有一定的变化，词汇使用
得当。
D．尚能使用语句间连接成分，语言连贯性较差。句子结构单调，词汇较贫乏。
E．缺乏语句间的连接成分，语言不连贯。词不达意。
本资料由《七彩教育网》www.7caiedu.cn 提供！
本资料来源于《七彩教育网》http://www.7caiedu.cn
上 海 市
2009年高三十四校联考模拟试卷
理科综合能力测试
（理科使用）
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。满分为150分。考试时间为120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷（共63分）
考生注意：
第Ⅰ卷（1―21题）为单选题，由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用2B铅笔涂黑。注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。答案涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
1．社会主义民主政治的本质和核心是 （ ）
A．共产党的领导 B．人民代表大会制度
C．人民当家作主 D．人民民主专政
2．右图为近代某国国家结构及运作示意图，其所
示政体的理论依据是 （ ）
A．天赋人权学说
B．三权分立学说
C．人民主权说
D．社会契约论
3．如果要制成如右图所示的人口统计图，须具备的数据资
料是 （ ）
A．出生率、死亡率
B．死亡率、性别比率
C．出生率、年龄段比率
D．年龄段比率、性别比率
4．下列关于惯性的说法中，正确的是 （ ）
A．竖直上抛一物体该物体上升时的惯性大于下降时的惯性；
B．物体静止时才有惯性，物体一开始运动。不再保持原有的运动状态，也就失去了惯性；
C．物体不受力作用时才有惯性；
D．在相同外力作用下获得加速度小的物体惯性大。
5．用于气筒给自行车内胎打气的过程中，打气筒的筒壁温度升高的直接原因是 （ ）
A．活塞克服气筒壁摩擦做功与压缩气体做功
B．活塞压缩气体做功
C．活塞克服气筒壁摩擦做功与气体的热传递
D．活塞克服气筒壁摩擦做功
6．计算电功率的公式
中，U表示加在用电器两端的电压值，R是用电器的电阻值，则此式可用于 （ ）
A．计算电冰箱的功率 B．计算电风扇的功率
C．计算电烙铁的功率 D．计算一切用电器的功率
7．用a粒子轰击氮原子核从而发现质子的科学家是 （ ）
A．卢瑟福 B．居里夫妇 C．贝可勒尔 D．查德威克
8．如图所示，可以在支座上自由转动的横梁两端，分别装有很轻的铝环，其中一个是闭合的，另一个是断开的。如果用条形磁铁的任一极快速接近两个圆环，下列解释正确的是 （ ）
A．磁铁接近闭合圆环时，圆环靠近磁铁；
B．磁铁接近断开圆环时，圆环静止不动；
C．磁铁接近闭合圆环时，圆环静止不动；
D．磁铁接近断开圆环时，圆环靠近磁铁；
9．某消防队员从一平台上跳下，下落2m后双脚触地，接着他用双腿弯曲的方法缓冲，使自身重心又降下0.5m，在着地过程中地面对它双脚的平均作用力为 （ ）
A．自身重力的8倍 B．自身重力的10倍
C．自身重力的2倍 D．自身重力的5倍
10．在生活中，我们发现周围有一些特殊的图标，对以下图标解释错误的是 （ ）
 |
A．①是易燃易爆的标志 B．②有毒气体的标志
C．③是节水标志 D．④是绿色食品的标志
11．为了防止四川地区震后出现疫情，医务人员向受灾地区的废墟、河道等喷洒的含氯消毒剂是 （ ）
A．氯化钙 B．氯水 C．盐酸 D．漂粉精
12．下列有关化学史的叙述错误的是 （ ）
A．我国春秋晚期能炼铁，战国晚期能炼钢
B．法国科学家道尔顿提出了近代原子学说
C．俄国化学家门捷列大发现了元素周期律
D．意大利科学家阿佛加德罗提出了分子的概念
13．
A．砷化氢比磷化氢稳定
B．酸性：砷酸＞磷酸
C．镓单质不能与水反应
D．碱性：Ca（OH）3＞Al（OH）3
14．一段时间以来，部分加油站为了牟取暴力，用甲醇代替乙醇，用变通汽油代替乙醇汽油。检验汽油是否合格最简单的方法是往一定量的汽油中加一定量的纯净水混合均匀。合格汽油中加水混合后的则实验现象正确的是 （ ）
A．出现沉淀 B．发生浑浊
C．分层 D．没有明显现象
15．在实验前我们搭好装置后都要对装置的气密性检查，以下检查气密性描述错误的是
（ ）
A．图甲：把导管b的下端浸入水中，用手紧握捂热试管a，导管口会有气泡冒出，松开手后，水又会回升到导管b中，这样说明整个装置气密性好。
B．图乙：打开活塞，向球形漏斗中加水，使漏斗中的液面高于容器的液面，静止片刻，液面不变，证明装置气密性好
C．图丙：连接好仪器，向b管中注入适量水，使b管液面高于a管液面。静置片刻，若液面保持不变，证明装置不漏气。
D．图丁：关闭活塞K从长颈漏斗加水至浸没下端管口，若漏斗颈出现稳定的高度水柱，证明装置不漏气。
