题目内容

如图,直三棱柱ABC-A1B1C1中,AB=AC=
1
2
AA1,∠BAC=90°,D为棱BB1的中点
(Ⅰ)求异面直线C1D与A1C所成的角;
(Ⅱ)求证:平面A1DC⊥平面ADC.
解法一:(Ⅰ)建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系设AB=a,
则A1(0,0,2a),C(0,a,0),C1(0,a,2a),D(a,0,a)(2分)
于是
C1D
=(a,-a,-a),
A1C
=(0,a,-2a)
∵cos<
C1D
A1C
>=
C1D
A1C
|
C1D
||
A1C
|
=
0-a2+2a2
3
a•
5
a
=
15
15
,(6分)
∴异面直线C1D与A1C所成的角为arccos
15
15
(7分)
(Ⅱ)∵
A1D
=(a,0,-a),
AC
=(0,a,0),
A1D
AD
=a2+0-a2=0,
A1D
AC
=0(10分)
A1D
AD
A1D
AC

∴A1D⊥平面ACD(12分)
又A1D?平面A1CD,
∴平面A1DC⊥平面ADC(14分)
解法二:
(Ⅰ)连接AC1交A1C于点E,取AD中点F,连接EF,则EFC1D
∴直线EF与A1C所成的角就是异面直线C1D与A1C所成的角(2分)
设AB=a,
则C1D=
C1B12+B1D2
=
3
a,
A1C=
AC2+AA12
=
5
a,AD=
AB2+BD2
=
2
a.
△CEF中,CE=
1
2
A1C=
5
2
a,EF=
1
2
C1D=
3
2
a,
直三棱柱中,∠BAC=90°,则AD⊥AC(4分)
CF=
AC2+AF2
=
a2+(
2
a
2
)
2
=
6
2
a(4分)
∵cos∠CEF=
CE2+EF2-CF2
2CE•EF
=
5
4
a2+
3
4
a2-
3
2
a2
2•
5
2
a•
3
2
a
=
15
15
,(6分)
∴异面直线C1D与A1C所成的角为arccos
15
15
(7分)
(Ⅱ)直三棱柱中,∠BAC=90°,∴AC⊥平面ABB1A1,则AC⊥A1D(9分)
又AD=
2
a,A1D=
2
a,AA1=2a,
则AD2+A1D2=AA12,于是AD⊥A1D(12分)
∴A1D⊥平面ACD又A1D?平面A1CD,
∴平面A1DC⊥平面ADC(14分)
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