第8讲
一、Language points
1. recognize sb as：认出某人是…
be recognized as：某人被认作…
recognize sb to do sth：承认某人做某事
recognize that-clause
recognition (n.)
2. dress：既表动作，也表状态＋
dress sb
be dressed in
have on：表状态，不用于进行时
wear：表状态＋（衣服、鞋帽、领带、围巾、首饰、眼镜）
表示某一时间的穿戴，常用进行时
put on：表动作
3. prove sth
sth to sb
sth to be
as
(to be)that-clause
4. beyond control：无法控制
in control：控制着
under control：控制中
out of control=lose control of：失控
5. tear sth to/into pieces
sth in half/into halves
sth open
sth down
at
sth：撕扯着…（表过程）
sth：撕碎/撕破（表结果）
up：毁掉
off：脱去、跑掉
away from…：从…夺走
6. attend school/church
attend the meeting/lecture
join party/league/club/sb
join in the party/activity
7. call on sb=drop in on sb
call at a place=drop in at a place
visit +sb/a place
pay a visit to a place
8. be (well) worth + n./doing sth
be worthy + of+n.
of+being done
to be done
9. pay for sth
pay sb for sth
pay sb money for sth=pay money to sb for sth
pay off：全部还清
pay back：偿还，归还；报复
10. make/carry out/perform/do experiment
by experiment
experiment on/upon…：对…进行实验
第7讲
一、Language points
1.
choose：选中，选出（结果）
choose from：从…中挑选
pick：挑选（小东西）
select：选择（过程）
elect：选举
vote：投票
2. be
similar to
the same as
3.
light lit, lit(后置定语、状语、表语，完成时，被动态)
lighted, lighted(前前态一梦otet
)
4.
celebrate+sth
in celebration of/for the celebration of：为了庆祝…
congratulate+sb+on+sth
5.
give away：离开，赠送
keep away (from)：使离开
break away (from)：脱离
put away：存储
do away with：处理掉
turn away：解雇
throw away：扔掉
6.
honour vt. ：尊敬，以…为荣
n. ：尊敬，(pl)光荣，荣誉
in honor of：为了纪念…，尊敬
a sense of honour：廉耻心
show honor to sb：尊敬某人
7.
pain (n.)：指一般的疼痛；pains：还有“麻烦，努力”之意
ache (v.)：指局部较持久的疼痛，是陷痛；
(n.)常见在复合词中：headache,stomachace
hurt
vt：伤害
vi：常指精神、感情伤害；也指肉体伤害。
8.
a bit/a little：一点儿，在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词及其比较级
not a bit=not at all
not a little=very much
a bit of +n.(u)
a little
9.
in a/one word：简言之，总之
in other words：换句话说
in words：用语言，口头上
word (u)：消息，诺言
10.
such as：用于列举事物，且只列举部分
for example/instance：用来举例说明，不表列举或等同
namely=that is (to say)：即（列举全部）
11.
develop healthy habits：养成健康的习惯
develop an interest in sth：培养…的兴趣
develop…into…：把…发展成为…
develop from…：从…进化/发展起来
develop natural resources：开发自然资源
develop films：冲洗胶卷
12. 现在进行时有时代替一般现在时，表示经常性或重复性的动作，句中常见的副词有：forever, always, repeatedly, constantly, 也用every/each day/year; 这时往往表达一种感情色彩，如：不满，厌烦，赞扬等。
She is always helping others.
The problem is that 300 people are dying each day from illnesses caused by smoking.
第6讲
一、Language points
1.
keep a record of
keep records of
break/beat the record for/in+比赛项目
hold/keep the record of
set (up) the world record for/in+比赛项目
set up a new world record
make a record/make records
play/put on a record
2.
sb/sth=be
satisfied with sb/sth
satisfy one’s desires/hunger/thirst
the conditions
to one’s satisfaction
adj.: satisfying, satisfied, satisfactory
3.
treat
a disease
sb
treat sb/oneself (to sth)
This is my treat.
Dutch treat
4.
explain/whisper sth to sb
=explain/whisper to sb sth
in a whisper=in whispers
5.
character: 性格，人物，汉字
characteristic: 特征，特点
6.
trouble sb to do
be troubled with
ask/look for trouble
get into trouble
be in trouble
get out of trouble
have trouble (in) doing sth
have trouble with sth
make trouble：闹事
take (the) trouble to do：尽力/设法做…
put sb to the trouble of doing：麻烦某人做…
7.
turn on
turn off
turn in give/hand out
turn up turn down
turn around/round
turn away
turn over
turn back
turn out (to be)
turn to sb/sth
7.
only if…: 只有，只要…
had done──过去
if only: 要是…该多好＋ did/were──现在
would/should do
将来
did/were
2.
at one time=once
at times=sometimes
at all times=always
at a time=each time
for a time=for some time
at no time
at the same time
3.
supply sth to sb=supply sb with sth
provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth
offer sb sth=offer sth to sb
4.
have a habit of doing
form/develop the habit of
be in the habit of
5.
face the music: 临危不惧
play music=perform music
6.
more than: 不仅仅，超过
more than one+n.(单)+V(单)：不止一个
More than one student likes this film.
more than+n/adj: 远非，不仅仅是…
Bamboo is used for more than building.
no more than: 只有，仅仅
not more than=at (the) most: 最多…，不超过…
more…than…：与其说…不如说…
The man is more brave than wise.
