48． He will give the dictionary to ______ need it.

A. whoever　　　 B. whomever　　　 C. no matter who　　　 C. those who

答案是A， D不可以吗？

答： whoever表示 “任何人” 相当于 “anyone who” ， :those who”不能表达这个意思。

47. It is not clear ______ this story took place.

A. where and when　　　 B. when and where

C. how and why　　　　　 D. why and how

答案是B， 其他的为什么不可以呢？

答： when and where引导主语从句， 习惯用法。 不用where and when.

46. 动词的现在分词与过去分词在用法上有什么异同? 学习这一语法内容还要注意哪些方面?

答: 现在分词和过去分词都是非谓语动词形式, 从语法功能上讲都可以用来作表语、定语、状语、补语等； 但现在分词和过去分词在意义上不同：一般说来， 现在分词表主动的意义， 过去分词表被动的意义。例如：

a moving film 一部动人的电影

a moved audience 一个被感动了的观众

用做定语或表语现在分词和过去分词在其所表的动作上亦不同： 现在分词所表的动作皆未完成， 过去分词所表的动作则已完成。 例如：

boiling water 正在煮沸的水

boiled water 已煮沸的水

学习现在分词和过去分词要了解现在分词表示主动及动作在进行；过去分词表示被动和动作完成。 另外， 还要注意过去分词和现在分词的被动式或完成式的区别。 例如：

Did you see the boy being questioned by the police?

Not having met him, I cannot tell you what he is like.

上述两句都不能用过去分词

再比较下面两个句子：

I saw the net being haulted in. 我看见鱼网正在被拉上来

I saw the net haulted in我看见鱼网被拉上来了。

另外还要注意： 现在分词和过去分词做状语时， 分词的逻辑主语一定要是主句的主语。看看这个句子：

Seen from the window of the plane, I found the buildings seemed like little boxes.

这个句子是错误的， 因为分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致。 正确的表达应该是：

Seeing from the window of the plane, I found the buildings seemed like little boxes.

Seen from the window of the plane, the buildings seemed like little boxes.

45． 老师你能举例说明reach一词的用法吗？

答： 这里简单谈谈reach这个词的一些常见的用法；

(1)　　　 用作不可数名词， 有“伸手可及的距离， 容易达到的距离/范围”的意思。

例如: The bottle was within/out of his reach.

We live within easy reach of the shops.

It’s beyond the reach of my imagination.

(2)　　　 用作及物动词， 有 “到达， 伸手去取， 与……联系”等意义.

例如: After several changes of plane, we finally reached Paris on Tuesday morning.

Are you tall enough to reach the apple on the tree?

You can always reach him on this phone number.

(3)　　　 用作不及物动词, 有”伸展, 延伸, 伸出”等意义.

例如:The garden reaches down to the lake.

He reached across the table and picked up the book.

44. I’ve got a terrible headache. I tried ______ some medicine but it didn’t help.

A. to take　　 B. having taken　　 C. taking　　 D. to have taken

该题答案是C. B项不行吗?

答: try doing “试着做…” tried用了过去时, 句子陈述过去的动作, -ing短语不用完成形式.

43. learn to do, learn doing, learn how to do有何区别?

答: learn的用法

(1)　　 　learn to do sth. 学---, 学会---

She has learned to drive a car. 她已学会了开车.

Have you learned to speak French? 你学会说法语了吗?

You must learn to be more patient. 你应该学会更有耐性.

(2)　　 learn how/what to do sth. 学习做什么(怎样做)

Have you learned how to drive a car? 你学会开车了吗?

I learned how to do with it in case of emergency. 我学会了在紧急状况下如何应变.

(3)　　 learn sth. from sb. 从---了解/学会---

We learned English from an American teacher. 我们跟一位美国教师学习英语.

She learned cooking (n.) from her mother. 她从她母亲那儿学的烹饪.

一般说来, learn后面不跟动词ing形式 . 上句中的cooking是名词. 另外, 还有learn of sth.. (了解/听说---)、learn--- by heart(熟记---， 背诵---)也是常用的词组。 如：

I learned of the matter from my neighbour. 我从我的邻居那儿听说了这件事。

You’d better learn more English texts by heart. 你最好多背一些英语课文。

42. Welcome一词有哪些用法?

答: (1) interj.---an expression of pleasure at someone’s arrival or return. 欢迎

eg: Welcome back to school.

Welcome to Canada.

(2) vt. a. ---to meet or greet, esp. with pleasure. 欢迎(来访者), 欢喜地迎接

eg: They welcomed him with flowers.

b. ---to receive (someone) into the stated place with greetings.　 (将某人)迎到某处

eg: They welcomed the guests in.

(3) adj. ---acceptable and wanted 受欢迎的; 会被接纳的

　 ---pleasant and likeable　 可喜的

　 ---allowed freely (to have), sometimes because not wanted　 随……的便; 被允许的

eg: a welcome suggestion/ a welcome change

You are welcome to do whatever you like.

(4) n. ---a greeting on arrival 欢迎; 迎接

eg: They gave us a warm welcome.

41. 请问change into, chang for的区别是什么?

答: change……for……: “以……换……”; “兑换”

eg: She took the dress back to the shop and changed it for another.

Where can it change Euro for foreign money?

change into: means: to become; cause to become 变成, 转换成, 使变成

eg: The scientists tried to change iron into gold.

The cat changed into a beautiful princess.

40. “Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does ______ his boss.”

A. serves.　　 B. satisfies　　　 C. promises　　　 D. supports

请说明这是个什么从句? 并解释每一个答案的区别及用法.

答: 答案:satisfies

首先分析句子结构: 这是一个包含三个从句的复合句, 句子的主干是Nick is looking for another job…, because 引导的从句是原因状语从句, 在这个从句中有包含that引导的从句作feels的宾语, 省略了关系代词的定语从句he does修饰代词nothing.

　 弄清了句子结构再来看句子的意义: nick在找另一份工作因为他感觉到他所做的事情没一件让老板满意的. 因此, 我们选择satisfies. 其他几个动词serves是 “服务”, promises是 “答应”, supports是 “支持”的意思, 在这儿都不符合语境.

39. 请说明convenient一词的用法.

答: convenient adj 在句中常用做定语和表语.

eg: a convenient house/time (suited to one’s needs)

Our house is convenient for the shops. (near; easy to reach)

注意上两例中convenient的意义.受汉语习惯影响, 我们常常会看到这样的错句:

Come and chat with me whenever you are convenient.

根据convenient的意义, 正确的表达应该是:

Come and at with me whenever it is convenient for you.