ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÏÂÁÐÈÜÒºÖи÷΢Á£µÄŨ¶È¹ØÏµÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
| A¡¢´×ËáÄÆÖмÓÈëÊÊÁ¿´×ËáµÃµ½µÄËáÐÔ»ìºÏÈÜÒº£ºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CH3COO-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£© |
| B¡¢Ä³¶þÔªÈõËáµÄËáʽÑÎNaHAÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨H+£©+c£¨Na+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨HA-£©+c£¨A2-£© |
| C¡¢1.0 mol?L -1Na2CO3ÈÜÒº£ºc£¨OH-£©=2c£¨HCO3-£©+c£¨H+£©+c£¨H2CO3£© |
| D¡¢ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÏàµÈµÄ£¨NH4£©2SO4¡¢NH4HSO4¡¢NH4ClÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨NH4+£©£º£¨NH4£©2SO4£¾NH4HSO4£¾NH4Cl |
¿¼µã£ºÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óСµÄ±È½Ï
רÌ⣺ÑÎÀàµÄË®½âרÌâ
·ÖÎö£ºA¡¢Ïò´×ËáÄÆÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÊÊÁ¿´×ËᣬµÃµ½µÄËáÐÔ»ìºÏÈÜÒº£¬ÒÀ¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊØºã·ÖÎöÅжϣ»
B¡¢ÒÀ¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊØºã·ÖÎö£»
C¡¢ÒÀ¾ÝÈÜÒºÖÐÖÊ×ÓÊØºã·ÖÎö£»
D¡¢c£¨NH4+£©ÏàµÈµÄ£¨NH4£©2SO4¡¢NH4HSO4¡¢NH4ClÈÜÒºÖÐNH4HSO4µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓÒÖÖÆï§¸ùÀë×ÓË®½â£®
B¡¢ÒÀ¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊØºã·ÖÎö£»
C¡¢ÒÀ¾ÝÈÜÒºÖÐÖÊ×ÓÊØºã·ÖÎö£»
D¡¢c£¨NH4+£©ÏàµÈµÄ£¨NH4£©2SO4¡¢NH4HSO4¡¢NH4ClÈÜÒºÖÐNH4HSO4µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓÒÖÖÆï§¸ùÀë×ÓË®½â£®
½â´ð£º
½â£ºA¡¢Ïò´×ËáÄÆÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÊÊÁ¿´×ËᣬµÃµ½µÄËáÐÔ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊØºãc£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨CH3COO-£©£¬c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¬c£¨Na+£©£¼c£¨CH3COO-£©£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B¡¢Ä³¶þÔªÈõËáµÄËáʽÑÎNaHAÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊØºãc£¨H+£©+c£¨Na+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨HA-£©+2c£¨A2-£©£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C¡¢1.0mol/L Na2CO3ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚÖÊ×ÓÊØºã£ºc£¨OH-£©=c£¨HCO3-£©+c£¨H+£©+2c£¨H2CO3£©£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D¡¢NH4HSO4µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓÒÖÖÆï§¸ùÀë×ÓË®½â£¬Å¨¶ÈÏàµÈµÄ£¨NH4£©2SO4¡¢NH4HSO4¡¢NH4ClÈÜÒºÖУ¬c[£¨NH4£©2SO4]£¾c£¨NH4HSO4£©£¾c£¨NH4Cl£©£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡D£®
B¡¢Ä³¶þÔªÈõËáµÄËáʽÑÎNaHAÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊØºãc£¨H+£©+c£¨Na+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨HA-£©+2c£¨A2-£©£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C¡¢1.0mol/L Na2CO3ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚÖÊ×ÓÊØºã£ºc£¨OH-£©=c£¨HCO3-£©+c£¨H+£©+2c£¨H2CO3£©£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D¡¢NH4HSO4µçÀë³öµÄÇâÀë×ÓÒÖÖÆï§¸ùÀë×ÓË®½â£¬Å¨¶ÈÏàµÈµÄ£¨NH4£©2SO4¡¢NH4HSO4¡¢NH4ClÈÜÒºÖУ¬c[£¨NH4£©2SO4]£¾c£¨NH4HSO4£©£¾c£¨NH4Cl£©£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡D£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÁ˵ç½âÖÊÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½Ï£¬µçºÉÊØºã·ÖÎö£¬ÑÎÀàË®½âµÄÀí½âÓ¦Óã¬×¢ÒâÈÜҺϡÊ͹ý³ÌÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È±ä»¯·ÖÎö£¬ÕÆÎÕ»ù´¡Êǹؼü£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