14. the next time时间名词短语用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，此外，the first time, every time, each time, the moment, the minute, the second。
第5讲
一、Language points
1.
sth：与…一致/符合
sb：同意某人
with one’s
idea/opinion 同意某人的意见
what sb said (观点，所说的话)
to on’s plan/arrangement/suggestion
agree 同意某人的计划、安排、意见
about/on/upon sth同意做某事
to do sth
that-clause
2.
of/about sth 提醒
remind sb to do sth
that-clause 使人回忆起…
3.
add…to…：把…加上(在)…
add to=increase：增添，增进
add up (to)：加(起来是)，总计达…
4.
success n.(U)成功，(C)成功者/事
succeed v. successful a. successfully ad.
be successful in (doing)
sth
succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
have success in doing sth
Sb/sth is a success.
5.
be/stay/keep+in touch with 表状态
be out of touch with
get in touch with 表动作
lose touch with
6.
in case of+短语
in case+从句
in no case决不
in any case无论如何
in that case如果那样
5.
expensive/cheap
valuable/valueless
priceless=very expensive：无价的
6.
respond (vi)+ to…：对…回应
with/by：以…(方式)回答，响应
resonse (n.)
7.
be harmful to sb/sth
do sb/sth harm
do harm to sb/sth
do sb/sth good
do good to sb/sth
8.
die out：(家族、物种等)死光，灭绝；
(习俗、做法、观念)消失，过时；(火)熄灭
die away：(风、声音、光线等)逐渐停止(消失)
die down：(指炉火等)渐熄；(指骚动等)渐平息；(指闹声)消失
die off：先后死去了；…死去
die of：死于内因(如疾病、年老、饥饿、情感等)
die from：死于外因(如损伤、事故、天灾等)
11.
as a/the result of：由于…
as a result：结果，因此
result from：因…而引起
result in=cause：导致，致使…
12.
take measures to do sth：采取措施
make clothes to one’s own measure：量体裁衣
13.
late：晚，迟，不久前
lately=recently：近来
last：最后，最后的
latest：最近的，最新的
later：后来；结构常为：一段时间＋later：过了…之后
14.
adapt to sth/sb：适应某物/某人
adapt sth/sb to sth/sb：使某物/某人适应某物/某人
adapt oneself to：使自己适应某事
adapt from：根据…改写/改编
adapt：指修改或改变以适应新条件
You should adapt yourself t the new environment.
adjust：是指“调整、调节”使之适应
You can’t see through the telescope until it is adjusted to
your eyes
fit：多指“大小适合”，引申为“吻合”
The shoes fitted me well.
suit：多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”等
No dish suits all taste.
match：指“大小、色调、形状、性质等”相配或相称
A red jacket doesn’t match green trousers.
adopt sb：收养
sth：采用
15.
devote oneself/time/life to
look forward to doing sth
be/get used to
stick to/get down to/object to
16.
free of charge
for free
be free from
set sb/sth free
17.
by force：靠武力，强行
be in force：生效
come/go into force：生效
force one’s way：强行前进或进入
18.
It’s one’s turn to do sth：轮到某人干某事
take one’s turn：依次，轮到某人
in turn：依次，轮流，反过来，转而
by turns：轮流，交替
take turns (at) doing sth/to do sth：轮流干某事
2009年高考英语知识串讲
第1讲
一、Language Points
1.
share
v. 分享、合用：share sth with sb
n. 一份，股份
spare
a. 业余的，备用的：spare time, a spare tire
v. 抽出，匀给：spare me five minutes/
spare one of sandwiches for the boy
spare no efforts：不遗余力
spare no expense：不惜工本
save
v. 节省，救出
2.
He felt lucky to have survived the war.
3.
with sb about/over sth：和某人就某事争论
argue
for/against sth：赞成/反对…
Sb into/out of (doing) sth：说服某人做/不做某事
4.
have/make/let/see/watch/listen to
+宾+宾补(do/doing/done)
get sb to do sth
have+宾+宾补(to do/to be done)
5.
So+同一主语+助动词
So/neither/nor+助动词+另一主语
So it is/was with+另一主语
6.
should/ought to/need/could/might/would+do/have done
7.
except/but/except for/except that/except wh-clause
besides/in addition
apart from
but for=without
8.
The first time+从句
For the first time：作时间状语
It’s the first time+that-clause(完成时)
the first+名词+to do
9.
most
most of the +n.(pl)/pron.
the majority of (the)
mostly: 主要地（状）
10.
be equal to sth：与…相等
be equal to (doing) sth：胜任(做)某事
equal sth：与…相等
equal sb in sth：在…方面与某人匹敌
11.
compare…to/with…
compared to/with…
12.
a great many
several/two dozen/hundred +n.(pl.)
(many) dozens of
a great many of
+the/these/those+n.(pl.)
seveal/two dozen of +pron.
13.
much too+adj/adv(原级)
too much+n.(u.)
too many+n.(pl.)
14.
没有被动态
come about(主要用于疑问句、否定句)
happen(表示偶然、碰巧之意)
sth+ take place(多表示有组织、有计划)
break out(指战争、灾害、疾病等的爆发)
occur(与happen通用)
It occurs to sb that/to do…：某人突然想起…
15.
n./pron./adj./adv./prep-phrase
to do：表将来
With+宾+宾补 doing：表正在进行
Done：表过去
16. 强调句型的判断方法：如果将句子中的“it be”和“that”去掉，原句通顺则是强调句，否则就不是强调句。例：
It was in the street that I met an old friend yesterday.
