62. Why is the question of “how easily people can get used to working at night” not mere an academic one?

A. Because few people like to reverse the cycle of sleep and wakefulness.

B Because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.

C. Because people are required to work at night in some fields of industry.

D. Because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits.

61. Which of the following is WRONG?

A. Body temperature may act as an indication of a worker’s performance.

B. The selection of permanent night shift workers solves problems of the round-the-clock working system.

C. Taking body temperature at regular intervals can show how a person adapt to the changes of routine.

D. Disturbed sleep occurs less frequently among those on permanent night or day shift.

60. What does Obama’s quotation during his visit to Shanghai last year “consider the past, and you shall know the future” mean?

　 　　 A. History proves US will respect its competitor in the long run.

　 　　 B. It will be some time before US gives in to China in the end.

　 　　 C. US Presidents daren’t face the reality and are not willing to either.

　 　　 D. The future of US will be disappointing in comparison with China.

B

　 We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours’ sleep alternation with some 16-17 hours’ wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with (与一致) the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.

　 The question is no more an academic one. The ease, for example, with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls for round-the-clock working of machines. It normally, takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. one week, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p.m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.

The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a number of permanent night workers. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence (发生率) of disturbed sleep and other disorders among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of theses phenomena among those on permanent night work.

This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy , but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the strains of alternative day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most likely to the change of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adopted is by measuring his body temperature. People engaged in normal daytime work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work the pattern will only gradually go back to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly in terms of performance. Therefore, by taking body temperature at intervals of two hours throughout the period of wakefulness it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a reversed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection. So far, however, such a form of selection does not seem to have been applied in practice.

59. According to the passage, why did the US leaders come to terms with reality?

A. Because China has the largest population in the world and is the largest market.

B. Because China’s economy develops so fast that it gives US more and more help.

C. Because China’s amazing growth makes US Presidents adjust their policies.

D. Because US Presidents are more clever than leaders in any other countries.

58. From Paragraph 2 we can see Obama’s attitude towards China is getting tougher. Of all the things he did, which of the following is NOT included?

A. Personal donation to Taiwan　　　 　　　　　　　 B. Arms sales to Taiwan

C. Issues related to currency rates　 　　　　 D. Internet freedom

57. What does the underlined word “collide” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A. work together　　 B. help each other　　 C. contradict　　　　 D. blame

56. What is the most appropriate title according to the passage?

A. US should spare no efforts to defeat antagonizing China

B. President Obama finally met the Dalai Lama

C. All the previous US Presidents didn’t have good terms with China

D. US should move to repair China ties after Dalai meeting

47. A. direct　　　 　 B. twisted　　　　　 　　　 C. straight　　　 　　　 D. smoothed

SECTION C　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.

Dear Xiaohua:

　 I’m very glad to receive your letter. From your letter, I know you have shown 　48　 　great interest in inventing new things. That’s great. As for how to be an inventor, there is no quick answer to 　49　 .

　 Coming from different cultures and having different backgrounds, inventors do not seem to have much 　50 　common.　 But creative thinking, 　51　 　is greatly valued, is perhaps the basic skill an inventor should have. In order to explore new possibilities, you will have to learn to break 52　　 　from old thought patterns. When you get stuck, try to look at the problem in 　　　　53　　 　many ways as possible. Each new way may improve your understanding.

　 More importantly, always keep it in your mind 　54　 　success is no accident. It is the result of a long process of trial and error. Above　 55　 , the main task for you is to study hard and try to learn more knowledge. This, of course, will lay a solid foundation.

　 Hope your future invention will make a difference.

　 Good luck.　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours,

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Wang Li

PART THREE　 READING COMPREHENSION

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.

A

After so much discussion - featured by intense media attention and China's repeated warnings - US President Barack Obama finally met the Dalai Lama at the White House on Thursday. With this latest move to test China's limit of tolerance, Obama has hit a home run to complete his months-long season of a game called "antagonizing (敌对的) China". At least we hope so. After all the recent tensions in Sino-US relations, a half-time break is what both sides desperately need. But it is still too early to have a sigh of relief.

Thanks to his vow to "get much tougher" with China, Obama has struck nearly every note to create the cacophony (嘈杂的声音) against a country that he once promised not to contain. From the US$6.4 billion arms sales to Taiwan to issues related to currency rates and Internet freedom, Obama has criticized China in every possible front. So much that no one can say for sure whether China-US relationship is strong enough to survive all the damages done. It is up to Washington to show its sincerity to begin again the work of repairing the damaged relations.

It usually takes some time for US leaders to learn the rules of their China policy.

Bill Clinton had argued that Washington "should not reward China with improved trade status when it has ... failed to make sufficient progress on human rights". George W. Bush had pledged to do "whatever it took" to defend Taiwan. But it did not take them long to come to terms with reality. China, with a quarter of the world's population and a fast growing economy, means a lot to the US and the world. It does both sides absolutely no good if the two countries collide rather than cooperate. It would have been foolish not to understand this at an early date. In a speech Obama made during his visit to Shanghai in November last year, Obama quoted a Chinese proverb "consider the past, and you shall know the future". Hopefully he really knows what he quoted.

46. A. trust　　　　 　 B. deny　　　　　　 C. suspect　　　 　　　 D. depend

45. A. sign　　　　 　 B. signal　　　　　 　 C. result　　　　 D. secret