ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
2£®¹ØÓÚÈÜÒºµÄÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©| A£® | µÈÌå»ý¡¢¶ÔÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄNaXºÍÈõËáHX»ìºÏºóµÄÈÜÒºÖУºC£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HX£©£¾c£¨X-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£© | |
| B£® | µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄÏÂÁÐÈÜÒº£º¢ÙH2CO3¢ÚNa2CO3¢ÛNaHCO3¢Ü£¨NH4£©2CO3ÖÐc£¨CO32-£©µÄ´óС¹ØÏµÎª£º¢Ú£¾¢Ü£¾¢Û£¾¢Ù | |
| C£® | Íù0.1mol/L CH3COOHÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈëÉÙÁ¿HCl£¬´×ËáµÄµçÀëÆ½ºâÏòÄæ·´Ó¦·½ÏòÒÆ¶¯£¬ÇÒÈÜÒºÖÐ$\frac{c£¨C{H}_{3}COOH£©}{c£¨{H}^{+}£©•c£¨C{H}_{3}CO{O}^{-}£©}$Ôö´ó | |
| D£® | Na2CO3ÈÜÒºÖУ¬2c£¨Na+£©=c£¨CO32-£©+c£¨HCO3-£©+c£¨H2CO3£© |
·ÖÎö A£®Èç¹ûÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ÔòHXµÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚX-µÄË®½â³Ì¶È£»
B£®ÓÉÓڢܷ¢Éú»¥´ÙË®½â£¬Ë®½â³Ì¶È½Ï´ó£¬Ôòc£¨CO32-£©µÄ´óСΪ¢Ú£¾¢Ü£¬¢ÙΪ¶þÔªÈõËᣬc£¨CO32-£©×îС£»
C£®Éè´×ËáµÄµçÀëÆ½ºâ³£ÊýΪKa£¬Ôò$\frac{c£¨C{H}_{3}COOH£©}{c£¨{H}^{+}£©•c£¨C{H}_{3}CO{O}^{-}£©}$=$\frac{1}{{K}_{a}}$£¬Î¶Ȳ»±ä¸Ã±ÈֵΪ³£Êý£»
D£®¸ù¾Ý̼ËáÄÆÈÜÒºÖеÄÎïÁÏÊØºãÅжϣ®
½â´ð ½â£ºA£®Èç¹ûÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ÔòHXµÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚX-µÄË®½â³Ì¶È£¬ËùÒÔc£¨HX£©£¼c£¨X-£©£¬¸ù¾ÝÎïÁÏÊØºãµÃc£¨Na+£©£¼c£¨X-£©£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòÊÇc£¨X-£©£¾c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HX£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®ÓÉÓڢܷ¢Éú»¥´ÙË®½â£¬Ë®½â³Ì¶È½Ï´ó£¬Ôòc£¨CO32-£©µÄ´óСΪ¢Ú£¾¢Ü£¬¢ÙΪ¶þÔªÈõËᣬc£¨CO32-£©×îС£¬Ôòc£¨CO32-£©µÄ´óС¹ØÏµÎª£º¢Ú£¾¢Ü£¾¢Û£¾¢Ù£¬¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
C£®Íù0.1mol/L CH3COOHÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈëÉÙÁ¿HCl£¬ÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÔö´ó´×ËáµÄµçÀëÆ½ºâÏò×ÅÄæÏòÒÆ¶¯£¬µ«$\frac{c£¨C{H}_{3}COOH£©}{c£¨{H}^{+}£©•c£¨C{H}_{3}CO{O}^{-}£©}$Ϊƽºâ³£ÊýµÄµ¹Êý£¬Î¶Ȳ»±äƽºâ³£Êý²»±ä£¬Ôò¸Ã±ÈÖµ²»·¢Éú±ä»¯£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D£®Na2CO3ÈÜÒºÖУ¬¸ù¾ÝÎïÁÏÊØºã¿ÉµÃ£ºc£¨Na+£©=2c£¨CO32-£©+2c£¨HCO3-£©+2c£¨H2CO3£©£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡B£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½Ï£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬ÎïÁÏÊØºã¡¢ÑεÄË®½âÔÀíµÄº¬ÒåΪ½â´ð¹Ø¼ü£¬×¢ÒâÕÆÎÕµçÀëÆ½ºâ³£ÊýµÄÓ°ÏìÒòËØ£¬ÊÔÌâÅàÑøÁËѧÉúµÄ·ÖÎöÄÜÁ¦¼°Áé»îÓ¦ÓÃÄÜÁ¦£®
| A£® | ÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÓÃÕôÁóˮϴ¾»ºó£¬Î´´ý¸ÉÔï±ãÓÃÀ´ÅäÖÆ | |
| B£® | NaOHÈܽâºó³ÃÈÈÒÆÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖÐ | |
| C£® | ¶¨ÈÝʱ£¬¸©Êӿ̶ÈÏß | |
| D£® | Ò¡ÔȺó·¢ÏÖÒºÃæÎ´µ½¿Ì¶ÈÏߣ¬¼ÌÐø¼ÓË®ÖÁ¿Ì¶ÈÏß |
| A£® | ÖÊ×ÓÊý£ºa£¾b | B£® | Àë×Ó°ë¾¶£ºr£¨aX+£©£¾r£¨bY-£© | ||
| C£® | X¡¢Y¿ÉÐγÉXY2ÐÍ»¯ºÏÎï | D£® | Ô×Ó°ë¾¶£ºr£¨Y£©£¾r£¨X£© |
| A£® | 5.8gÊìʯ¸à£¨2CaSO4•H2O£©º¬ÓеĽᾧˮ·Ö×ÓÊýΪ0.02NA | |
| B£® | ÔÚK37ClO3+6H35Cl£¨Å¨£©¨TKCl+3Cl2¡ü+3H2O·´Ó¦ÖУ¬ÈôÓÐ212¿ËÂÈÆøÉú³É£¬Ôò·´Ó¦Öеç×Ó×ªÒÆµÄÊýĿΪ5NA | |
| C£® | 60¿ËµÄÒÒËáºÍÆÏÌÑÌÇ»ìºÏÎï³ä·ÖȼÉÕÏûºÄ2NA¸öO2 | |
| D£® | 1mol CnH2n-2£¨n¡Ý2£©ÖÐËùº¬µÄ¹²Óõç×Ó¶ÔÊýΪ£¨3n+1£©NA |
| A£® | 16g18O2º¬ÓеÄÖÐ×ÓÊýΪ10NA | B£® | 1.9g1H37Clº¬Óеĵç×ÓÊýΪ0.9NA | ||
| C£® | lmolN2Öй²Óõç×Ó¶ÔÊýΪ3NA | D£® | 0.5molNH4+º¬ÓеÄÖÊ×ÓÊýΪ5.5NA |