《七彩n2009年甘肃省第一次高考诊断试卷
数学
考生注意：
本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分， 满分150分。考试时间120分钟 。
参考公式：
如果事件A、B互斥，那么
如果事件A、B相互独立，那么
如果事件A在一次试验中发生的概率是
，那么它在
次独立重复试验中，恰好发生
次的概率为
球的表面积公式：
，其中
是球的半径。
球的体积公式：
，其中是球的半径。
第I卷（选择题，共60分）
广州市普通高中2009年高中毕业班综合测试（一）
政 治 试 题
本试卷共41小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号，用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的市、县／区、学校，以及自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．作答选做题时，请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题的题号对应的信息点，再作答。漏 涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效。
5．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
本资料来源于《七彩教育网》http://www.7caiedu.cn
鄂南高中 黄冈中学 黄石二中 华师一附中孝感高中 襄樊五中 荆州中学 襄樊四中 2009届高三第二次联考
文科综合试题
命题人：华师一附中 龙泉 陶涛 王铁松 审题人：襄樊四中 加春秋 肖利军 邴光群
考试时间：
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷两部分。第Ⅰ卷1至6页，第Ⅱ卷7至10页，共300分。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共140分）
本卷共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。
图1为我国某自然保护区植被分布图，完成1―3题。
1．该自然保护区的面积大约是（ ）
A．176
B．
C．568
D．1136
2．该自然保护区可能是（ ）
A．吉林省东部 B．福建省西北部 C．云南省南部 D．内蒙古东部
3．如果要在图中A、B两地之间修建一条公路，图中四个方案最合理的是（ ）
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
图2是我国四个城市下半年日出日落时间（北京时间）变化图，读图完成4―6题。
4．4月15日这一天，最先看到日出的是（ ）
A．①城市 B．②城市 C．③城市 D．④城市
5．②城市的纬度最接近（ ）
A．20°N B．30°N C．40°N D．50°N
6．①城市位于③城市的（ ）
A．东北面 B．西北面 C．西南面 D．东南面
表1为世界四个国家能源消费及二氧化碳排放情况，读表完成7―8题。
能源消费总量
（亿吨标准油）
单位GDP能耗（标准油吨/万美元）
单位GDP二氧化碳排放量（千克/美元）
人均二氧化碳排放量（吨）
①
16.0935
8.33
0.6
3.2
②
5.3320
1.16
0.4
9.6
③
2.7517
1.34
0.2
6.2
④
6.4153
10.84
1.2
10.3
表1
7．表中数据表明（ ）
A．单位GDP二氧化碳排放量与能源消费构成有关
B．能源消费越多，单位GDP能耗越多
C．人口越多，人均二氧化碳排放量越少
D．单位GDP能耗越多，单位GDP二氧化碳排放量越多
8．①―④所代表的国家依次是（ ）
A．俄罗斯、法国、日本、中国 B．中国、日本、法国、俄罗斯
C．日本、中国、法国、俄罗斯 D．中国、法国、日本、俄罗斯
图3为北京行政区划图（习惯上把东城、西城、宣武、崇文四个区称为中心城区，石景山、丰台、海淀、朝阳四个区被称为近郊区；周边其他地区称为远郊区），表2为北京市1990和2000年各区常住人口统计表，读图表完成9―11题。
表2 北京市常住人口统计表（万人）
地区
1990年
2000年
海淀区
144.2
224.0
石景山区
30.9
48.9
丰台区
78.9
136.9
西城区
75.6
70.7
宣武区
55.7
52.6
东城区
60.6
53.6
崇文区
41.8
34.6
朝阳区
144.8
229.0
9．1990年人口密度最大的两个地区是（ ）
A．海淀区 朝阳区 B．丰台区 西城区
C．宣武区 崇文区 D．东城区 石景山区
10．从1990年到2000年十年间，下列关于北京市人口的变化特点描述正确的是（ ）
①各区的人口都有明显的增加 ②人口重心明显向市区南部移动 ③中心城区人口有下降的趋势 ④ 人口进一步向中心城区集中 ⑤北京市出现明显的郊区城市化现象
A．①④ B．②③⑤ C．①②④ D．③⑤
11．北京市人口分布的变化可能对城市发展产生的影响是（ ）
A．中心城区的交通拥挤现象缓解 B．近郊区的人均居住面积减少
C．中心城区与郊区之间的交通更加拥挤 D．人口老龄化加重
12．元旦指正月初一，但传统节日因社会变革而发生变迁，后来元旦成了独立的节日，原因是（ ）
A．中华民国改用公历
B．新中国要破除旧俗
C．从香港殖民地引入
D．新文化运动尚科学
13．有学者说，春秋战国时期，
尤其是战国时期，既是血腥、
残酷的时代，也是宽容的时
代，“宽容”具体指（ ）
A．诸子百家争鸣
B．商人地位提高
C．私田大理开垦
D．诸侯重视教育
14．图4为秦朝疆域图，从图中郡
的设置可以得出的结论（ ）
A．中央集权制度完善 B．经济重心仍在北方
C．交通网络比较完备 D．西南地区尚未开发
15．南朝陶弘景所著《真灵位业图》中，诸神就坐，依地位高上排列，秩序井井有条。表明南北朝时期的道教（ ）
A．从民间走向统治地位 B．宗教教义已经很完整
C．吸引了封建等级观念 D．从佛教体系吸收养分
16．司马光评价武则天“挟刑赏之柄驾御天下，政由已出，明察善断，故当时英贤亦竟为之用。”属于“当时英贤”的人物是（ ）
A．杜如晦 B．李勋 C．姚崇 Ｄ．李元昊
17．史学界普遍认为，宋朝是中国历史的一个重要转折时期，反映在政治上是官僚政治取代了贵族政治，其主要表现是（ ）
A．文官制度完善 B．行政权的集中 C．科举制的发展 D．士族政治终结
18．近代中国一本著作曾经在日本引起高度关注，有人高度评价道：“本书译于幕末海警告急之时，最为有用之举，基于世界地理盲无所知的幕末人士，此功实不可没也。”该书是（ ）
A．《康?纪行》 B．《海国图志》 C．《资政新篇》 D．《变法通议》
