1.宾语从句的引导词
(1)由陈述句变成的宾语从句,用that引导,语序不变。that在句中无实际意义,可以省略。如:
He is a teacher. →He said (that) he
was a teacher.
I have already seen the film. →He said that he (had) already seen the film.
(2)由一般疑问句变成的宾语从句,用if或whether引导,表示“是否”,原来一般疑问句的语序要变为陈述句语序。如:
Does the boy
like English? →The teacher asked me if the boy liked English.
Are they
students?→I don't know if they are students.
注意:当宾语从句中出现“or not”或“or + 供具体选择的内容”时,就只能用whether来引导。例如:
I don’t know whether he will come back
soon or not.
(3)由特殊疑问句变成宾语从句时,疑问代词或疑问副词作宾语从句的引导词,并在宾语从句中充当成分,表示对不清楚的人、事物、时间、地点、方式等的询问。原来特殊疑问句的疑问语序要变为陈述语序。如:
Who is that boy?
→ Miss Li wants to
know who that boy is.
What does the
girl want to buy? → He asked what the girl wanted to buy.
Where have they
gone? → I didn’t know where they had gone.
When did you
leave? → He asked when I left.