ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
19£®ÍþºÏ½ð1.52gÍêÈ«ÈܽâÓÚ50mLÃܶÈΪ1.40g•mL-1¡¢ÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ63%µÄŨÏõËáÖУ¬µÃµ½NO2ºÍN2O4µÄ»ìºÏÆøÌå1120mL£¨±ê×¼×´¿ö£©£®Ïò·´Ó¦ºóµÄÈÜÒºÖмÓÈë1.0mol•L-1 NaOHÈÜÒº£¬µ±½ðÊôÀë×ÓÈ«²¿³Áµíʱ£¬µÃµ½2.54g³Áµí£®ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨²»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©A£® | µÃµ½2.54 g³Áµíʱ£¬¼ÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÊÇ600 mL | |
B£® | ¸ÃŨÏõËáÖÐHNO3µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÊÇ14.0 mol•L-1 | |
C£® | ¸ÃºÏ½ðÖÐÍÓëþµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈÊÇ2£º1 | |
D£® | NO2ºÍN2O4µÄ»ìºÏÆøÌåÖУ¬NO2µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊýÊÇ80% |
·ÖÎö A£®·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÖÊΪÏõËáÄÆ£¬¸ù¾ÝµªÔªËØÊغã¼ÆËãÏõËáÄƵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬¸ù¾ÝÄÆÀë×ÓÊغã¿ÉÖªn£¨NaOH£©=n£¨NaNO3£©£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝV=$\frac{n}{c}$¼ÆËãÐèÒªÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ý£»
B£®¸ù¾Ýc=$\frac{1000¦Ñ¦Ø}{M}$¼ÆËã¸ÃŨÏõËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È£»
C£®½ðÊôÀë×ÓÈ«²¿³Áµíʱ£¬µÃµ½2.54g³ÁµíΪÇâÑõ»¯Í¡¢ÇâÑõ»¯Ã¾£¬¹Ê³ÁµíÖÐÇâÑõ¸ùµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª2.54g-1.52g=1.02g£¬¸ù¾Ýn=$\frac{m}{M}$¼ÆËãÇâÑõ¸ùµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغã¿ÉÖª£¬½ðÊôÌṩµÄµç×ÓÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÈÓÚÇâÑõ¸ùµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬¸ù¾Ýµç×ÓתÒÆÊغãÓë¶þÕßÖÊÁ¿Ö®ºÍÁз½³Ì¼ÆËã½â´ð£»
D£®¸ù¾Ýn=$\frac{V}{{V}_{m}}$¼ÆËãNO2ºÍN2O4»ìºÏÆøÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬Áî¶þÑõ»¯µªµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îªamol£¬¸ù¾Ýµç×ÓתÒÆÁз½³Ì¼ÆË㣮
½â´ð ½â£ºA£®·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÖÊΪÏõËáÄÆ£¬¸ù¾ÝµªÔªËØÊغã¿ÉÖª£¬ÏõËáÄƵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.05L¡Á14mol/L-0.04mol-£¨0.05-0.04£©¡Á2=0.64mol£¬¸ù¾ÝÄÆÀë×ÓÊغã¿ÉÖªn£¨NaOH£©=n£¨NaNO3£©=0.64mol£¬¹ÊÐèÒªÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýΪ$\frac{0.64mol}{1mol/L}$=0.64L=640mL£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®¸ÃŨÏõËáÃܶÈΪ1.40g/mL¡¢ÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ63%£¬¹Ê¸ÃŨÏõËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ$\frac{1000¡Á1.4¡Á63%}{63}$mol/L=14mol/L£¬¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