19．1932年“一?二八事变”后，中共临时中央发表告上海民众书，宣称：“国民党任何时候、任何地方、任何派别、任何军阀，都是帝国主义的奴隶，南京政府、广东政府、马占山、蔡廷锴，都是一样的东西。”说明（ ）
A．日本侵华促使国民党分裂 B．中共提出反蒋抗日的主张
C．国共矛盾依然是主要矛盾 D．“左”倾错误占党内统治地位
20．“英国属于欧洲，北美属于它本身”这句名言出自托马斯?潘恩发表于1776年的《常识》，华盛顿承认这本书在“很多人心里，包括他自己在内，引起了种巨大的变化”。这里所指的“变化”是（ ）
A．武装革命 B．民族独立 C．孤立外交 D．经济抗争
21．克罗齐在《19世纪欧洲史》中写道“法国被视为一个充满极端事件并且无能力过秩序井然自由生活的国家，法国建立并巩固其共和国，它在军事失败中诞生，…”文中的“军事失败”指（ ）
A．普法战争 B．瓦尔密战役 C．凡尔登之战 D．滑铁卢之战
22．梁启超在《欧游心影录》中写道：“虽然侥幸没有小产了去，却成了先天很虚弱的一个孩子，连他的产婆（威迩逊）也弄得焦头烂额，把许多人对于他前途的热望，倒灰冷了一半。就此看来，…这件东西，还未到真正瓜熟蒂落的时候。”梁所指的产生于巴黎和会后的“这个东西”是（ ）
A．国际联盟 B．对德和约 C．《四国条约》 Ｄ．美国霸权
23．二战以后，西方发达国家中各类“白领”的人数不断增长。据统计，1950―1970年，在美国，制造业中的中级经理人员增长23%，同时，服务业的经理人员和中央与地方政权机关的中级官员几乎增长了2.2倍。从中不能得出的认识是（ ）
A．科技进步推动社会结构变化 B．经济发展促使管理科学发展
C．二战后第三产业发展很迅速 D．高福利政策使贫富悬殊缓解
24．图5某地区改革开放30年来三大产业结构的变化示意图，该图表明，该地区改革开放30年来（ ）
①农业越来越落后，基础地位不牢 ②经济发展水平大幅提高 ③产业结构趋向优化合理 ④居民富裕程度明显提高
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④
26．图6表明该地区（ ）
A．城市人均收入高于农村
B．城市人均消费水平高于农村
C．统筹区域发展事关大局
D．统筹城乡发展刻不容缓
27．2008年10月至2009年3月，由于
受国际金融危机的影响，M国流通
领域中货币流通次数减少了50%，
政府加大宏观调控力度，使流通领
域货币量增加了20%。在其它因素
不变的情况下，金融危机前售价10元的商品，在2008年10月至2009年3月期间的售价应该是（ ）
A．5元 B．6元 C．8元 D．10元
28．面对金融危机，一位网友在网上发表言论说：“市场常常是变化莫测的，想把握住市场的变化那是徒劳的。”以下对这一观点分析正确的是（ ）
①认为思维与存在没有同一性 ②属于不可知论
③体现了物质决定意识 ④是形而上学观点
A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．①④
29．北京奥运会开幕的夜晚，全球几十亿电视观众聆听了三千儒生吟诵中国先哲孔子的名句――“四海之内，皆兄弟也”，“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”；与此同时，三种字体的巨大汉字“和”依次呈现。这一情景体现的我国外交政策的具体内容是（ ）
①外交政策的基本立场 ②外交政策的基本目标
③外交政策的基本准则 ④外交政策的基本立足点
A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．③④
30．“和谐世界”新理念是新一代中央领导集体对新时期我国外交政策目标的新概括。这一理念继承了新中国外交的传统，并结合国际形势与我国国际地位和影响的变化，进行了重大理论创新。这表明（ ）
①事物是普遍联系和变化发展的 ②社会意识对社会存在有能动的反作用
③科学理论对实践具有指导作用 ④主观与客观能够做到具体的历史的统一
A．①② B．③④ C．②④ D．①④
31．图7漫画是想告诉人们（ ）
①内因是事物变化发展的根据，外因必须
通过内因才能起作用②任何知识都来源于
实践，靠灌输是不可能获得知识的 ③只
要目的和愿望是好的，什么办法都能成功
④要抓住时机，促成事物质的飞跃
A．① B．①②
C．②③④ D．①②④
32．某著名心理学家说：“我+我们=完全的我。”
从世界观意义上看，心理学家的说法蕴涵
的哲理是（ ）
①部分离不开整体，部分在整体中才有意义 ②应该坚持集体主义，反对个人主义
③人生价值是自我价值与社会价值的统一 ④应该从整体着眼顾全大局
A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．①④
33．四川汶川大地震发生后，全国有4550多万名党员自愿交纳抗震救灾“特别党费”97.3亿元，支援地震灾区重建家园。中国共产党党员自愿缴纳特殊党费体现了（ ）
①中国共产党是具有全民性质的党 ②中国共产党在我国的执政地位
③中国共产党的先进性与群众性的统一 ④中国共产党的宗旨
A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．②④
34．汶川地震发生后，中国人民在抗震救灾中爆发出的巨大力量赢得了世界赞誉。海外媒体发表评论说，一个领导人在两小时内就飞赴灾区的国家，―个能够出动十多万救援人员的国家，一个企业和私人捐款达到数百亿的国家，―个因争相献血而排长队的国家，永远不会被打垮。这表明（ ）
①提高国际影响力是发展综合国力的关键 ②民族凝聚力是衡量综合国力的标志之一
③动员和组织能力是综合国力的重要内容 ④物质力和精神力都是综合国力的组成部分
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
35．2009年1月20日，奥巴马在华盛顿国会山宣誓就任美国第44任总统。作为美国总统的奥巴马是当今美国（ ）
①拥有至高无上权力的帝王 ②最高行政机关的首脑
③武装部队的最高统帅 ④人权运动的最高领袖
A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．②④
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共160分)
36．(36分)图8为我国某区域等温线图，表3为乙地区气候资料图，完成下列要求。
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表3 乙地气候资料
年降水量
（mm）
415.5
降水
季节
分配
（%）
春
12.0
夏
69.6
秋
16.6
冬
1.8
蒸发量
（mm）
408.2
(1) 简述该区域的自然地理特征。(10分)
(2) 甲地与乙地纬度仅相差2度，但气温差异却很大，试分析甲地冬季气温低的原因。(8分)
(3) 简要说明图示地区东部农业发展的主要区位优势。(10分)
