8.　　　 从句

e.g. Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来时请关好门。

However often I try, I can’t find the answer. 不管尝试多少次，我都找不到答案。

7.　　　 复合结构

e.g. It being a holiday, the library isn’t open. 这天是假日，图书馆不开门。

They will send you the book for $2.50, postage included. 他们将把书寄给你，书价2.50美圆，邮资在内。

6. 词组

e.g. I shall stay another five months. 我将再待五个月。

First thing in the morning we swept the courtyard for the landlord. 每天早上我们的第一件事就是给房东扫院子。

5. 形容词

e.g. He said nothing but sat silent smoking. 他没说话，只静坐在那里抽烟。

Fresh from the oven, rolls are delicious. 刚出炉的小面包很好吃。

4. 分词(短语)

e.g. Being a poor teacher, he can’t afford to buy a car. 他是一位穷教师，买不起汽车。

Compared to her affection, nothing else had any worth. 和她的感情相比，别的东西都没有什么价值。

3. 不定式(短语)

e.g. I went there to see my grandmother. 我到那里去看我奶奶。

The suitcase is too heavy to be carried by a child. 箱子太重小孩拿不动。

2. 介词短语

e.g. He traveled in the desert for six months. 他在沙漠里走了六个月。

We have friends all over the world. 我们的朋友遍天下。

1. 副词

e.g. He secretly decided to leave the town. 他私下决定离开这座城市。

We’ll raise the money somehow. 我们将来以某种方式筹集这笔钱。

4. occupy oneself (in doing sth/with sth) “忙着(做某事)；忙(于某事)”。

e.g. How does he occupy himself now he is retired?

他既已退休，都如何打发日子呢？

[点拨] gone 此处是形容词，意为“离开，离去”，另外，gone 还有“过去”之意。

e.g. Gone are the days when you could buy a three-course meal for under $1.

　 一顿饭吃三道菜不到一美圆，这日子一去不复返了。

[点拨] close (sth) up “(尤指暂时)关闭(某事物)”。

e.g. Sorry madam, we’re closing up for lunch.

很抱歉，小姐，我们现在要关门吃饭。

He closes the shop up at 5.30.

他在5点30分停止营业。

close up 还可以指伤口愈合。

e.g. The cut took a long time to close up. 伤口经过很长时间才愈合。

[点拨] 此句是倒装。alone 是副词，在句中作表语，这里是表语前置；其的主语为what you are 和what you have been.

Integrating skills

[点拨] but 此处是副词，意为“只，仅仅”。

e.g. He is but a boy. 他不过是个孩子。

I don’t think we can succeed. Still we can but try.

我想我们不会成功，但是，不妨试一试。

[点拨] take sb’s/sth’s place`; take the place of sb/sth 代替某人/某事物

e.g. She couldn’t attend the meeting so her assistant took her place.

她不能出席会议，所以由助手替她。

Nothing could take the place of the family he had lost.

他失去了家庭，这一损失是无法弥补的。

[点拨] what life is about 是从句作表语。

[点拨] (only) have eyes for sb/sth. ; have eyes (only) for sb/sth---only be interested in or in love with (a specified person) (只)对……感兴趣；(只)爱恋/喜欢……

e.g. In Amsterdam, I had eyes only for the Rembrandts.

在阿姆斯特丹，我只想看伦勃朗的名画。

All the girls liked Fred, but he had eyes only for Helen.

姑娘们全都喜欢弗雷德，但是他却只对海伦感兴趣。

[点拨] have an eye/a good eye for… 意为“对……有眼光”。

e.g. He has an eye for the fair and the beautiful. 他有审美眼光。

[点拨] 此句中 all 副词，意为“completely 完全地”，修饰　wrong；wrong 是形容词，作it 的宾语补足语。

[点拨] know sb/sth well 对……熟知，对……很了解；do 代指knows。

Grammar

语法：状语(The Adverbial)

(一)状语可以由以下成分表示

3. occupy意为 “live in or have possession of (a house, land, etc)” “占用，占有(房屋、土地等)”。

e.g. The family have occupied the farm for many years.

这家人在农场已居住多年。

They occupy the house next door. 他们住在隔壁。