第5讲
一、Language points
1.
sth：与…一致/符合
sb：同意某人
with one’s
idea/opinion 同意某人的意见
what sb said (观点，所说的话)
to on’s plan/arrangement/suggestion
agree 同意某人的计划、安排、意见
about/on/upon sth同意做某事
to do sth
that-clause
2.
of/about sth 提醒
remind sb to do sth
that-clause 使人回忆起…
3.
add…to…：把…加上(在)…
add to=increase：增添，增进
add up (to)：加(起来是)，总计达…
4.
success n.(U)成功，(C)成功者/事
succeed v. successful a. successfully ad.
be successful in (doing)
sth
succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
have success in doing sth
Sb/sth is a success.
5.
be/stay/keep+in touch with 表状态
be out of touch with
get in touch with 表动作
lose touch with
6.
in case of+短语
in case+从句
in no case决不
in any case无论如何
in that case如果那样
5.
expensive/cheap
valuable/valueless
priceless=very expensive：无价的
6.
respond (vi)+ to…：对…回应
with/by：以…(方式)回答，响应
resonse (n.)
7.
be harmful to sb/sth
do sb/sth harm
do harm to sb/sth
do sb/sth good
do good to sb/sth
8.
die out：(家族、物种等)死光，灭绝；
(习俗、做法、观念)消失，过时；(火)熄灭
die away：(风、声音、光线等)逐渐停止(消失)
die down：(指炉火等)渐熄；(指骚动等)渐平息；(指闹声)消失
die off：先后死去了；…死去
die of：死于内因(如疾病、年老、饥饿、情感等)
die from：死于外因(如损伤、事故、天灾等)
11.
as a/the result of：由于…
as a result：结果，因此
result from：因…而引起
result in=cause：导致，致使…
12.
take measures to do sth：采取措施
make clothes to one’s own measure：量体裁衣
13.
late：晚，迟，不久前
lately=recently：近来
last：最后，最后的
latest：最近的，最新的
later：后来；结构常为：一段时间＋later：过了…之后
14.
adapt to sth/sb：适应某物/某人
adapt sth/sb to sth/sb：使某物/某人适应某物/某人
adapt oneself to：使自己适应某事
adapt from：根据…改写/改编
adapt：指修改或改变以适应新条件
You should adapt yourself t the new environment.
adjust：是指“调整、调节”使之适应
You can’t see through the telescope until it is adjusted to
your eyes
fit：多指“大小适合”，引申为“吻合”
The shoes fitted me well.
suit：多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”等
No dish suits all taste.
match：指“大小、色调、形状、性质等”相配或相称
A red jacket doesn’t match green trousers.
adopt sb：收养
sth：采用
15.
devote oneself/time/life to
look forward to doing sth
be/get used to
stick to/get down to/object to
16.
free of charge
for free
be free from
set sb/sth free
17.
by force：靠武力，强行
be in force：生效
come/go into force：生效
force one’s way：强行前进或进入
18.