(4) 指出乙地周边地区农业发展面临的主要问题。(8分)
37．阅读以下材料
材料一：
年代
人口（亿）
耕地（亿亩）
人均耕地（亩/人）
1650
1.00―1.50
6.00
6.00―4.00
1750
2.00―2.50
9.00
4.50―3.60
1850
4.10
12.10
2.95
表4 17世纪中叶到19世纪中叶中国
材料二：1780年到1845年的爱尔
兰，一方面是人口的大量增长，另一方
面是工业化的缺失。这种情况同样出现
在欧洲其他地方。人们的生活极大地依
赖马铃薯。以普鲁士为例，从1815年
到1860年，马铃薯年产量从100万吨
增加到1100万吨。1850年的时候，工
人和农民几乎完全靠马铃薯维持生存，
面包在有些地区成为了奢侈品。
材料三：1793年学者洪亮吉《治
平篇》“曰：天地有法乎?曰：水旱、疾
疫，即天地调剂之法也。然民之遭水旱、
疾疫而不辛者，不过十之一二矣。曰：君相有法乎?曰：使野无闲田，民无剩力；疆土之新辟者，移种民以居之；赋税之繁重者，酌今昔而减之；禁其浮靡，抑其兼并；遇有水旱、疾疫，则开仓廪、悉府库以赈之。如是而已。是亦君相调剂之法也。…一人之居以供十人已不足，何况供百人乎?一人之食以供十人已不足，何况供百人乎?此吾所以为治平之民虑也。”
1798年英国经济学家马尔萨斯发表《人口论)，认为人口增长的速度超过生活资料增长的速度，减少人口使之与生活资料相适应的决定性因素是贫因、饥馑、瘟疫、繁重劳动和战争，主张采取各种措施限制人口的繁殖。
材料四：计划生育宣传画
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回答：
广州市普通高中2009年高中毕业班综合测试（一）
语 文 试 题
本试卷共10页，24小题，满分为150分。考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必用 2B 铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的市、县／区、学校，以及自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔将试卷类型（ A ）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．作答选做题时，请先用 2B 铅笔填涂选做题的题号对应的信息点，再作答。漏涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效。
5．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后。将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
2009年甘肃省第一次高考诊断试卷
英 语
考生注意：
本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。共150分。考试时间120分钟。
注意：请将第I卷所选各题答案的序号填入卷后的答题卡内。
第I卷(两部分，共95分)
第一部分：英语知识运用(共三节，满分50分)
第一节语音知识(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并填写在试卷答题卡上。
例：have A．gave B．save C．hat D．made
答案是C。
1．watched A．filled B．recognized C．whispered D．practised
2．town A．bowl B．shown C．brown D．blown
3．finger A．1anguage B．arrange C．danger D．autumn
4．industry A．valuable B．suggest C．future D．dusty
5. ancient A．accident B．enjoyable C．celebration D．vegetable
第二节语法和词汇知识(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并填写在试卷答题卡上。
例：We last night，but we went to the concert instead．
A．must have studied B．might study C．should have studied D．would study
答案是C。
6．It is reported that a car went out of control on a high way north of Lanzhou and three people got killed．
A．the；the B．不填；the C．the；不填 D。不填；不填
7．David is no longer the lazy boy he used to be．
A。who B．which C．what D．that
8．一“Do you mind if I keep pets in this building?’’
一“ “
A．Of course not．It’s not allowed here B．Yes! I love pets
C．No，you can’t D．I’d rather you didn’t．actually
9．To our great ，Geoffrey’s illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared．
A．anxiety B．relief C．view D．judgment
10．The film， for children actually，is warmly received by both children and adults as
well．
A．intended B．admitted C．promised D．permitted
11．一Have you got the help needed in the earthquake－struck area?
一Well，many people and organizations have offered their help。but it was not nearly
A．as much as half B．half so much as
C．half as much D．as half as much
12．An idea came to her in a flash she might do the experiment in another way．
A．when B．which C．while D．that
13．The woman carrying a baby over there，come in first， ?
