ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÐÂÐ͸ÆîÑ¿óÌ«ÑôÄܵç³Ø¾ß±¸¸ü¼ÓÇå½à¡¢±ãÓÚÓ¦Óá¢ÖÆÔì³É±¾µÍºÍЧÂʸߵÈÏÔÖøÓŵ㡣 Ò»ÖÖ¸ÆîÑ¿óÌ«ÑôÄܵç³Ø²ÄÁϵľ§°ûÈçͼËùʾ¡£
Çë°´ÒªÇó»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÓйØÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©¹¹³É CH3NH3 µÄÈýÖÖÔªËØÖе縺ÐÔ×îСµÄÊÇ_____________£» д³ö̼Ô×ӵĵç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª__________¡£
£¨2£©Pb Óë C ͬÖ÷×壬±È C µÄÖÜÆÚÐòÊý´ó 4£¬Ð´³ö Pb Ô×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ӵĹìµÀ±íʾʽ£¨¼´µç×ÓÅŲ¼Í¼£©__________________¡£
£¨3£©ÓÐ¹Ø NH3 µÄ½á¹¹ÓëÐÔÖÊ̽¾¿
¢Ù NH3 ·Ö×ÓÖÐËùº¬»¯Ñ§¼üÊÇ____________£¨´Ó¡°¼«ÐÔ¼ü¡±¡¢¡°·Ç¼«ÐÔ¼ü¡±¡¢¡°Åäλ¼ü¡±¡¢ ¡°Àë×Ó¼ü¡±¡¢¡°¦Ò¼ü¡±»ò¡° ¦Ð¼ü¡±ÖÐÑ¡Ìî·ûºÏµÄÃû³Æ£©£»N Ô×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯ÐÎʽΪ__________¡£
¢Ú NH3 ·Ö× VSEPR Ä£ÐÍÃû³ÆΪ_________£¬·Ö×ӵĿռä½á¹¹£¨¼´Á¢Ìå¹¹ÐÍ£© Ϊ______¡£
¢ÛÈçͼËùʾ£¬Ì½¾¿ NH3 µÄÐÔÖÊʱ£¬´ò¿ªÖ¹Ë®¼Ð£¬¼·Ñ¹½ºÍ·µÎ¹Ü£¬¿ÉÒԹ۲쵽ÉÕÆ¿ÖÐѸËÙ²úÉúºìÉ«ÅçȪ¡£ÇëÓñØÒªµÄ·Ö×ӽṹ ÓëÐÔÖʵÄ֪ʶºÍ»¯Ñ§ÓÃÓï½âÊͲúÉú¸ÃÏÖÏóµÄÔÒò£º_________¡¢________¡£
£¨4£©¸Ã¸ÆîÑ¿óÌ«ÑôÄܵç³Ø²ÄÁϵĻ¯Ñ§Ê½Îª________________£»¸Ã¾§°ûÖУ¬Óë I- ½ôÁÚµÄ I- ¸öÊýΪ_____________£» ²â¶¨Æ侧Ìå½á¹¹ÌØÕ÷×î¿É¿¿µÄ·½·¨ÊÇ____________ʵÑé¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿H 1s22s22p2 ¼«ÐÔ¼ü¡¢¦Ò¼ü sp3 ËÄÃæÌå Èý½Ç׶ÐÎ NH3·Ö×ÓΪ¼«ÐÔ·Ö×Ó£¬²¢ÇÒNH3·Ö×ÓÓëH2O·Ö×Ó¼äÐγÉÇâ¼ü£¬¹Ê°±Æø¼«Ò×ÈÜÓÚË®£¬Ê¹ÉÕÆ¿ÄÚÆøѹ±äС£¬ÐγÉÅçȪ NH3ÓëH2O·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNH3¡¤H2O £¬NH3¡¤H2ONH4++OH-£¬°±Ë®³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬°±Ë®ÄÜʹ·Ó̪ÊÔÒº±äºì£¬ËùÒÔÐγɺìÉ«ÅçȪ PbCH3NH3I3 8 X-ÉäÏßÑÜÉä
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
£¨1£©¿¼²é³£¼ûÔªËØH¡¢C¡¢Nµç¸ºÐԵĴóС£»CµÄºËµçºÉÊýΪ6£¬CÔªËصĺËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½£»
£¨2£©Í¬Ö÷×åÔªËØ£¬¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÏàͬ£¬¼Ûµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½ÏàËÆ£¬¹ÊPbÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª6s26p2£¬PbÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ӵĹìµÀʽ£º £»
