Question

13£®ÏÂÁÐÈÜÒºÖи÷΢Á£µÄŨ¶È¹Øϵ²»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©

• A£® 0.1 mol•L^-1 HCOOHÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨HCOO^-£©+c£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©
• B£® 1L0.1mol•L^-1 CuSO₄•£¨NH₄£©₂SO₄•6H₂OµÄÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨SO₄^2-£©£¾c£¨NH₄⁺£©£¾c£¨Cu²⁺£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©
• C£® ³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ï¡°±Ë®ÖðµÎ¼ÓÈ뵽ϡÁòËáÖУ¬µ±ÈÜÒºµÄpH=7ʱ£ºc£¨NH₄⁺£©=2c£¨SO₄^2-£©
• D£® µÈÌå»ý¡¢µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄNaXºÍÈõËáHX»ìºÏºóµÄÈÜÒº£ºc£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨HX£©£¾c£¨X^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©

Answer 1

·ÖÎö A£®Èκεç½âÖÊÈÜÒºÖж¼´æÔÚµçºÉÊغ㣬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãÅжϣ»
B£®¸ÃÈÜÒºÖÐNH₄⁺¡¢Cu²⁺¶¼Ë®½âµ¼ÖÂÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ËùÒÔ¶þÕßÏ໥ÒÖÖÆË®½â£¬ÕâÁ½ÖÖÀë×ÓË®½âµ«³Ì¶È½ÏС£¬SO₄^2-²»Ë®½â£»
C£®³£ÎÂÏ£¬»ìºÏÈÜÒºpH=7£¬ÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬Ôòc£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãÅжÏc£¨SO₄^2-£©¡¢c£¨NH₄⁺£©Ïà¶Ô´óС£»
D£®µÈÌå»ý¡¢µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄNaXºÍÈõËáHX»ìºÏºóµÄÈÜÒº£¬Èç¹ûNaXË®½â³Ì¶È´óÓÚHXµçÀë³Ì¶È£¬ÔòÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬Èç¹ûNaXË®½â³Ì¶ÈСÓÚHXµçÀë³Ì¶È£¬ÔòÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£®

½â´ð ½â£ºA£®Èκεç½âÖÊÈÜÒºÖж¼´æÔÚµçºÉÊغ㣬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãµÃc£¨HCOO^-£©+c£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»
B£®¸ÃÈÜÒºÖÐNH₄⁺¡¢Cu²⁺¶¼Ë®½âµ¼ÖÂÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬Ôòc£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¬NH₄⁺¡¢Cu²⁺Ï໥ÒÖÖÆË®½â£¬ÕâÁ½ÖÖÀë×ÓË®½âµ«³Ì¶È½ÏС£¬SO₄^2-²»Ë®½â£¬ËùÒÔÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòÊÇc£¨SO₄^2-£©£¾c£¨NH₄⁺£©£¾c£¨Cu²⁺£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¬¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
C£®³£ÎÂÏ£¬»ìºÏÈÜÒºpH=7£¬ÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬Ôòc£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©£¬ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚµçºÉÊغãc£¨NH₄⁺£©+c£¨H⁺£©=c£¨OH^-£©+2c£¨SO₄^2-£©£¬ËùÒÔµÃ2c£¨SO₄^2-£©=c£¨NH₄⁺£©£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®µÈÌå»ý¡¢µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄNaXºÍÈõËáHX»ìºÏºóµÄÈÜÒº£¬Èç¹ûNaXË®½â³Ì¶È´óÓÚHXµçÀë³Ì¶È£¬ÔòÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÁ£×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòÊÇc£¨HX£©£¾c£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨X^-£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¬Èç¹ûNaXË®½â³Ì¶ÈСÓÚHXµçÀë³Ì¶È£¬ÔòÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ÔòÁ£×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòÊÇc£¨X^-£©£¾c£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨HX£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡D£®

µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½Ï£¬Îª¸ßƵ¿¼µã£¬Ã÷È·ÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖʼ°ÆäÐÔÖÊ¡¢ÈÜÒºËá¼îÐÔÊǽⱾÌâ¹Ø¼ü£¬×¢ÒâµçºÉÊغ㡢ÎïÁÏÊغãµÄÁé»îÔËÓã¬Ò×´íÑ¡ÏîÊÇD£¬Òª¸ù¾ÝNaXË®½â³Ì¶ÈºÍHXµçÀë³Ì¶ÈÏà¶Ô´óСÅжÏÈÜÒºËá¼îÐÔ£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®