A．will you B．don’t you C．should she D．doesn’t she
14 An increasing number of people are paying different bills the Internet，which brings
them a lot of convenience．
A．with B．in C．on D．for
15 The careless driver is for the traffic accident that yesterday．
A．to blame；happened B．to blame；was happening．
C．to be blamed；was happened D．to be blamed；happened
16 －Excuse me，but have you sold out all the tickets for the concert on Friday evening?
一Yes，completely． is left．
A．No one B．None C．Nothing D．Neither
17．一What does the sign over there read?
一“No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area．”
A．will B．shall C．may D．must
18．This is the second time I have been――by that person；I shall never trust him again．
A．referred to B．set down C．attended to D．1et down
19． the television or open a magazine and you will often see advertisements showing happy families．
A．Turning on B．To turn on C．Turn on D．Turned on
20．一Can I come to see you at 8 this evening?
一Sorry，I the film with my parents then．
A．will be watching B．will watch C．am seeing D．shall see
第三节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将其序号填写在试卷答题卡上。
The winter skies are grey and it’s cold outside．The nights come early and we spend a lot more time 21 and alone．Many people 22 winter：so cold，so dark，and so boring．But I like winter because I have more time to read．
For many students reading
means school；it means 23
．Reading is
something their teacher assigns and it’s something they’re 24 ．Reading is something they have to do，not something they want to do．But for me and many other people，reading is the most 25
thing we can imagine．Getting lost in a good book can
All of those books are studied in North American high schools．They are interesting and well written books that 28 young people． 29 ，even there，many high school students don’t enjoy reading the books because they are 30 their school work：“Oh，my God!Two hundred pages! I’ll never be able to read 31 much．”But sometimes a funny thing happens．They begin to read and they begin to follow the 32 ．Suddenly，the world inside the book becomes more exciting and more wonderful than the world they 33 ．At the moment the thought 34 reading is work disappears and reading becomes 35 ． ，
Reading anything is 36 but reading good books is a terrific way to improve your English． Good writers write English very well and 37 you with good examples to follow．And good books will tell you more about English 38 ：what people think，how they talk，and how they communicate with each other．But don’t let me 39 it by telling you that reading is good for you．Just think of it as a good way to 40 on a cold winter evening．
21．A．indoors B．inside C．outdoors D．outside
22．A．1ike B．prefer C．hate D．love
23．A．job B．worry C．try D．work
24．A．tested B．tested on C．examined D．examined by
25 . A. enjoyable B, reasonable C, comfortable D considerale
26. A. want B, cause C. make D, force
27．A．contest B．challenge C．competition D．match
28. A. interesting B, challenge C. competition D, match
29．A．Fortunately B．Luckily C．Unfortunately D．Accidentally
30. A, free from B, part of C, in place D. far from
31. A,not B, very C, this D, that
32. A . story B, subject C, topic D, theme
33.A, leave for B, care about C. flee from D, live in
34.A. what B, that C this D. which
35.A, a comfort B. a failure C, a success D, wonderfully
36.A. bad B. uselessly C. great D, wonderfully
37. A, provide B, offer C, give D, award
38. A, custom B. language C. culture D, art
39. A, persuade B, spoil C. make D, develop
40. A. keep warm B, stand still C stay calm D, stay cool
第二部分：阅读理解(共25小题；第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分)
第一节阅读下列短文，从每题后的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并填在试卷答题卡上。
A
The Internet has become part of teenagers’life
A new report on
3,375 students aged from 10 to
While most of them get useful information and use the Internet to help in their studies, some are not suing it in a good way , Many are playing online games too much, A few even visit web sites they should not look at．A middle school teacher from Beijing warns that bad things can good at school．But then he started visiting sex web sites．He went mad．cheated a girl and was taken away by the police.
in order to help young people use the Intemet in a good way．a textbook on good Internet behavior has started to be used in some Shanghai middle schools this term. The book uses real examples to teach students all about good ways of using the Inernet . The book gives useful advice such as it’s good to read news or find helpful information to study.
Some students also make online friends．But if you are meeting a friend offline，make sure your parents know．Teachers and parents all think the book is a very good idea．This teacher said the book will be a guide for teens using the Internet．She believes it will keep students away from bad sites．“Many students are using the Internet without guidance from their parents．”she said．“The book will teach students how to be a good person in the online world．”
41．The third paragraph mainly tells us that ．
A．some students are not using the Internet correctly
B．all students in Beijing use the Internet to help their school work
C．a teacher in Beijing is worried about her students
D．some students visit sex web sites
42．The textbook used in some schools in Shanghai mainly tells the students
A．why we should use the Internet B．not to visit sex web sites
C．how to use the Internet correctly D．how to get help from others
43．The writer of the passage advises the readers ．
A．never to make friends on line
B．to let their parents know before visiting their online friends
C．to read the textbook carefully when they are online
D．only to read news on the Internet
44．From this passage we know that ．
A．more and more students have given up visiting bad web sites
B．1ess and less useful information can be found on line nowadays
C．more and more homework will be given online in some schools in Shanghai
D．schools and teachers begin to pay attention to students’use of the Internet
B
“In real life，the daily struggles between parents and children are about these small problems of an extra hour of sleep or an extra hour of TV show，and so on”said Avi Sadeh，psychology(心理学)professor at Tel Aviv University．Sadeh and his colleagues found an extra hour of sleep can make a big difference．The children who slept longer，although they woke up more frequently during the night，scored higher on tests，Sadeh reported in the March／April issue of journal Child Development．
“Some studies suggested that lack of sleep as a child affects development into adulthood and it is more likely to develop their attention disorder when they grow older．”Sadeh said．
In earlier studies，Sadeh’s team found that fourth graders slept an average of 8．2 hours and sixth graders slept an average of 7．7 hours．
“Previous research has shown children in elementary school need at least nine hours of sleep a night on a regular basis，”said Carl Hunt，director of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research in Bethesda，“and high―school―age children need somewhat less，”he said，adding that the results of insufficient(不足)sleep could be serious．
“This is an important further discovery of what we already know，’’Hunt said about Sadeh’s research，adding that sleep is as important as nutrition and exercise to good health．
“To put it into reality，”Hunt said，“parents should make sure they know when their children actually are going to sleep and their rooms are conducive to sleeping instead of to playing．’’
45．What is Child Development?