16．下列关于叶绿素合成和功能的叙述，错误的是 （ ）
A．光是叶绿素合成的必要条件
B．低温抑制叶绿素的合成
C．矿质元素影响叶绿素的合成
D．提取的叶绿素溶液，给予适宜的温度、光照和CO2，可进行光合作用
17．
①体温下降 ②机体耗氧量降低
③皮肤血管收缩 ④体温调节中枢兴奋性增强
⑤甲状腺激素分泌量增加
A．①③④ B．①④⑤ C．②③⑤ D．③④⑤
18．通过特定方法，科学家将小鼠和人已分化的体细胞成功地转变成了类胚胎干细胞。有关分化的体细胞和类胚胎干细胞的描述，正确的是 （ ）
A．类胚胎干细胞能够分化成多种细胞
B．分化的体细胞丢失了某些基因
C．二者功能有差异，但形态没有差异
D．二者基因组相同，有表达的基因相同
19．将蛙的卵放入含有蛙脑垂体提取液的培养液中，同时检测某种激素的含量。经过一段时间培养后，再检测培养液中该激素的含量，发现该激素含量增加，这种激素是（ ）
A．促性腺激素释放激素 B．促性腺激素
C．促甲状腺激素 D．雌激素
20．“科技奥运”是2008年北京奥运会的三大理念之一，而兴奋剂的检测是其中一个重要课题。EPO（促红细胞生成素）是一种传统的兴奋剂，这种兴奋剂可增加血液中红细胞含量，从而提高运动成绩，许多运动员因冒险服用而遭禁赛。若借助于基因治疗手段，将这种兴奋剂的基因注入人体，在身体里形成一个局部的EPO制造基地，那么传统的尿样和血样检测都无法查出。下列有关基因兴奋剂的说法，错误的是 （ ）
A．运动员注入的能改善运动员各种运动能力和耐力的基因称为基因兴奋剂
B．EPO（促红细胞生成素）可增加血液中红细胞含量，提高运输氧气的能力
C．通过DNA检测，可以查出运动员体内是否加入了基因兴奋剂
D．基因兴奋剂引起的变异属于可遗传变异，产生的物质对人体无副作用
21．有一山区由于开采露天小铁矿等活动，自然生态系统完全被破坏，成为一片废墟，为尽快使该山区恢复到原有自然生态系统状态，应采取的最好措施是在这片废墟上（ ）
A．回填土壤，引进多种外来物种，重建新的生态系统
B．撤出人类全部活动，实行全面封闭，等待自然恢复
C．回填土壤，栽培当地经济农作物，发展农业生产
D．回填土壤，栽种当地原有的植物，实行封山育林
第Ⅱ卷（共87分）
第Ⅱ卷（22―53题）为综合分析题，除题中注明外，选择题均为单选题。请把答案填写在答题纸上。
本资料来源于《七彩教育网》http://www.7caiedu.cn
上 海 市
2009年高三十四校联考模拟试卷
物 理 试 题
考生注意：
1．本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2．第20、21、22、23、24题要求写出必要的文字说明、方式程和重要的演算步骤。只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分。有关物理量的数值计算问题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。
本资料来源于《七彩教育网》http://www.7caiedu.cn
上 海 市
2009年高三十四校联考模拟试卷
文科综合能力测试
（文科使用）
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。满分为150分。考试时间为120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷（共63分）
考生注意：
第Ⅰ卷（1―21题）为单选题，由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用2B铅笔涂黑。注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。答案涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
1．中央一号文件创纪录连续6次关注三农2009年的中央一号文件再次关注“三农”，这是中央从2004年以来连续第六年将一号文件的落脚点锁定于“三农”领域，也是中国建国以来决策层对“三农”的最长关注周期。中央一号文件第六次锁定“三农”原因是（ ）
A．农业是国民经济的基础
B．农业的发展对国民经济具有先导作用
C．发展农业就能达到国民经济持续快速健康发展
D．农业现代化是国家现代化的重中之重
2．坚持解决好“三农”问题是全党工作重中之重的战略思想丝毫不能动摇，促进农业稳定发展、农民持续增收的重要任务丝毫不能放松，支农惠农的政策力度丝毫不能减弱，扎实推进新农村建设的各项工作丝毫不能松懈。从政治学来看，原因在于 （ ）
①我国是人民民主专政的国家 ②党要管党，从严治党的原则体现
③三个代表的要求 ④国家机关要对人民负责
A．①③④ B．②③④ C．①③ D．①④
