II. 副词
副词的分类:
1 |
时间副词 |
soon, now, early,
finally, once, recently |
5 |
频度副词 |
always, often,
frequently, seldom, never |
2 |
地点副词 |
here, nearby,
outside, upwards, above |
6 |
疑问副词 |
how, where, when,
why |
3 |
方式副词 |
hard, well, fast,
slowly, excitedly, really |
7 |
连接副词 |
how, when, where,
why, whether, however, meanwhile |
4 |
程度副词 |
almost, nearly,
very, fairly, quite, rather |
8 |
关系副词 |
when, where, why |
III. 形容词和副词比较等级:
形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级,比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est,多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。
I. 形容词:
1. 形容词的位置:
1) 形容词作定语通常前置,但在下列情况后置:
1 |
修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时 |
nobody absent,
everything possible |
2 |
以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后 |
the best book
available, the only solution possible |
3 |
alive, alike,
awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 |
the only person
awake |
4 |
和空间、时间、单位连用时 |
a bridge 50 meters
long |
5 |
成对的形容词可以后置 |
a huge room simple
and beautiful |
6 |
形容词短语一般后置 |
a man difficult to
get on with |
2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序:
代词 |
数词 |
性状形容词 |
||||||||
冠词前的形容词 |
冠词 指示代词 不定代词 代词所有格 |
序数词 |
基数词 |
性质 状态 |
大小 长短 形状 |
新旧 温度 |
颜色 |
国籍 产地 |
材料 质地 |
名词 |
all both such |
the a this another your |
second next |
one four |
beautiful good poor |
large short square |
new cool |
black yellow |
Chinese London |
silk stone |
3) 复合形容词的构成:
1 |
形容词+名词+ed |
kind-hearted |
6 |
名词+形容词 |
world-famous |
2 |
形容词+形容词 |
dark-blue |
7 |
名词+现在分词 |
peace-loving |
3 |
形容词+现在分词 |
ordinary-looking |
8 |
名词+过去分词 |
snow-covered |
4 |
副词+现在分词 |
hard-working |
9 |
数词+名词+ed |
three-egged |
5 |
副词+过去分词 |
newly-built |
10 |
数词+名词 |
twenty-year |