A．A news story． B．A popular book． C．A periodical magazine．D．A TV programme．
46．How many persons are exactly mentioned in the text?
A．One． B．Two． C．Three． D．Four．
47．The underlined phrase“conducive to”(in the last sentence)means ．
A．helping sth．to happen B．influenced by
C．full of D．acceptable of
48．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．There are daily struggles between parents and children because of different ideas about sleep time．
B．The children who sleep longer are weak in their study．
C．Lack of sleep as a child has great effect on their development into adulthood．
D．In general，children in elementary school need at least nine hours of sleep a night．
C
The first and best of victories for a man is to conquer himself．“To be conquered by himself
is，of all things，the most shameful，”says Plato．Serf―control is at the root of all the advantages．Let a man give in to his impulses(冲动)and feelings，and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom．
A single angry word has lost many friends．When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger，he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself．If you are conscious of being angry，keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger．Many a person has dropped dead in great anger．Fits of anger bring fits of disease．“Whoever the gods would destroy，they first make him mad．”“Keep cool，”says Webster，“anger is not argument．”“Be calm in arguing，”says George Herbert，“for fierceness(暴怒)makes error a fault．”
To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself．“Anger．”says Pythagoras，“begins with folly(愚蠢)and ends with regret．”You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers，not by the power of those which conquer him．
Self―control is man’s last and greatest victory．
If a man lacks self―control，he seems to lack everything．Without it he can have no patience，no power to govern himself；he can have no self―confidence，for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling．If he lacks self-control，the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also．
49．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The importance of self―control．
B．How to conquer oneself ?
C．The relation between a man’s moral freedom and his feelings．
D．A man should keep cool．
50．What does the underlined word“it”(in the last paragraph)really refer to?
A．Self－confidence of a man．
B．Self－control of a man．
C．Great victory for a man．
D．The power that conquers a man．
51．Which of the following is NOT true，according to the passage?
A．The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself．
B．You will make a small mistake serious if you don’t keep cool．
C．You must measure a man’s strength by the power of the feelings which conquer him．
D．Anger begins with folly and ends with regret．
52．Which of the following can’t help you avoid anger，according to the passage?
A．Stay calm in arguing．
B．Check your temper or anger by speaking low．
C．Keep your mouth shut．
D．Try to make the other angry first．
D
Visit the skywalk at Grand Canyon West today !
For Booking call：1―866―944―7236
Package Fee：$289 Per Adult；$274 Per Child
All Fee’s Included. No Hidden Cost.
Experience the newly opened Grand Canyon(大峡谷)West Skywalk in Colorado．Starting from Grand Canyon’s South Rim by Airplane to Grand Canyon’S West Rim，you will land and take a ground tour to the Skywalk ! Walk on air for 70 feet over the edge of Grand Canyon West．
This Skywalk has been open since March 28，2007．Daily visitorship to the Skywalk has been over 4，000 people．Please be patient to enjoy your moment on the Skywalk．
After you have experienced the one and only Grand Canyon Skywalk Glass Bridge，you will return to the Grand Canyon West Airport and take your Airplane for a flight back to the South Rim of the Canyon. This is a tou r never to be forgotten as you will have walked on air over the Grand Canyon.
Tour Itinerary(形成)
Tour Duration
5.7Hours
The Frand Canyon Adcenture Skywalk
Flight from Grand Canyon South Rim to Grand Canyon West
1Hour
Experience a bird’s ?eye view of the Grand Canyon as you make your way to Grand Cnayon West.
Light Lunch at Guano Point at Grand Canyon West
2Hours
You’ll be taken by bus to Guano Point with breathtaking views fo the western aprt of the Grand Canyon where the Colorado River makes its way into Lake Mood, Every table for lunch has a view.
Walk on the World Famous Skywalk
1.5Hours
Finally you’ll board your bus to Eagle Point ,home of the Grand Canyon Skywalk. Now it is time for you to walk on air for 70 feet over the Grand Canyon
Flight Back to GrandCanyon South Rim
1.2Hours
After time on the Skywalk . you’ll retun to the Garnd Canyon West Airport and return to Grand Canyon south Rim in time for dinner and sunset.
