21. pay back还钱，报复

　 pay for付钱，为…受到惩罚，因…得到报应

　 pay off还清

　 1) How much did you pay __________ the dictionary?

　 2) You should pay _________ the money you borrowed from me.

　 3) I'll pay him ____________ for all his crimes(罪行) against me.

　 4) Some day, you'll pay __________ what you have done today.

　 5) Has she pay ____________ the debt yet?

　 (for, back, back, for, off)

20. pass away去世

　 pass by经过

　 pass down(on)…to传给

　 pass through经历

　 pass over漠视，忽视

　 1) The old clock has been passed ________ to me from my grandfather's grandfather.

　 2) The man passed ___________ last week in peace.

　 3) We are passing ____________ difficult times.

　 4) The secretary passed ___________ the details in the first part of his report.

　 (down, away, through, over)

19. make up编造，配制，打扮，组成

　 make up for弥补

　 make into / of / from 制成

　 make out弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列(清单)

　 make for走向，驶往，促使

　 1) Can you make this length of cloth __________ a suit?

　 　2) I asked the driver if he was making ___________ London?

　 3) My father made __________ a check for me to buy the camera.

　 4) We must make the loss _________ next week./ He tried hard to make ________ for

　　 the damage he had done.

　 5) He made __________ a story, which I found hard to believe.

　 6) Someone is coming, but I can't make ___________ who it is.

　 (into, for, out, up/up, up, out)

18. look up查找，向上看

　 look through翻阅，浏览

　 look on旁观

　 look on…as看作

　 look into调查

　 look after/ at / for 照顾/看/寻找

　 look out(for)当心

　 look about / around/round四下查看

　 look down upon瞧不起

　 look back upon回忆，回顾

　 look ab. up and down仔细打量某人

look ab in the face/eyes直视某人

　 1) I spent two hours looking ______ the students' papers.

　 2)Look _______! There is a big hole in front.

　 3) He took part in the game, and the rest of us just looked ______ and cheered for him.

　 4) The old man looked _____ upon the days of his youth.

　 5) She was so snobbish(势利)that she looked __________ upon all his neighbours.

　 6) The police promised to look __________ the case as soon as possible.

　 7) He looked __________ but saw nobody, and he listened but hear nothing.

　 (through, out, on, back, down, into, about/around/round)

17. leave for离开前往

　 leave out删去，遗漏

　 leave behind遗留,忘记拿走

　 leave to留给，遗嘱赠于

　 leave over遗留，剩下，延期

　 1) "Whose name has been left __________?" demanded the teacher.

　 2) When he died, he left all his property _____ his niece.

　 3) He suddenly realized that he had left his umbrella ___________.

　 4) Don't leave this matter _________ until tomorrow.

　 5) Leave some meat ___________ for tomorrow.

　 6) Those are questions left _________ by history.

　 (out, to, behind, over, over, over)

16. knock at/on敲

　 knock into撞到某人身上

　 knock down撞倒

　 knock out of把…敲出

　 knock over撞倒

　 knock off停止工作，休息

　 　1) The boxer soon knocked his opponent _________.

　 　2) The office stuff knocks _________ at six every day.

　 　3) Try knocking __________ the window and see if there is anyone indoors.

　 　4) He was so absorbed in his book that he knocked __________ the car parked there.

　 　(down, off, on, into)

15. keep up (courage, English, spirits)保持，

　 keep up with跟上

　 keep off (grass)不接近，离开

　 keep away from避开，不接近，离…远远的

　 keep out of

　 keep to (rules, promise)坚持，遵守　　

　 keep on继续，坚持下来

　 keep back阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下

　 keep from克制，阻止

　 1) The angry lady told the strangers to keep ________ from her.

　 2) I can hardly keep ________ my tears after hearing his words.

　 3) Only pride kept her __________ bursting into tears.

　 4) I can scarcely keep __________ asking him what he has done.

　 5) "Don't touch me," screamed the woman, "Keep __________!"

　 6) Keep _________ until you succeed.

　 7) Keep _________ your courage, and you'll succeed in the end.

　 8) The thick coat can keep the cold ___________.

　 9) Always try to keep ___________ the rules when you play a game.

　 10) I can't keep ________ with everything you're doing.

　 (away, back, from, from, off, on, up, out, to, up)

14. hold back阻止，隐瞒

　 hold up举起，使停顿

　 hold on别挂电话，等，坚持

　 hold out持续，坚持，伸出

　 hold down控制，镇压

　 1) I'm sure he is holding something _________.

　 2) She managed to hold ______ her emotion until her guests had left. Then she cried.

　 3) Tell him to hold ________ a moment. I'll come soon.

　 4) Our food supply won't hold _________ for more than a few days.

　 5) The train was held ________ as a result of the floods.

　 6) These measures helped to hold ___________ the city's population.

　 7) Hold ___________ your left arm, please.

　 (back, back, on, out, up, down, up)

13. hang about闲逛

　 hang up挂电话

12. hand in交上，提交

　 hand out分发

　 hand down流传，遗传