6.(2010高考英语湖南卷)If he　　　　 my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.

　　 A. followed　　　 　　 B. should follow　　 　　 C. had followed　　 　　 D. would follow

[答案]C

[解析]考查虚拟语气。根据“wouldn’t have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，故选C项。

5.(2010高考英语陕西卷)If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.　

A. take　 B. had taken　 C. took　　 D. have taken

[答案]B

[解析]考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用had+过去分词形式，选B。

4.(2010高考英语天津卷)John went to the hospital alone.

　If he　　　　　　 me about it, I would have gone with him.

A. should tell　　 B. tells　　　 C. told　　　 D. had told　

[答案]D

[解析]考察虚拟语气。句意为“约翰自己去医院了。如果他告诉我这件事情，我就会和他一起去去医院。根据句意可知主从句都是对过去发生事实的一种意愿表达，采用虚拟语气，所以从句采用have done的结构，故选D。

3.(2010高考英语浙江卷)Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy　　　 .

　　　 A．would have been saved　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 B．had been saved　

C．will be saved　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 D．was saved

[答案] A

[解析] 本题考查虚拟语气。根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy　　　 .故选择A。句意为：如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。

2.(2010高考英语上海卷)---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.

---Oh, you　　　 have done it as yesterday was the deadline.

A. must　　　　　　 B. mustn't　　　　　 C. should　　　　　　 D. shouldn't

[答案]C

[解析]本题考查的是虚拟语气。此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做，而未做

1.(2010高考英语江苏卷)George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.

A.focus　　　 B.focused　　　　 C.would　 focus　　 D.had focused

[答案]B

[解析]本题考察虚拟语气的用法。would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式。

4.if only和 only if 句型

if only可以用来表示对现在或未来的愿望,也可以表示与过去事实相反的愿望。例如:

If only I could swim.(现在的愿望)

If only they would tell me what they have decided. (将来的愿望)

If only they had remembered to buy some fruit just now. (与过去事实相反的愿望)

(2)only if用于句首，后接从句主谓倒装，意思是“只要，只有”。例如:

Only if the red light comes on is there any danger to employees.

Only if a teacher has given permissionis a student allowed to enter this room.

3.在口语中，虚拟语气的省略情况

口语中，虚拟语气的省略情况要注意。如果是一般过去时，只保留did，could，were等助动词、情态动词或系动词如果是过去完成时，要保留had；如果是过去将来时，要保留would／might.同时还要注意被动情况。例如:

①-Have you found the answer to the question?

-I wish I had( found the answer to the question).

②I can’t go to Beijing with you, but I wish I would (go to Beijing with you).

③-Have you finished your homework?

-I would have ( finished my homework) if I had not gone to the cinema last night.

④-The liitle boy who dark the poison by mistake died if he had been sent to the hospital earlier.

-Well. he should have been (sent to the hospital earlier).

2.在would rather后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气形式用动词的过去式，在It is(hish) time (that)…句型中，从句中的谓语动词用过去式，或 should + 动词原形，但should不能省略。例如:

It is high time that you went to school.

It is high time we should start out.

I would rather they didn’t hear of the news.

1.if省略句

在条件句中，可省略if把were，had，should提到句首，变为倒装句式。如果谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式。

例如:

Should it (If it should) rain tomorrow; we would not go fishing.

Were it not (if it were not)the expense, I would go abroad now. (不能用 weren’t)