【题目】Counterfeit(假的) medicines are a widespread problem in developing countries. Like other counterfeits, they look like real products. But counterfeit drugs may contain too little or none of the active ingredients of the real thing.

People do not get the medicine they need. And in some cases, counterfeits cause death. Twenty children in Bangladesh died last year after being given acetaminophen(对乙酰氨基酚).The medications contained ingredients that looked, smelled and tasted like the real thing. The medicine was produced by a local drug company that used a dangerous substitute to save money.

The problem of counterfeit medicines is especially serious in Africa, Asia and Latin America. The WHO estimates that up to thirty percent of medicines on sale in many of those countries are counterfeit. The problem is less widespread among industrialized countries. The WHO says counterfeits make up less than one percent of the illegal drug market in countries like the United States, Canada, Japan and New Zealand.

But the agency also says as much as fifty percent of the medicine sold on the Internet is counterfeit.

Much is being done to fight counterfeit drugs. Several companies are developing ways to make counterfeits easier to identify. And there are existing methods, like a machine that can quickly identify chemicals in pills to confirm if the pills are real. Other ideas include things like special tracking codes for drug packages. People could send a text message with the code and get a message back, which proves that what they bought is listed in a database. Some drug makers and other companies put three-dimensional images called holograms(全息图)on their products as a security device.

1Last year twenty children in Bangladesh died because of _________.

A. unreal drugs

B. online medicines

C. acetaminophen

D. unclean water

2We can draw a conclusion from the passage that___________ .

A. it is very cheap and convenient to buy medicines online.

B. we had better not buy medicines online.

C. more and more people will buy products online.

D. medicine companies don’t pay much attention to counterfeit drugs.

3What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. It reveals(揭露) the reasons why counterfeit drugs are widespread.

B. Special tracking codes for drug packages are used to identify counterfeits.

C. It shows the danger of counterfeit drugs.

D. Some measures are being taken to fight counterfeit drugs.

4Which of the following country may have serious problems of counterfeit medicines?

A. Canada. B. India.

C. New Zealand. D. Japan.

【题目】Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name — phubbers(低头族).

Recently, a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes selfie(自拍照)in front of a car accident site, and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.

Although the ending sounds overstated, the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it. “Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck,” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying. “the neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” Also, staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.

But that’s not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. At reunions with family or friends, many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.

It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.

1For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragragh2?

A. To advertise the cartoon made by students.

B. To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing.

C. To indicate the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers.

D. To warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients.

2Which of the following is NOT a risk a phubber may have?

A. His social skills could be affected.

B. He will cause the destruction of the world.

C. His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed.

D. He might get separated from his friends and family.

3Which of the following may be the author’s attitude towards phubbing?

A. Objective. B. Supportive.

C. Optimistic. D. Opposed.

4What may the passage talk about next?

A. Advice on how to use a cell phone.

B. People who are addicted to phubbing.

C. The possible consequences of phubbing.

D. Measures to reduce the risks of phubbing.

【题目】 Scientific research gives new explanations to a very old relationship.

Dog Sense: How the New Science of Dog Behaviour Can Make You a Better Friend to Your Pet. By John Bradshaw. Basic Books; 324 pages; $25.99. Buy from Amazon.com, Amazon.co.uk

Dogs seem to have been our beloved companions since there was written history. It is hard to be precise(精确地) about when the friendship began, but a reasonable guess is that it has been going strong for more than 20,000 years. For John Bradshaw, a biologist who founded the anthrozoology department(the place known as human-non-human-animal studies) at the University of Bristol, having some idea about how dogs got to be dogs is the first step towards gaining a better understanding of human-dog relationship. It is generally accepted that dogs were raised by human beings from wolves. However, Bradshaw’s research refuted the wrong ideas about the close relationship of dogs to wolves and the mistakes that this has led to, especially in the training of dogs over the past century or so.

Dogs are not like nicely brought-up wolves, says the author, nor are they much like people despite their excellent ability to enter our lives and our hearts. However, dogs have a distinguish talent: they experience and react to the world through their extraordinary sense of smell: their sensitivity to smells is between 10,000 and 100,000 times greater than ours. And their trainability allow dogs to perform almost unimaginable tasks, such as smelling the early stages of a cancer long before a normal medical diagnosis(诊断) would discover it.

The latest scientific research can help dogs and their owners have happier, healthier relationships by encouraging people to understand dogs better. But Mr. Bradshaw is also fearful. In particular, he fears the incestuous(近亲繁殖)narrowing of the gene pool that modern breeders have brought about. He also worries that the increasing urbanization of society and the pressures on couples to work long hours are putting dogs under huge stress.

“Dog Sense” is neither a report nor a description of the joys of dog-ownership. At times its use of research data can be slightly difficult to understand. But this is a wonderfully informative, instructive book that will do good to every dog whose owner reads it.

1What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 3?

A.ProvedB.DisagreedC.DescribedD.Explained

2Which of the following statements about dogs is not true according to the passage?

A.Dogs and wolves are close relatives.

B.Some dogs can smell early stage cancers.

C.The relationship between dogs and humans has a long history.

D.Dog may suffer from depression.

3The purpose of the passage may be .

A.to introduce something about dogs

B.to present the result of a book

C.to change people’s attitude towards dogs

D.to advertise a book about dogs

4How does the author find Dog Sense?

A.BoringB.InterestingC.UsefulD.Hard

【题目】From self-driving cars to care-bots(care+robots) for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary by 2025 as artificial intelligence continues to change businesses.

“The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces,” said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE Asia Pacific.

A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence.

The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technology already destroys more jobs than it creates.

But the report states: “Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobs — just changing what people do.” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research.

“The growth of 20 to 40 person companies that have the speed and technological know-how will directly challenge big companies,” it states.

A 2014 report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists pictured “a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create,” according to Aaron Smith, the report’s co-author.

“Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change,” Microsoft’s Jonathan Grudin told researchers.

1We can infer from the text that in the future _____.

A. people will face many difficulties

B. people will take up more creative jobs

C. artificial intelligence will threaten people's lives

D. most jobs will be done in traditional workplaces

2According to the report, _____.

A. people won't necessarily lose jobs

B. big companies will face fewer challenges

C. small companies will win against big companies

D. most people will become interested in technology

3What is the attitude of most experts in artificial intelligence and robotics to the future?

A. Mixed B. Worried.

C. Hopeful. D. Doubtful.

4Jonathan Grudin’s words in the last paragraph suggest that _____.

A. there will be enough jobs for people

B. things will change a lot in a few years

C. many people will become unemployed

D. technology will totally change future jobs

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