2、1956年-1966年被称为“文艺学术发展的春天”
这一时期文学艺术硕果累累。出现这一局面的
主要原因是
A.“双百”方针的贯彻
B.广大知识分子的辛勤劳动
C.社会生活的丰富多彩,文艺创作素材丰富
D.全国知识分子会议的召开
1、右图为恢复高考制度以来报考与录取人数变化示意图。此图不能反映
A.高等教育越来越受到民众重视
B.高等教育由精英教育逐步发展为大众教育
C.文革严重影响了高校正常招生
D.高等教育质量不断提升
31. 解:(1)如图所示:······························································································ 4分
(注:正确画出1个图得2分,无作图痕迹或痕迹不正确不得分)
(2)若三角形为锐角三角形,则其最小覆盖圆为其外接圆;········································ 6分
若三角形为直角或钝角三角形,则其最小覆盖圆是以三角形最长边(直角或钝角所对的边)为直径的圆. 8分
(3)此中转站应建在的外接圆圆心处(线段的垂直平分线与线段的垂直平分线的交点处). 10分
理由如下:
由,
,,
故是锐角三角形,
所以其最小覆盖圆为的外接圆,
设此外接圆为,直线与交于点,
则.
故点在内,从而也是四边形的最小覆盖圆.
所以中转站建在的外接圆圆心处,能够符合题中要求.
························································································ 12分
29. 解:(1)将图1中的正方形等分成如图的四个小正方形,将这4个转发装置安装在这4个小正方形对角线的交点处,此时,每个小正方形的对角线长为,每个转发装置都能完全覆盖一个小正方形区域,故安装4个这种装置可以达到预设的要求.
····················· (3分)(图案设计不唯一)
(2)将原正方形分割成如图2中的3个矩形,使得.将每个装置安装在这些矩形的对角线交点处,设,则,.
由,得,
即如此安装3个这种转发装置,也能达到预设要求.·············································· (6分)
或:将原正方形分割成如图2中的3个矩形,使得,是的中点,将每个装置安装在这些矩形的对角线交点处,则,, ,即如此安装三个这个转发装置,能达到预设要求.···················································································· (6分)
要用两个圆覆盖一个正方形,则一个圆至少要经过正方形相邻两个顶点.如图3,用一个直径为31的去覆盖边长为30的正方形,设经过,与交于,连,则,这说明用两个直径都为31的圆不能完全覆盖正方形.
所以,至少要安装3个这种转发装置,才能达到预设要求.··································· (8分)
评分说明:示意图(图1、图2、图3)每个图1分.
30解:(1);,.
(2)设存在实数,使抛物线上有一点,满足以为顶点的三角形与等腰直角相似.
以为顶点的三角形为等腰直角三角形,且这样的三角形最多只有两类,一类是以为直角边的等腰直角三角形,另一类是以为斜边的等腰直角三角形.
①若为等腰直角三角形的直角边,则.
由抛物线得:,.
,.的坐标为.
把代入抛物线解析式,得.
抛物线解析式为.
即.
②若为等腰直角三角形的斜边,
则,.
的坐标为.
抛物线解析式为,即
当时,在抛物线上存在一点满足条件,如果此抛物线上还有满足条件的点,不妨设为点,那么只有可能是以为斜边的等腰直角三角形,由此得,显然不在抛物线上,因此抛物线上没有符合条件的其他的点.
当时,同理可得抛物线上没有符合条件的其他的点.
当的坐标为,对应的抛物线解析式为时,
和都是等腰直角三角形,.
又,.
,,总满足.
同理可证得:,总满足
28. 解:(1)∵D(-8,0),∴B点的横坐标为-8,代入中,得y=-2.
∴B点坐标为(-8,-2).而A、B两点关于原点对称,∴A(8,2)
从而k=8×2=16
(2)∵N(0,-n),B是CD的中点,A,B,M,E四点均在双曲线上,
∴mn=k,B(-2m,-),C(-2m,-n),E(-m,-n)
=2mn=2k,=mn=k,=mn=k.
∴=――=k.∴k=4.
由直线及双曲线,得A(4,1),B(-4,-1)
∴C(-4,-2),M(2,2)
设直线CM的解析式是,由C、M两点在这条直线上,得
,解得a=b=
∴直线CM的解析式是y=x+.