ÏÂÁи÷×éÀë×ÓÔÚÖ¸¶¨ÈÜÒºÖУ¬Ò»¶¨ÄÜ´óÁ¿¹²´æµÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
¢Ùc£¨H+£©=10-12 mol?L-1µÄÈÜÒºÖУºI-¡¢NO3-¡¢SO32-¡¢K+
¢ÚÖÐÐÔÈÜÒºÖУºFe3+¡¢NO3-¡¢Na+¡¢SO42-
¢ÛÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨H+£©=10-12mol/LµÄÈÜÒº£ºBa2+¡¢Na+¡¢NO3-¡¢Cl-
¢Üʹ¼×»ù³È±ä»ÆÉ«µÄÈÜÒºÖУºCO32-¡¢Na+¡¢AlO2-¡¢SO42-£®
¢Ùc£¨H+£©=10-12 mol?L-1µÄÈÜÒºÖУºI-¡¢NO3-¡¢SO32-¡¢K+
¢ÚÖÐÐÔÈÜÒºÖУºFe3+¡¢NO3-¡¢Na+¡¢SO42-
¢ÛÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨H+£©=10-12mol/LµÄÈÜÒº£ºBa2+¡¢Na+¡¢NO3-¡¢Cl-
¢Üʹ¼×»ù³È±ä»ÆÉ«µÄÈÜÒºÖУºCO32-¡¢Na+¡¢AlO2-¡¢SO42-£®
| A¡¢¢Ú¢Û | B¡¢¢Ù¢Ü | C¡¢¢Ù¢Û | D¡¢¢Û¢Ü |
ÒÀÇúÌæõ¥ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÆ¤·ô²¡ÓÃÒ©£¬Ëü¿ÉÒÔÓÉÔÁÏX¾¹ý¶à²½·´Ó¦ºÏ³É£®ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©

| A¡¢ÔÁÏXËáÐÔÌõ¼þÏÂË®½â²úÎïÓëÖмäÌåY»¥ÎªÍ¬·ÖÒì¹¹Ìå |
| B¡¢ÔÁÏX²»ÄÜʹËáÐÔKMnO4ÈÜÒºÍÊÉ« |
| C¡¢ÖмäÌåYÄÜ·¢Éú¼Ó³É¡¢È¡´ú¡¢Ñõ»¯µÈ·´Ó¦ |
| D¡¢1 molÒÀÇúÌæõ¥Ö»ÄÜÓë1 mol NaOH·¢Éú·´Ó¦ |
1mol¸ú×ãÁ¿
µÄNaOHÈÜÒº·´Ó¦£¬ÏûºÄNaOHÎïÖʵÄÁ¿×î¶àΪ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
| A¡¢4n mol |
| B¡¢5 mol |
| C¡¢5n mol |
| D¡¢6n mol |
| A¡¢ÇúÏߢñ£ºµÎ¼ÓÈÜÒºµ½20 mLʱÈÜÒºµÄpH=5Ôò£ºc£¨H+£©-c£¨£¨NH3?H2O£©=c£¨OH-£©=1¡Á10-9 mol?L-1 |
| B¡¢ÇúÏߢñ£ºµÎ¼ÓÈÜÒºµ½20 mLʱ£ºc£¨Cl-£©£¾c£¨NH4+£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£© |
| C¡¢ÇúÏߢò£ºµÎ¼ÓÈÜÒºÔÚ10 mL¡«20 mLÖ®¼ä´æÔÚ£ºc£¨NH4+£©=c£¨Cl-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©=c£¨H+£© |
| D¡¢ÇúÏߢò£ºµÎ¼ÓÈÜÒºµ½10 mLʱ£ºc£¨CH3COO-£©-c£¨CH3COOH£©=2[c£¨H+£©-c£¨OH-£©] |
ÔÚÌå»ýΪ2LµÄºãÈÝÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷Öз¢Éú·´Ó¦xA£¨g£©+yB£¨g£©?zC£¨g£©£¬Í¼I±íʾ200¡æÊ±ÈÝÆ÷ÖÐA¡¢B¡¢CÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ËæÊ±¼äµÄ±ä»¯£¬Í¼¢ò±íʾ²»Í¬Î¶ÈÏÂÆ½ºâʱCµÄÌå»ý·ÖÊýËæÆðʼn£¨A£©£ºn£¨B£©µÄ±ä»¯¹ØÏµ£®ÔòÏÂÁнáÂÛÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©

| A¡¢ÈôÔÚͼ¢ñËùʾµÄƽºâ״̬Ï£¬ÔÙÏòÌåϵÖгäÈëHe£¬ÖØÐ´ﵽƽºâǰv£¨Õý£©£¾v£¨Ä棩 |
| B¡¢200¡æÊ±£¬·´Ó¦´Ó¿ªÊ¼µ½¸ÕºÃ´ïƽºâµÄƽ¾ùËÙÂÊv£¨B£©=0.02 mol?L-1?min-1 |
| C¡¢Í¼¢òËùÖª·´Ó¦xA£¨g£©+yB£¨g£©?zC£¨g£©µÄ¡÷H£¼0 |
| D¡¢200¡æÊ±£¬ÏòÈÝÆ÷ÖгäÈë2 mol A ºÍ1 mol B£¬´ïµ½Æ½ºâʱ£¬A µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý´óÓÚ0.5 |
ÏÂÁÐÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊéдÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
| A¡¢ÏõËáÒøÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÍ·Û£ºAg++Cu=Cu2++Ag |
| B¡¢¹ýÑõ»¯ÄÆÍ¶ÈëË®Öз¢Éú·´Ó¦£º2O22-+2H2O=4OH-+O2¡ü |
| C¡¢Ïò³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®ÖÐͨÈë×ãÁ¿¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£ºOH-+CO2=HCO3- |
| D¡¢½ðÊôÂÁÈÜÓÚÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖУºAl+2OH-=AlO2-+H2¡ü |