2．同一个动词。后面加上不同的小品词(即介词或副词)：
常见的这些动词有：break，die，call，cut，come，get，go，look，put，set，turn，take，pay，pick，make等。
1)break+介词／副词的短语有：
break
down击败，摧毁；发生故障，(身体)垮掉；break out爆发；break
through突破，突围；break off中断，突然停止；break up打碎；分解；驱散；break in打断；break into破门而人；break away突然离开；逃脱；脱离等。
2)bring+介词的短语有：
bring
about使发生；bring back拿回来，使恢复；bring down打倒，降低；bring in引进；bring out出版，生产；bring up培养，养育；bring over使相信，征服等。
3)call+介词／副词的短语有：
call
after以……的名字命名；call back叫回，召回，使回忆起；call up征召入伍，给某人打电话，使想起；call on号召，拜访某人．call in召集；call off取消等。
4)come+介词／副词的短语有：
come in进来；come from；来自于……；come about产生；come over过来：come out出来，出现；come by从旁经过；come up上来，走进；come across偶遇；come
along发生，进步；come after跟着……来；come back回来；come
around恢复知觉；回来；come down下来，倒塌等。
[考例]
5)cut+介词的短语有：
cut in插嘴，插入；cut across抄近路；cut
back减少；cut off切断；cut up切碎，cut
away砍掉；cut down砍倒，削减等等；cut out切掉，裁剪出，停止；cut throug通过，穿过等。
[考例]
6)get+介词／副词的短语有：
get about传播；走动；get through到达，做完，通过，度过，打通(电话)；get
in进入，陷入；get on上车，进展，融洽相处；get off下车，下来；get across通过，被理解；get along进展，融洽相处；get away离开，脱身等。
[考例]Don't __while the bus is moving，or you may hurt yourself and even someone
outside．[07南通市]
A．get on B
get up C．get off D．get in
[答案]C。[解析] 句中提到了bus，上车是get on，下车是get
off，确定答案在A与C中。再由后面的someone outside(外面的人)可知，这儿说的是下车。
Wake up，Nick．It's
time to____，or you'll be late for school．[温州]
A．get up B．get back C．get away D．get off
答案：A解析：本题考查动词短语的用法。由题意“到了起床的时间了，尼克，否则你会迟到”，故选A。
7)give+介词／副词的短语有：
give up放弃；give in屈服，投降；give away赠送，捐赠；泄漏；give over移交，交出，give off放出，发出，排出；give out分发，散发，放出(光，热)；give back归还等。
[考例]
8)go+介词／副词的短语有：
go ahead着手，开始(做)，进行；go along 进展，前进；go around到处走动；顺便访问；go away离去，走开；go beyond超过；go
by过去，流逝；go down下降；go up上升；go
for喜欢；go off离开，停止；go over复习，温习；go through经历，穿过等。
[考例]
9)1ook+介词／副词的短语有：
look
after照顾，照料；look away把目光移开；1ook around环顾；look
at看；look down朝下看；look for寻找；look
into调查；look out当心；look through浏览，检查；等。
[考例]--Excuse me, Mr Li, I don't know
the meaning of the whole sentence. What shall I do? [成都市]
--You'd better first _______the
new words.
A. look
for B.
look up C.
look through
[答案]B。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。此处look up意为“查阅”(词典等)。look
for寻找；look through浏览。
Kate
didn't go to the movie last night because she had to ________her sick dog at
home. [陕西省]
A. look
at
B.
look up C.
look for
D.
look after
[答案]D。[解析]考查词组的的含义。 四个选项中A项表示“看”；B项表示“仰视”或“查找”；C项表示“寻找”；而根据句意，只有D项“照看”符合题意。
10)take+介词/副词的短语有：
The plane
__________at three o'clock in the afternoon. [广东省]
A. takes
off B.
takes away C.
takes out D.
takes down
[答案]A。[解析]本题考查四个动词短语的区别。 题意为“飞机在下午三点钟起飞”。故应选A。take off是同定搭配，意为“脱下；起飞”等；而take away是“带走，拿走”的意思；take out意为“取出，拿出”；take down是“写下，记下”之意。
11)turn+介词／副词的短有：
turn about／round(使)向后转，回头，转身；turn against(使)反对(某人)；turn away转过脸去，拒绝；turn back往回走；turn down调低，关小，拒绝；turn in上缴，上交；turn into(使)变成；turn
off关掉；turn on打开；rum out'熄灭，生产；turn to求助于，转向；turn up
调高，到达，出现等。
[考例]
11)put+介词／副词的短语有：
put aside把……放在一边，积蓄；put back把……放回原处；put down放下，镇压；put forward提出，建议；put in放进；put off迟，拖延；put on穿上，戴上，增加，上演，put out生产出，出版；put up举起，张贴等。
[考例]After eight hours hard work，the firemen finally _____the forest fire．
[07连云港市]
A．put away B．put out C．put down D．put in
[答案]B。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。 put away收起来放好；put out熄灭；put down放下；put in放进去。宾语为“森林大火”，所以用put out。
12)be／get／become+过去分词／形容词+介词的短语有：
be
dressed in穿着；be fond of爱好，喜爱；be lost in沉溺于；be
located in位于；be addicted to沉溺于．be used to习惯于；be
curious about对……好奇；be engaged in忙于……，be glad to乐意……；be
convinced of确信，认识到；be aware of意识到；be worried about担心等。
[考例]
13)动词+副词+介词的短语有：
add up to合计达；break away from从……脱离开；come up with想出；catch up with赶上；get down to开始认真地做某事；go in for参加，追求；keep away from远离；keep up with跟上；date
back to追溯到；put up with忍受，容忍·；run out of用完；watch
out for当心；look down upon瞧不起；go ahead with开始，着手；go along with一起去，同意；hold on to坚持等。
[考例]Though their parents work in
faraway cities to make money，those“stay-home children" can
________themselves．[台州市]
A．look
out of B
come up with C．take care of D
．catch up with
[答案]C。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。 look out of向外看；come
up with想出take care of照顾catch up with赶上。句意为“虽然他们的父母在遥远的城市里工作赚钱，但那些留守的孩子能照顾好自己”。
---Do you
have this kind of MP4?
---Sorry，we ____yesterday．You can come next week. [南宁市]
A．wrote them down B. tried them on C．took them off D ．sold them out
[答案]D 。[解析]从问句可知是买MP4，所以答语为“对不起，昨天卖完了”。Write down写下来；try on试穿；take off脱下；sell
out卖完。只有D项符合题意。