2.表示某动作从过去开始发生,持续到现在,并且还有可能持续下去。常用的时间状语有today, this week, these days, so far, up to now, since, ever since, since then, by this time, for years / ages, for a long time, several times, in / over the past few years, “since + 过去某一时刻”,“for + 时间段”等。有时在时间或条件状语从句中,可用现在完成时代替将来完成时。

[考例]Hearing that she __the entrance exam to the university,Fudy is thrilled.[青岛市]

A.has failed in          B. is succeeded in      C.is failed in       D.has succeed in

[答案]D。[解析]本题考查词义辨析 由“听说他成功地通过了考试,Judy非常兴奋。”可知选D。

--It's raining! When did it start?

 一I don't know exactly.In fact,it _________all this afternoon. [北京市]

 A1asts            B has 1asted         C.1asted              D.will 1ast

[答案]B.[解析]考查现在完成时态。从句意“事实上,已持续了整整一个下午了”,不难看出,不能用一般过去时,此句中last"持续”作延续性动词。从信息"all this afternoon"可知。

--Are you going to see the film with us? 

--No, thanks. I _________ it. [广东省]

A. saw             B. have seen            C. see              D. was seeing

[答案]B.[解析]本题考查动词的时态。由对话的语境可推测句意“我已看过这部电影”,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,故应用现在完成时。

--Hello, this is Lily speaking.  Could I speak to Mr. Black?

--Sorry. He  _________ the Xuanwu Lake Park. [南京市]

A. has been to          B. went to            C. has gone to          D. will go to

[答案]C.[解析] 考查现在完成时态。have gone to(到某地去了,还没有回来);have been to(去过某地,已经回来了)。

Jane  _________. I'm waiting for her. [成都市]

A. came back          B. has come back        C. hasn't come back

[答案]C.[解析]考查现在完成时态。根据后句句意:“我正在等她”可知。

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