£¨3£©ÀûÓü۲ãµç×Ó¶ÔÊýÈ·¶¨NH3·Ö×ÓµÄÖÐÐÄÔ×ÓNµÄÔÓ»¯·½Ê½£¬NH3·Ö×ÓµÄVSEPRÄ£ÐÍÃû³ÆΪËÄÃæÌåÐΣ¬¸ù¾ÝÊÇ·ñº¬Óйµç×Ó¶Ô£¬º¬Óм¸¸ö¹Âµç×Ó¶Ô£¬È·¶¨·Ö×ӵĿռ乹ÐÍ£¬NH3·Ö×ӵļ۲ãµç×Ó¶ÔÊýÊÇ4£¬NÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯ÐÎʽΪsp3£¬VSEPRÄ£ÐÍÃû³ÆΪËÄÃæÌåÐΣ¬ÓÖÒòΪNÔ×ÓÉÏÓÐÒ»¶Ô¹Âµç×Ó¶Ô£¬·Ö×ӵĿռä½á¹¹(¼´Á¢Ìå¹¹ÐÍ)ΪÈý½Ç׶ÐΣ»NH3·Ö×ÓΪ¼«ÐÔ·Ö×Ó£¬²¢ÇÒNH3·Ö×ÓÓëH2O·Ö×Ó¼äÐγÉÇâ¼ü£¬°±Æø¼«Ò×ÈÜÓÚË®£¬Ê¹ÉÕÆ¿ÄÚÆøѹ±äС£¬ÐγÉÅçȪ£¬°±Ë®³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬¹Ê·Ó̪ÊÔ¼ÁÓöµ½°±Ë®ÏÔºìÉ«£»
£¨4£©¸ù¾Ý¾§°û½á¹¹Í¼½øÐÐÈ·ÈÏÒ»¸ö¾§°ûÖк¬ÓжàÉÙ¸öA¡¢B¡¢X£¬²â¶¨¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÌØÕ÷×î¿É¿¿µÄ·½·¨ÊÇX-ÉäÏßÑÜÉäʵÑé¡£
£¨1£©H¡¢C¡¢NÈýÖÖÔªËص縺ÐԵĴóС˳ÐòÊÇ£ºN>C>H£¬¹ÊÈýÖÖÔªËØÖе縺ÐÔ×îСµÄÊÇH£»CºËµçºÉÊýÊÇ6£¬Ì¼Ô×ӵĵç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª£º1s22s22p2£»
£¨2£©CµÄÖÜÆÚÐòÊýÊÇ2£¬PbµÄÖÜÆÚÐòÊý±ÈCµÄÖÜÆÚÐòÊý´ó4£¬¹ÊPbµÄÖÜÆÚÐòÊýΪ6£¬PbÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª6s26p2£¬PbÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ӵĹìµÀʽ£º £»
£¨3£©¢Ù NH3·Ö×ÓÖÐNÓëHÖ®¼äÐγɵĻ¯Ñ§¼üN-HÊǼ«ÐÔ¹²¼Û¼ü¡¢¦Ò¼ü£¬1¸öNH3·Ö×ÓÖÐÓÐ3¸ö¦Ò¼ü£¬1¶Ô¹Âµç×Ó¶Ô£¬¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶ÔÊýΪ4£¬NÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯ÐÎʽΪsp3£»
¢Ú NH3·Ö×ÓµÄVSEPRÄ£ÐÍÃû³ÆΪËÄÃæÌåÐΣ¬·Ö×ӵĿռä½á¹¹(¼´Á¢Ìå¹¹ÐÍ)ΪÈý½Ç׶ÐΣ»
¢ÛNH3·Ö×ÓΪ¼«ÐÔ·Ö×Ó£¬²¢ÇÒNH3·Ö×ÓÓëH2O·Ö×Ó¼äÐγÉÇâ¼ü£¬¹Ê°±Æø¼«Ò×ÈÜÓÚË®£¬Ê¹ÉÕÆ¿ÄÚÆøѹ±äС£¬ÐγÉÅçȪ£¬NH3ÓëH2O·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNH3¡¤H2O £¬NH3¡¤H2ONH4++OH-£¬°±Ë®³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬°±Ë®ÄÜʹ·Ó̪ÊÔÒº±äºì£¬ËùÒÔÐγɺìÉ«ÅçȪ£»
£¨4£©8¸öAÔÚ¾§°ûµÄ¶¥µã£¬1¸öBÔÚÌåÐÄ£¬6¸öXÔÚÃæÐÄ£¬¹Ê¾§°ûÖк¬ÓÐAµÄ¸öÊýÊÇ8¡Á=1£¬¾§°ûÖк¬ÓÐBµÄ¸öÊýÊÇ1£¬¾§°ûÖк¬ÓÐXµÄ¸öÊýÊÇ6¡Á=3£¬¸Ã¸ÆîÑ¿óÌ«ÑôÄܵç³Ø²ÄÁϵĻ¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªPbCH3NH3I3£»¸Ã¾§°ûÖУ¬ÓëI- ½ôÁÚµÄ I-¸öÊýΪ8£»²â¶¨¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÌØÕ÷×î¿É¿¿µÄ·½·¨ÊÇX-ÉäÏßÑÜÉäʵÑé¡£