题目内容

19.已知F1,F2分别是椭圆$\frac{{x}^{2}}{4}$+y2=1的左、右焦点,AB为过点F2且斜率为1的弦,则$\overrightarrow{{F}_{1}A}$•$\overrightarrow{{F}_{1}B}$的值为$\frac{46}{5}$.

分析 由椭圆方程求出椭圆左右焦点的坐标,得到直线l的方程,和椭圆方程联立,利用根与系数的关系求出A,B两点横坐标的和与积,再由向量数量积的坐标运算求得$\overrightarrow{{F}_{1}A}$•$\overrightarrow{{F}_{1}B}$的值.

解答 解:由$\frac{{x}^{2}}{4}$+y2=1,知a2=4,b2=1,
∴c2=a2-b2=3,则c=$\sqrt{3}$.
∴${F}_{1}(-\sqrt{3},0),{F}_{2}(\sqrt{3},0)$,
则AB所在直线方程为y-0=1×(x-$\sqrt{3}$),即y=x-$\sqrt{3}$.
联立$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{y=x-\sqrt{3}}\\{\frac{{x}^{2}}{4}+{y}^{2}=1}\end{array}\right.$,得$5{x}^{2}-8\sqrt{3}x+8=0$.
设A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),
则${x}_{1}+{x}_{2}=\frac{8\sqrt{3}}{5},{x}_{1}{x}_{2}=\frac{8}{5}$.
$\overrightarrow{{F}_{1}A}=({x}_{1}+\sqrt{3},{y}_{1}),\overrightarrow{{F}_{1}B}=({x}_{2}+\sqrt{3},{y}_{2})$,
∴$\overrightarrow{{F}_{1}A}$•$\overrightarrow{{F}_{1}B}$=${x}_{1}{x}_{2}+\sqrt{3}({x}_{1}+{x}_{2})+3+{y}_{1}{y}_{2}$
=${x}_{1}{x}_{2}+\sqrt{3}({x}_{1}+{x}_{2})+3+{x}_{1}{x}_{2}-\sqrt{3}({x}_{1}+{x}_{2})+3$
=$2{x}_{1}{x}_{2}+6=2×\frac{8}{5}+6=\frac{46}{5}$.
故答案为:$\frac{46}{5}$.

点评 本题考查椭圆的简单性质,考查了直线与圆锥曲线位置关系的应用,考查平面向量的数量积运算,是中档题.

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