3．发展现代农业应该坚持 （ ）
①用现代科学技术改造农业，提高农业效益
②完善和坚持党在农村的各项政策，加大惠农力度
③提高农民素质
④统筹城乡经济社会发展实行工业反哺农业
A．①②③④ B．③④ C．①②③ D．①②④
4．十七大强调：“扩大社会主义民主，更好地保障人民权益和社会公平正义。”这样做目的在于 （ ）
①保证人民当家作主
②增强党和国家活力，调动人民积极性目标
③扩大社会主义民主，让每一个人成为国家的主人
④建设社会主义法治国家，发展社会主义政治文明
A．①②④ B．②③④ C．①②③ D．①③④
5．社会主义民主政治的本质和核心是 （ ）
A．共产党的领导 B．人民代表大会制度
C．人民当家作主 D．人民民主专政
6．以下哪些措施可以提高民主化水平 （ ）
①健全民主制度，丰富民主形式，拓宽民主渠道
②实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督
③保障人民的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权
④让每一个人都参与国家决策
A．①②④ B．③④ C．①②③④ D．①②③
7．世界文明丰富多彩，总是呈现多元化的特点。我们在观察各地区衣食住行的生活特征和考察各民族在思想意识文化的差异时，分析其原因必须考虑的是 （ ）
①地理环境 ②生产方式 ③历史传统 ④民族心理
①② B．②③ C．①③④ D．①②③④
8．文字的诞生是人类进入文明社会的重要标志之一。今天世界各地的拼音字母大多由下列图片中的一种文字演变而来，这种文字是 （ ）
9．法律的发展和完善是人类文明进步的重要体现。观察下图，关于罗马法的说法错误的是 （ ）
A．《十二铜表法》是成文法发展的起点
B．《十二铜表法》可以看作是公民法的典型代表
C．从习惯法发展到成文法，根本原因都是平民与贵族的长期斗争
D．当公民法演变为万民法时，罗马成文法已较完善，因此万民法基本上都是成文法
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10．右图为近代某国国家结构及运作示意图，其所
示政体的理论依据是 （ ）
A．天赋人权学说
B．三权分立学说
C．人民主权说
D．社会契约论
11．下列来源于中国互联网络信息中心（CNNIC）《中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》的数据，体现出的社会变化不包括 （ ）
A．中国与世界的联系日益密切 B．信息技术革命在中国得到迅速发展
C．互联网替代了其它信息传媒 D．高新技术的发展改变了人们的生活
12．右图所示邮票纪念的历史事件发生在（ ）
A．农业时代 B．工业时代
C．信息时代 D．蒸汽时代
13．
14．如果要制成如左图所示的人口统计图，须具备的数据资料是 （ ）
A．出生率、死亡率
B．出生率、年龄段比率
C．死亡率、性别段比率
D．年龄段比率、性别比率
15．下列等高线图中，可能发育有河流的是 （ ）
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A．a线 B．b线 C．c线 D．d线
16．地理信息系统比传统地图高明的是，能通过了解某地物随时间变化的过程，分析该地物的 （ ）
A．发展趋势 B．位置变化 C．历史意义 D．区位特征
17．大卖场多布局在中心城区的外围，是因为这里 （ ）
A．地价比较便宜 B．交通条件好 C．集聚条件好 D．人口密度大
18．我国的产业结构升级大体经历了四个阶段，按时间排序，下列正确的一组是 （ ）
①技术密集型的微电子和信息技术制造业
②劳动密集型的纺织化纤业
③兼具资本、技术密集型的汽车、机械、电器制造业
④资本密集型的钢铁、造船、石化行业
A．①②④③ B．②④③① C．③②④① D．④①③②
19．用a粒子轰击氮原子核从而发现质子的科学家是 （ ）
A．卢琴福 B．居里夫妇 C．贝可勒尔 D．查德威克
20．在生活中，我们发现周围有一些特殊的图标，对以下图标解释错误的是 （ ）
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A．①是易燃易爆的标志 B．②有毒气体的标志
C．③是节水标志 D．④是绿色食品的标志
21．有一山区由于开采露天小铁矿等活动，自然生态系统完全被破坏，成为一片废墟，为尽快使该山区恢复到原有自然生态系统状态，应采取的最好措施是在这片废墟上（ ）
A．回填土壤，引进多种外来物种，重建新的生态系统
B．撤出人类全部活动，实行全面封闭，等待自然恢复
C．回填土壤，栽培当地经济农作物，发展农业生产
D．回填土壤，栽种当地原有的植物，实行封山育林
第Ⅱ卷（共87分）
第Ⅱ卷（22―53题）为综合分析题，除题中注明外，选择题均为单选题。请把答案填写在答题纸上。