53.This advertisement is for
A. Grand Canyon West B. Grand Canyon South
C . Grand Canyon D. the Skywalk
54.The package fee does NOT cover the cost of
55. If you take this day tour with your wife and three children, you
will have to pay
A. $1445
B $
56.According to the Tour Itinerary, the route is
A , South Rim →Guano Point →West Airport→ Eagle Point →West Airport→ South Rim
B South Rim →West Airport →Guano Point →Eagle Point →West Airport→ South Rim
C South Rim →West Airport →Eagle Point →Guano Point →West Airport→ South Rim
D South Rim →West Airport →Eagle Point →West Airport→Guano Point →South Rim
E
Herose of Our Time
A good heart
Dikembe Mutombo grew up in Africa among great poverty and disease．He came to Geqrgetown University on a scholarship to study medicine―but Coach John Thompson got a look at Dikembe and had a different idea．Dikembe became a star in the NBA．and a citizen of the United States．But he never forgot the land of his birth，or the duty to share his fortune with others．He built a new hospital in his old hometown in the Congo．A friend has said of this good―hearted man．“Dikembe believes that God has given him this chance to do great things．’’
Success and kindness
After her daughter was born．，Julie Aigner―Clark searched for ways to share her love of music and art with her child．So she borrowed some equipment，and began filming children’s videos in her own house．The Baby Einstein Company was born，and in just five years her business grew to more than $20 million in sales．And she is using her success to help others―producing child safety videos with John Walsh of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children．Julie says of her new program．“I believe it’s the most important thing that I have ever done．I believe that children have the fight to live in a world that is safe．’’
Bravery and courage
A few weeks ago，Wesley Autrey was waiting at a Harlem subway station with his two little girls when he saw a man fall into the path of a train．With seconds to act，Wesley jumped onto the tracks，pulled the man into the space between the rails(铁轨)，and held him as the train passed fight above their heads．He insists he’s not a hero．He says，“We have got to show each other
some love．’’
57． helped Mutombo to get on his way to becoming a star in the NBA．
A．His dream to study medicine B．His parents in Africa
C．His willingness to help the needy D．Coach John Thompson
58．Mutombo believes that building the new hospital is ．
A．something he should do for his homeland B．helpful to his personal development
C．a chance for his friends to share his money D．a way of showing his respect for the NBA
59．What did the Baby Einstein Company do at its beginning?
A．Produce safety equipment for children． B．Make videos to help protect children．
C．Sell children’s music and artwork． D．Look for missing and exploited children．
60．Why was Wesley Autrey praised as a hero?
A．He helped a man get across the rails．
B．He stopped a man from destroying the rails．
C．He protected two little girls from getting hurt．
D．He saved a person without considering his own safety．
第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，并填写在试卷答题卡上。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(P=policeman；W=witness)
P：You have seen the whole thing，haven’t you?
W：Yes． 61
P：How did the lady get run over?
W：She was crossing the street when a car dashed at her．It was too late when she realized that．
P： 62
W：Red for sure．So the lady didn’t pay attention to the car coming towards her at a11． 63
P：Could you describe what the driver was like?
w：Sorry．64 But I noticed the car plate．The first letter seemed to be“G”．
P：Thank you． 65 Is it OK that we would ask you again for proof or something else when
needed?
W：No problem．My name is Jim Bells．My number is 785416363．。
P：Thanks again．Bye!
W：Bye!
A．You’ve helped greatly．
B．The lady should have noticed the coming car．
C．It happened all of a sudden．
D．1 was just several feet away when the accident happened．
E．Was the light green or red?
F．Are you sure about what you have said?
G．The driver should have stopped his car or at least have warned the lady by whistling(鸣笛)．
2009年甘肃省第一次高考诊断考试英语答题卡
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
题号
11
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
答案
题号
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
答案
题号
61
62
63
64
65
答案
第Ⅱ卷
考生注意：1．请用钢笔或圆珠笔直接答在试卷上。
2．答卷前请将密封线内的项目填写清楚。
第三部分：写作(共三节，满分55分)
第一节单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分lO分)
根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或单词的首字母，在句子右边的横线上写出空缺处各单词
的正确形式。(每空只写一词)
66．Yesterday afternoon Frank was telling me about his (经历)
as a young man． 66
67． (希望)，we'11 have a good harvest next year． 67
68．It’s (非法)to read other people’s private letters without
permission． 68
69．who should be (负责)for the accident? 69
70．When he found a boy (挣扎)in the river，he jumped into
the river and managed to carry the boy to safety． 70
71．This great invention is sure to b the whole world． 71
72．C with the size of the whole earth，the biggest ocean does not seem
big at a11． 72
73．We all know that W comes after Tuesday． 73
74．When he was young，he P football to basketball． 74
75．That is an a country．Over seventy percent of the people
there work on farms． 75．
第二节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：
该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
该行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
Dogs are one kind of the pet animals，most of them are liked 76．
bv people．They are very useful．When you are in troubles， 77
it can help you．For example，in the North Pole，when you 78
want to go out to do something，you must take a sledge pulling 79
bv dogs．They would help you to do the things you want , 80．
I haye a little dogs at home．It’s very lovely and it’s only 81
about four month I love it very much．When I get home， 82
it will sway the tail and walk up to me．When it feels hunger， 83．
it will bark loudly．Now it’S very fat．I like dogs， 84．
because they are too useful and lovely． 85．
第三节 书面表达(满分30分)
假如你是李华，是阳光中学学生会主席。根据双方约定，你们打算今年夏天去伦敦
Ealing School进行四个星期的学习及旅游。请根据下面的表格内容写信给伦敦Ealing School，介绍你们的基本情况及活动内容，请他们帮助作好安排。
参加活动人数
共30人，男生18人，女生10人，另有2名女教师
活动内容
上午上英语课，下午旅游或进行一些体育活动，晚上自由活动。星期六、星期天去参观其它城市
住宿
为了提高口语，最好住在当地英国人家里
要求
尽快把正式邀请函寄来，以便办理所有手续。
注意：1．必须包括主要内容，可以适当增减细节，使内容连贯、完整；
2．词数：120词左右；
3．参考词汇：办理手续go through all the procedures；
4．信的开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数内。
March 22，2008
Dear sir，
I’in Li Hua，chairman of the Students’Union of Sunlight Middle Sch001．According to the
agreement，
Best wishes!
Yours Sincerely
Li Hua