1. extra / additional
[解释]
extra   指不包含本身而额外加上去的部分。
additional 指在原有基础上添加上去的。
 [练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). There is an ________ charge for heavy bags.
2). I don’t suppose they wanted any ________ help.
Keys:      1). additional     2). extra
2. instrument / equipment
[解释]
instrument乐器,仪器;为某个用途而使用的工具。
equipment 指生产、研究所需要的设备、装置;是不可数名词。
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Our school has been given some new ________.
2). They each play several _________.
Keys:   1). equipment    2). instruments
3. perform / act
[解释]
perform 侧重表演的能力、技巧或效果;其主语可以是人,也可以为动物。
 act   侧重“扮演、担任”某一角色,侧重于动作,主语通常是人。
[练习]
1). The monkeys ________ very well at the circus.
2). He acted Deng Xiaoping with deep feeling.
Keys: 1). perform      2). acted
4. come up with/come up/ come up to
[解释]
come up with意为“想出”“提出”“赶上”。
come up作“(意想不到地)发生”“引起注意”“得到考虑”解。
come up to意为“达到(某水平、标准)”。
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). It’s wonderful for you to _________ such a good idea.
2). I _________ her as she was rounding the corner.
3). His work does not _________ what we expect of him.
Keys: 1). come up with  2). came up with      3). come up to
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