ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ

11£®ÊéдÏÂÁÐÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ
£¨1£©Ê¹ÂÈÆøºÍË®ÕôÆøÍ¨¹ýׯÈȵÄÌ¿²ã£¬Éú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÇâÆøÌåºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÆøÌåÊÇ·ÅÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬µ±1molÂÈÆø²ÎÓ뷴ӦʱÊÍ·Å145kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬Ð´³öÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º2Cl2£¨g£©+2H2O£¨g£©+C£¨s£©=4HCl£¨g£©+CO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-290kJ•mol-1
£¨2£©ÒÑÖª²ð¿ª1molH-H¡¢1molN-H¡¢1molN¡ÔN·Ö±ðÐèÒªµÄÄÜÁ¿ÊÇ436kJ¡¢391kJ¡¢946kJ£¬ÔòN2ÓëH2·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNH3µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£ºN2£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©=2NH3£¨g£©¡÷H=-92kJ•mol-1
£¨3£©Ì¿·ÛÓëË®ÕôÆø·´Ó¦Éú³ÉCO£¨g£©ºÍ±ê×¼×´¿öÏÂ22.4LH2£¨g£©ÎüÊÕ131.5kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬Ð´³öÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£ºC£¨s£©+H2O£¨g£©=CO£¨g£©+H2£¨g£©¡÷H=+131.5kJ•mol-1£®

·ÖÎö £¨1£©1molÂÈÆø²ÎÓ뷴ӦʱÊÍ·Å145kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬Ôò2molÂÈÆø²ÎÓ뷴ӦʱÊÍ·Å290kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬½áºÏÎïÖʵÄ״̬¡¢ìʱäΪ¸ºÊéдÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£»
£¨2£©ìʱäµÈÓÚ¶ÏÁÑ»¯Ñ§¼üÎüÊÕÄÜÁ¿¼õÈ¥³É¼üÊͷŵÄÄÜÁ¿£»
£¨3£©±ê×¼×´¿öÏÂ22.4LH2£¨g£©ÎüÊÕ131.5kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬ÇâÆøµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª$\frac{22.4L}{22.4L/mol}$=1mol£¬ìʱäΪÕý£¬ÒÔ´ËÀ´½â´ð£®

½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©1molÂÈÆø²ÎÓ뷴ӦʱÊÍ·Å145kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬Ôò2molÂÈÆø²ÎÓ뷴ӦʱÊÍ·Å290kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬ÔòÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ2Cl2£¨g£©+2H2O£¨g£©+C£¨s£©=4HCl£¨g£©+CO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-290kJ•mol-1£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2Cl2£¨g£©+2H2O£¨g£©+C£¨s£©=4HCl£¨g£©+CO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-290kJ•mol-1£»
£¨2£©·¢ÉúN2£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©=2NH3£¨g£©£¬¡÷H=946kJ/mol+3¡Á436kJ/mol-6¡Á391kJ/mol=-92kJ•mol-1£¬ÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪN2£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©=2NH3£¨g£©¡÷H=-92kJ•mol-1£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºN2£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©=2NH3£¨g£©¡÷H=-92kJ•mol-1£»
£¨3£©±ê×¼×´¿öÏÂ22.4LH2£¨g£©ÎüÊÕ131.5kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬ÇâÆøµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª$\frac{22.4L}{22.4L/mol}$=1mol£¬ìʱäΪÕý£¬ÔòÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪC£¨s£©+H2O£¨g£©=CO£¨g£©+H2£¨g£©¡÷H=+131.5kJ•mol-1£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºC£¨s£©+H2O£¨g£©=CO£¨g£©+H2£¨g£©¡÷H=+131.5kJ•mol-1£®

µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄÊéд£¬Îª¸ßƵ¿¼µã£¬°ÑÎÕÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÓëÈÈÁ¿µÄ¹ØÏµ¡¢ìʱäΪ½â´ðµÄ¹Ø¼ü£¬²àÖØ·ÖÎöÓëÓ¦ÓÃÄÜÁ¦µÄ¿¼²é£¬×¢ÒâÎïÖʵÄ״̬£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£®

Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿

Î¥·¨ºÍ²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢¾Ù±¨µç»°£º027-86699610 ¾Ù±¨ÓÊÏ䣺58377363@163.com

¾«Ó¢¼Ò½ÌÍø