19.解:(1)从计算器中随机抽取一个,再从保护盖中随机取一个,有Aa,Ab,Ba,Bb四种情况.
恰好匹配的有Aa,Bb两种情况,
.····························································································· 2分
(2)用树形图法表示:
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所有可能的结果AB Aa Ab BA Ba Bb aA aB ab bA bB ba······················ 4分
可见,从计算器和保护盖中随机取两个,共有12种不同的情况.
其中恰好匹配的有4种,分别是Aa,Bb,aA,bB,
.··························································································· 6分
或用列表法表示:
|
|
A |
B |
a |
b |
|
A |
|
AB |
Aa |
Ab |
|
B |
BA |
|
Ba |
Bb |
|
a |
aA |
aB |
|
ab |
|
b |
bA |
bB |
ba |
|
·········································································· 6分
可见,从计算器和保护盖中随机取两个,共有12种不同的情况.
其中恰好匹配的有4种,分别是Aa,Bb,aA,bB,
.··························································································· 6分