It’s one’s turn to do sth：轮到某人干某事
take one’s turn：依次，轮到某人
in turn：依次，轮流，反过来，转而
by turns：轮流，交替
take turns (at) doing sth/to do sth：轮流干某事
二、语法专题──介词的考点
1. 常用介词的意义区别
(1)表示时间
at+时间点：在…时刻，在…点钟，在…岁时
on+某天或某天的某个时间：在某日、星期几、某日早中晚等
in+时间段：在…期间，在…以后，在…时间内
by+时间：在…之前，不迟于…，常与完成时连用
(2)表示方位：in/on/to/off
(3)表示部位
on+ the
head/shoulder/back/nose：表示拍打较硬或凸形的部位
in+ the face/ear/stomach/eye:：表示拍打较软或凹形的部位
by+ the arm/hand/nose: 表示牵、拉、抓某部位
(4)表示之间：between/among
(5)表示方式
by：乘…(交通工具)，通过…(方法)，常接无冠词名词或动名词
with：以…工具/手段，用身体某部位，常接带冠词的具体某工具
in：表示表达的方法、媒介、工具、材料等
through：通过…途径/方式/方法
(6)表示穿越
through：表示从物体里面穿过，还可表示沿着街道、河流走
across：表示从物体表面经过，还可表示横过街道、河流
over：表示从物体上方越过，还可表示挎在肩上
2. “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
3. with的复合结构
4. 含有介词的固定搭配
①有无冠词，意义不同
in front of/in the front of
in charge of/in the charge of
out of question/out of the question
at table/at the table
on earth/on the earth
②有无介词，意义不同
know sb.认识某人/know about sb.了解某人
shoot sb.击中某人/shoot at sb.向某人射击
search sb.搜身/search for sb.搜寻某人
believe sb.相信某人的话/believe in sb.信任某人的人格
benefit sb.使某人受益/benefit from sb.从某人那里得到益处
③不要画蛇添足
serve for the people为人民服务
enter into the room进入房间
follow behind me跟在我后面
at the moment… …就…
in this/that/last/next year今年/那年/去年/明年
in one/any/each/every/some/all year
一年/任何一年/每年/每年/某年/全年
marry with sb.与某人结婚
go to abroad出国
live in upstairs住在楼上
④不要张冠李戴
be caught in the rain被雨淋着（不用by）
leave for someplace动身去某地（不用to）
set an example to sb为某人树立榜样（不用for）
in the direction朝着…方向（不用to）
do a favor for sb帮某人一个忙（不用to）
different from和…不同（不用with）
with the help of在…的帮助下（不用under）
steal sth from sb偷某人的东西（不用of）
⑤别丢三落四
drop in on sb拜访某人（别丢了on）
drop in at someplace参观某地（别丢了at）
look down upon瞧不起（别丢了upon）
think of…as认为…是（别丢了of）
look on…as认为…是（别丢了on）
rxplain to sb sth向某人解释某事（别丢了to）
from behind the door从门后面（别丢了behind）
be worth listening to值得一听（别丢了to）
这类题型主要从句子的形式、句子的意义来考查对英语句子的把握和理解情况，具体表现在主谓一致、意义一致、人称一致、非谓语动词及介词的逻辑主语一致等方面。
三、题型归纳──逻辑型单项填空
1. Qiong Yao with her works____ very popular with us young people.
A. be B. are C. were D. become
2. What I like best, to tell you the truth, ____, in my opinion, the books my brother bought me as my birthday present last week.
A. are B. is C. have D. existed
3. The teacher told us that practice____ perfect.
A. make B. makes C. made D. making
4. Hurry up, if you____ there with us.
A. go B. will go C. would go D. could go
5. At the age of seven, ____.
A. his father died B. he lost his father
C. his dog followed him D. his parents divorced
6. ____, his mother saw him playing games with other children.
A. On his way home B. From his room
C. From her office D. Under his nose
7. She has long been expecting a chance to study abroad and at last she got____.
A. it B. that C. another D. one
8. If a student can make what has been learned____ whether in class or from social practice, he will make steady progress.
A. his own B. him C. himself D. his
9. He is one of the students who, I’m sure, always do____ best.
A. his B. their C. my D. one’s
10. Neither Rose nor Henry likes to attend the meeting, ____?
A. does she B. does he C. do they D. did you
11. ____ more attention, the tree may grow better.
A. Give B. Giving C. Given D. To give
12. Someone must have taken it away this morning, ____?
A. haven’t they B. hasn’t he C. don’t they D. didn’t he
13. ----What do you think worries him so much? ----____.
A. He didn’t pass the exam B. His father is seriously ill
C. Lost his bike D. What Jim said just now
14. Miss Wilson, whose parents are____
working in
A. either B. all C. both D. no
15. The teacher as well as a number of students____to attend the party yesterday.
A. were asked B. was asked C. were asking D. was asking
1-5 DABBB 6-10 CDDBC 11-15 CDDCB