39. beyond的一些用法]
38.eager的用法 ] eager adj.渴望的,殷切期盼的;热心的。其副词形式为eagerly,名词形式为eagerness。例如: ① He was eager for success.他渴望成功。 ② They are eager to see their daughter.他们渴望见到他们的女儿。 ③John was eager for us to come to the party.约翰殷切期盼我们来参加晚会。 ④We are eager that the project should be started early. 我们热切希望这项计划能早日着手进行。 ⑤They listened to the lecture with eager attention.他们热切地倾听讲座。 ⑥They listened to me eagerly.他们殷切地听我说话。 ⑦She is in her eagerness to see her husband.她急于要见她的丈夫。 [注意]eager和anxious都有“渴望”之意,eager带有更多的热切、兴奋的情绪,而anxious带有更多的焦虑的心情。 ①He is anxious about his safety.他对她的安全感到焦虑。 ②They became anxious at her delay.他们开始为她的耽搁焦虑不安。 ③She was eager about her progress. 她渴望进步。 ④I\'m eager to go with you.我很想和你去。
37.help的用法]
help sb do sth:help sb to do sth
a.如果help这个动词的主语同它的宾语一起动作,它所搭用的那个作宾语的补语的不定式短语可以省去to,否则仍须把to保留;也就是说,用于人称结构,那个不定式短语要省去to,而用于非人称结构,则多半不省去to。
例如:Please help me find a seat.请你帮我找个座位。(你我两人一起去找)
The magnificent plan of socialist modernization will help us tobroaden our vision.社会主义现代化的宏伟规划将会帮助我们大开眼界。(主语plan是非人称的,所以仍须保留to)
比较:Please help me find a seat.请你帮我找个座位。(你我两人一起去找)
Please help me to find a seat.请你帮我找个座位。(你去找,不是你我一起去找。)
b.用于被动语态,那个不定式短语中的to也不能省去(注:美国英语则往往一概省去to)。
例如:They must be helped to remain modest,prudent and freefrom arrogance and rashness in their style of work.他们在工作作风上一定要彼此帮助,保持谦虚,戒骄戒躁。
These students have to be helped to pay special attention totheir study of English.需要帮助这些学生特别注重英语学习。
2. Is the river deep enough for swimming? 河水够深来游泳吗? enough作形容词,意为“充足的;足够的”,在句中可作定语或表语。作定语时,一般放在它所修饰的名词前面。如: 1. I have enough money to buy a colour TV set. 我有足够的钱买台彩电。 2. Fifteen minutes is enough time for you to have a coffee. 15分钟够你喝杯咖啡了。
1. You don't practise enough at the piano. 你钢琴弹奏练习得不够。
36.enough的用法]
enough作副词用时,意为“充分地;足够地”,通常要把它放在所修饰的形容词、副词或动词的后面,常与不定式或介词for连用。如:
35.ill和sick的区别]
ill和sick都是形容词,表示“生病的”,但二者有区别;
ill只可作表语;而sick既可作表语,也可作定语。如:
①He is ill / sick in hospital. 他生病住院了。
②He is a sick boy.(正)这男孩儿生病了。
He is an ill boy. (误)
34. so+助动词+主语和so+主语+助动词的区别]
so + 连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+另一主语
此句型中需将主、谓语倒装,表示前句所述的肯定情况也适用于另外一个人或物。其中的so作“也这样;也如此”解。例如:
You can answer the question. So can anybody else. 你能回答这个问题,任何其他人也能回答。
My father enjoys watching TV, and so does my mother. 我父亲喜欢看电视,我母亲也喜欢看。
He is an English teacher. So am I. 他是英语教师,我也是英语教师。
She bought a beautiful skirt in the shop yesterday. So did I. 她昨天在商场买了一条漂亮的裙子。我也买了一条。
从上例可以看出:
①so后面的连系动词be、助动词或情态动词既要在意义上同前一句的谓语动词保持一致,又要与后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
②这一结构中的主语可以是名词或人称代词,但它和上文中的主语不是指同一个“人”或“物”。
另外,这一结构的否定式是“neither/nor+系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语”。例如:
-He doesn”t know Louise”s address. 他不知道路易丝的地址。
-Neither do I. 我也不知道。
I have never been there, neither has he. 我从未到过那里,他也没有。
这里neither/ nor的意思是“也不”或“也没有”。又如:
-The first one was not bad. 第一个不坏。
-Neither was the second. 第二个也不坏。
so+主语+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词
此句型的主语与前一句的主语通常是指同一个“人”或“物”,主、谓语不需要倒装。这种句型表示说话者赞同前句所提到的情况或事实,其中的so作“不错;确实如此”解。例如:
-He studies much harder than any other student in his class.
他比班上其他同学学习都用功得多。
-So, he does. 确实如此。
-He will go to England for his holiday tomorrow. 他明天要去英国度假。
-So he will. 的确如此。
-It was hot yesterday. 昨天天热。
-So it was. 是这样。
33. the first time和for the first time的区别]
这两个词组的词性不同 The first time是名词,在句子里面做主语或者宾语
例如 it's the first time for me to come here.
for the first time是副词,直接做时间状语
I come here for the first time.
6.other, the other, others, another
other可作为形容词,意为“其他的”如:What other things can you see?
要注意掌握one…the other的用法,表示(两者中的)一个…另一个,如:
I have two balls.One is red, the other is green.
others泛指另外的人或物。the others表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”,如:
Some students are playing basketball, (the)others are playing football.
another意为“另一个”。如:I want another apple.