C£®½ðÊôÀë×ÓÈ«²¿³Áµíʱ£¬µÃµ½2.54g³ÁµíΪÇâÑõ»¯Í¡¢ÇâÑõ»¯Ã¾£¬¹Ê³ÁµíÖÐÇâÑõ¸ùµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª2.54g-1.52g=1.02g£¬ÇâÑõ¸ùµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª$\frac{1.02g}{17g/mol}$=0.06mol£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغã¿ÉÖª£¬½ðÊôÌṩµÄµç×ÓÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÈÓÚÇâÑõ¸ùµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬ÁîÍ¡¢Ã¾ºÏ½ðÖÐCu¡¢MgµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿·Ö±ðΪxmol¡¢ymol£¬Ôò£º$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{2x+2y=0.06\\;}\\{64x+24y=1.52}\end{array}\right.$£¬½âµÃx=0.02£¬y=0.01£¬¹ÊºÏ½ðÖÐÍÓëþµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈÊÇ0.02mol£º0.01mol=2£º1£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®NO2ºÍN2O4»ìºÏÆøÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª$\frac{1.12L}{22.4L/mol}$=0.05mol£¬Áî¶þÑõ»¯µªµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îªamol£¬ÔòËÄÑõ»¯¶þµªµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª£¨0.05-a£©mol£¬¸ù¾Ýµç×ÓתÒÆÊغã¿ÉÖª£¬a¡Á1+£¨0.05-a£©¡Á2¡Á1=0.06£¬½âµÃa=0.04£¬NO2µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊýÊÇ$\frac{0.04mol}{0.05mol}$¡Á100%=80%£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡£ºA£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²é»ìºÏÎïµÄÓйؼÆË㣬ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬Àí½â·´Ó¦·¢ÉúµÄ¹ý³ÌÊǹؼü£¬ÊǶÔѧÉú×ÛºÏÄÜÁ¦µÄ¿¼²é£¬×¢Òâ¸ù¾ÝÊغã˼Ïë½øÐеĽâ´ð£®
A£® | 1molNa2CO3 | B£® | 0.5molNa2CO3£¬0.5 molNa2O2 | ||
C£® | 0.25molNa2CO3£¬0.75 molNa2O2 | D£® | O.75 molNa2CO3£¬0.25 molNa2O2 |
A£® | ̼µÄȼÉÕÈÈ´óÓÚ110.5 kJ/mol | |
B£® | ¢ÙµÄ·´Ó¦ÈÈΪ221 kJ/mol | |
C£® | Ï¡ÁòËáÓëÏ¡NaOHÈÜÒº·´Ó¦µÄÖкÍÈÈΪ57.3 kJ/mol | |
D£® | Ï¡´×ËáÓëÏ¡NaOHÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³É1 molË®£¬·Å³ö57.3 kJ ÈÈÁ¿ |
A£® | СÓÚ50mL | B£® | µÈÓÚ50mL | C£® | ´óÓÚ50mL | D£® | µÈÓÚ50/¦ÑmL |
A£® | 1.0 mol£®L-lµÄNaAl02ÈÜÒººÍ2.5 mol£®L-lµÄÑÎËáµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£º2AlO${\;}_{2}^{-}$+5H+¨TAl£¨OH£©3¡ý+Al3++H2O | |
B£® | ÍÈÜÓÚ0.5 mol£®L-1µÄÏõËáÖУºCu+4H++2NO${\;}_{3}^{-}$¨TCu2++2NO2¡ü+2H2O | |
C£® | ¹¤ÒµÉϽ«Cl2ͨÈËʯ»ÒÈéÖÐÖÆƯ°×·Û£ºCl2+2OH-¨TCl-+ClO-+H2O | |
D£® | ÏòBa£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿µÄNH4HSO4ÈÜÒº£ºBa2++OH-+H++Si${\;}_{4}^{2-}$¨TBaSO4¡ý+H2O |
A£® | 1mol NH4+Ëùº¬Óеĵç×ÓÊýΪ11 NA | |
B£® | 20gÄÊÆøËùº¬ÓеķÖ×ÓÊýԼΪ 3.01¡Á1023 | |
C£® | ±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬22.4LSO2ÆøÌåËùº¬µÄÔ×ÓÊýΪ NA | |
D£® | ³£Î³£Ñ¹Ï£¬32gO2ºÍO3µÄ»ìºÏÆøÌåËùº¬Ô×ÓÊýΪ2 NA |