(3)如图,分别作AA1⊥x轴,MM1⊥x轴,垂足分别为A1,M1
设A点的横坐标为a,则B点的横坐标为-a.于是,
同理
∴p-q=-=-2
27. 解:(1)由题意:BP=tcm,AQ=2tcm,则CQ=(4-2t)cm,
∵∠C=90°,AC=4cm,BC=3cm,∴AB=5cm
∴AP=(5-t)cm,
∵PQ∥BC,∴△APQ∽△ABC,
∴AP∶AB=AQ∶AC,即(5-t)∶5=2t∶4,解得:t=
∴当t为秒时,PQ∥BC
………………2分
(2)过点Q作QD⊥AB于点D,则易证△AQD∽△ABC
∴AQ∶QD=AB∶BC
∴2t∶DQ=5∶3,∴DQ=
∴△APQ的面积:×AP×QD=(5-t)×
∴y与t之间的函数关系式为:y=
………………5分
(3)由题意:
当面积被平分时有:=××3×4,解得:t=
当周长被平分时:(5-t)+2t=t+(4-2t)+3,解得:t=1
∴不存在这样t的值
………………8分
(4)过点P作PE⊥BC于E
易证:△PAE∽△ABC,当PE=QC时,△PQC为等腰三角形,此时△QCP′为菱形
∵△PAE∽△ABC,∴PE∶PB=AC∶AB,∴PE∶t=4∶5,解得:PE=
∵QC=4-2t,∴2×=4-2t,解得:t=
∴当t=时,四边形PQP′C为菱形
此时,PE=,BE=,∴CE=
………………10分
在Rt△CPE中,根据勾股定理可知:PC===
∴此菱形的边长为cm ………………12分
26. 解:方案一:由题意可得:,
点到甲村的最短距离为.······································································· (1分)
点到乙村的最短距离为.
将供水站建在点处时,管道沿铁路建设的长度之和最小.
即最小值为.········································································ (3分)
方案二:如图①,作点关于射线的对称点,则,连接交于点,则.
,.·········································································· (4分)
在中,
,两点重合.即过点.············································· (6分)
在线段上任取一点,连接,则.
,
把供水站建在乙村的点处,管道沿线路铺设的长度之和最小.
即最小值为.··········· (7分)
方案三:作点关于射线的对称点,连接,则.
作于点,交于点,交于点,
为点到的最短距离,即.
在中,,,
..
,两点重合,即过点.
在中,,.············································· (10分)
在线段上任取一点,过作于点,连接.
显然.
把供水站建在甲村的处,管道沿线路铺设的长度之和最小.
即最小值为.································································ (11分)
综上,,供水站建在处,所需铺设的管道长度最短.········ (12分)
25. 解:(1)取中点,联结,
为的中点,,.································· (1分)
又,.··········································································· (1分)
,得;······································ (2分)(1分)
(2)由已知得.··································································· (1分)
以线段为直径的圆与以线段为直径的圆外切,
,即.·························· (2分)
解得,即线段的长为;······································································· (1分)
(3)由已知,以为顶点的三角形与相似,
又易证得.··············································································· (1分)
由此可知,另一对对应角相等有两种情况:①;②.
①当时,,..
,易得.得;······················································· (2分)
②当时,,.
.又,.
,即,得.
解得,(舍去).即线段的长为2.········································ (2分)
综上所述,所求线段的长为8或2.
24. 解:(1)∵点在上,
∴,
∴.
(2)连结, 由题意易知,
(3)正方形AEFG在绕A点旋转的过程中,F点的轨迹是以点A为圆心,AF为半径的圆.
第一种情况:当b>2a时,存在最大值及最小值;
因为的边,故当F点到BD的距离取得最大、最小值时,取得最大、最小值.
如图②所示时,
的最大值=
的最小值=
第二种情况:当b=2a时,存在最大值,不存在最小值;
的最大值=.(如果答案为4a2或b2也可)
23. 解(Ⅰ)当,时,抛物线为,
方程的两个根为,.
∴该抛物线与轴公共点的坐标是和. ················································ 2分
(Ⅱ)当时,抛物线为,且与轴有公共点.
对于方程,判别式≥0,有≤. ········································ 3分
①当时,由方程,解得.
此时抛物线为与轴只有一个公共点.································· 4分
②当时,
时,,
时,.
由已知时,该抛物线与轴有且只有一个公共点,考虑其对称轴为,
应有 即
解得.
综上,或. ················································································ 6分
(Ⅲ)对于二次函数,
由已知时,;时,,
又,∴.
于是.而,∴,即.
∴. ············································································································ 7分
∵关于的一元二次方程的判别式
∴抛物线与轴有两个公共点,顶点在轴下方.····························· 8分
又该抛物线的对称轴,
由,,,
得,
∴.
又由已知时,;时,,观察图象,
可知在范围内,该抛物线与轴有两个公共点. ············································ 10分