题目内容
(本小题满分13分)已知椭圆
的中心在原点
,焦点
,
在
轴上,经过点
,
,且抛物线![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328950396.png)
的焦点为
.
(1) 求椭圆
的方程;
(2) 垂直于
的直线
与椭圆
交于
,
两点,当以
为直径的圆
与
轴相切时,求直线
的方程和圆
的方程.
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328653318.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328840292.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328856334.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328887352.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328903266.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328918446.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328934353.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328950396.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328965500.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328856334.png)
(1) 求椭圆
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328653318.png)
(2) 垂直于
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329012377.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329028280.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328653318.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329059300.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329074309.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329090396.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329106289.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329121310.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329028280.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329106289.png)
(1)![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329152745.png)
(2)
,
或
,![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329355849.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329152745.png)
(2)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329168515.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329246837.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329340496.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329355849.png)
试题分析:(1) 设椭圆
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328653318.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240013294021085.png)
则由椭圆经过点
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328918446.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328934353.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329698654.png)
∵抛物线
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329714652.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328856334.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329761413.png)
又
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329792553.png)
由①、②、③得
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329808675.png)
所以椭圆
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328653318.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329152745.png)
(2) 依题意,直线
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329012377.png)
由此设直线
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329028280.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329917551.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001328653318.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329948881.png)
由
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240013299641155.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329995546.png)
记
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330010859.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330026424.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330057501.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330073410.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330088657.png)
圆
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329106289.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330135991.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330151646.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330166624.png)
半径
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240013301821372.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330198787.png)
当圆
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329106289.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329121310.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330260625.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330198787.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330291630.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330307476.png)
当
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330322433.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329028280.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329168515.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330369503.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329106289.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329246837.png)
同理,当
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001330416438.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329028280.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329340496.png)
圆
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329106289.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824001329355849.png)
点评:每年高考圆锥曲线问题都出现在压轴题的位置上,难度一般较大,要充分利用数形结合数学思想方法,尽可能的寻求简单方法,尽可能的减少运算,另外思维一定要严谨,运算一定要准确.
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/images/loading.gif)
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