ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿Åð¼°Æ仯ºÏÎïÔÚÄ͸ßκϽð¹¤Òµ¡¢´ß»¯¼ÁÖÆÔì¡¢¸ßÄÜȼÁϵȷ½ÃæÓй㷺ӦÓá£
£¨1£©Åð»ù̬Ô×ӵĵç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª_____¡£ÅðºÍÂÁ¿É·Ö±ðÐγÉ[BF4]-ºÍ[AlF6]3-£¬[BF4]-µÄ¿Õ¼ä¹¹ÐÍΪ___£¬ÅðÔªËز»¿ÉÄÜÐγÉ[BF6]3-µÄÔÒòÊÇ________________¡£
£¨2£©B2H6ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¸ßÄÜȼÁÏ£¬ËüÓëCl2·´Ó¦Éú³ÉµÄBCl3¿ÉÓÃÓÚ°ëµ¼Ìå²ôÔÓ¹¤ÒÕ¼°¸ß´¿¹èÖÆÔì¡£ÓɵڶþÖÜÆÚÔªËØ×é³ÉµÄÓëBCl3»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌåµÄÒõÀë×ÓΪ________£¬¸ÃÒõÀë×ÓµÄÖÐÐÄÔ×ÓÔÓ»¯·½Ê½Îª_________¡£
£¨3£©°±ÅðÍé(H3N¡úBH3)ºÍTi(BH4)3¾ùΪ¹ãÊܹØ×¢µÄÐÂÐÍ´¢Çâ²ÄÁÏ¡£
¢ÙBÓëNµÄµç¸ºÐÔ:B______N(Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°£½¡±£¬ÏÂͬ)¡£
¢ÚTi(BH4)3ÓÉTiCl3ºÍLiBH4·´Ó¦ÖƵá£Ð´³öÖƱ¸·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ:_________¡£
£¨4£©Á×»¯Åð(BP)ÊÇÊܵ½¸ß¶È¹Ø×¢µÄÄÍÄ¥²ÄÁÏ£¬Ëü¿ÉÓÃ×÷½ðÊô±íÃæµÄ±£»¤²ã¡£ÈçͼΪÁ×»¯Å𾧰û¡£
¢ÙÁ×»¯Åð¾§ÌåÊôÓÚ______¾§Ìå(ÌÌåÀàÐÍ)£¬ÊÇ·ñº¬ÓÐÅäλ¼ü? _____ (Ìî¡°ÊÇ¡±»ò¡°·ñ¡±)
¢Ú¾§ÌåÖÐPÔ×ÓµÄÅäλÊýΪ_____¡£
¢ÛÒÑÖªBPµÄ¾§°û±ß³¤Îªanm£¬NAΪ°¢·ü¼ÓµÂÂÞ³£ÊýµÄÊýÖµ£¬ÔòÁ×»¯Åð¾§ÌåµÄÃܶÈΪ_____g¡¤cm-3(Óú¬a¡¢NAµÄʽ×Ó±íʾ)¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿ 1s22s22p1 ÕýËÄÃæÌå ÅðÔ×ӵļÛÉê×Ó²ãÖ»ÓÐ2sºÍ2pËĸöÔ×Ó¹ìµÀ£¬×î¶à¿ÉÒÔÐγÉËĸö¹²¼Û¼ü CO32-»òNO3- sp2 £¼ TiCl3+3LiBH4==Ti(BH4)3+3LiCl Ô×Ó ÊÇ 4
¡¾½âÎö¡¿·ÖÎö£ºBΪ5ºÅÔªËØ¡£¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾ÝÖÐÐÄÔ×Ó¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶ÔÊýÅжÏÆä¿Õ¼ä¹¹ÐÍ¡£¸ù¾ÝµÈµç×ÓÔÀíÑ°ÕÒºÏÊʵĵȵç×ÓÌå¡£¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾ÝÖÐÐÄÔ×ӵļ۲ãµç×Ó¶ÔÊýÅжÏÆäÔÓ»¯·½Ê½¡£ÔªËصķǽðÊôÐÔԽǿ£¬Æäµç¸ºÐÔԽǿ¡£¸ù¾Ý¾§ÌåµÄÓ²¶È¿ÉÒÔÅжÏÆä¿ÉÄܵľ§ÌåÀàÐÍ¡£
Ïê½â£º£¨1£©Åð»ù̬Ô×ӵĵç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª1s22s22p1¡£ÅðºÍÂÁ¿É·Ö±ðÐγÉ[BF4]-ºÍ[AlF6]3-£¬[BF4]-µÄ¿Õ¼ä¹¹ÐÍΪÕýËÄÃæÌ壬ÅðÔªËز»¿ÉÄÜÐγÉ[BF6]3-µÄÔÒòÊÇÅðÔ×ӵļÛÉê×Ó²ãÖ»ÓÐ2sºÍ2pËĸöÔ×Ó¹ìµÀ£¬Ã»ÓÐd¹ìµÀ£¬¹Ê×î¶à¿ÉÒÔÐγÉËĸö¹²¼Û¼ü¡£
£¨2£©ÓɵڶþÖÜÆÚÔªËØ×é³ÉµÄÓëBCl3»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌåµÄÒõÀë×ÓΪCO32-»òNO3-£¬¸ÃÒõÀë×ÓµÄÖÐÐÄÔ×ӵļÛÄܲãµç×Ó¶ÔÊýΪ4£¬¹ÊÆäÔÓ»¯·½Ê½Îªsp2¡£
£¨3£©¢ÙBµÄ·Ç½ðÊôÐÔ±ÈNÈõ£¬¹Êµç¸ºÐÔ:B£¼N¡£
¢ÚTi(BH4)3ÓÉTiCl3ºÍLiBH4·´Ó¦ÖƵ㬸÷´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪTiCl3+3LiBH4==Ti(BH4)3+3LiCl¡£
£¨4£©¢ÙÁ×»¯Åð(BP)ÊÇÄÍÄ¥²ÄÁÏ£¬ÆäÓ²¶È±ØÈ»ºÜ´ó£¬¹ÊÁ×»¯Åð¾§ÌåÊôÓÚÔ×Ó¾§Ìå¡£Óɾ§°û½á¹¹¿ÉÖª£¬BºÍPµÄÅäλÊý¾ùΪ4£¬¶øBÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ãÖ»ÓÐ3¸öµç×Ó¡¢¶øPÔ×ÓÓйµç×Ó¶Ô£¬¹ÊBÔ×ÓÓëPÔ×ÓÖ®¼ä¿ÉÒÔÐγÉÅäλ¼ü£¬ÆäÖбض¨º¬ÓÐÅäλ¼ü¡£
¢Ú¾§ÌåÖÐPÔ×ÓµÄÅäλÊýΪ4¡£
¢ÛBPµÄ¾§°û±ß³¤Îªanm£¬Ôò¾§°ûµÄÌå»ýΪ¡£Óɾ§°û½á¹¹Ê¾Òâͼ¿ÉÖª£¬Ã¿¸ö¾§°ûÖк¬ÓÐ4¸öPÔ×ÓºÍ4¸öBÔ×Ó£¬ÔòNA¸ö¾§°ûµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª168g£¬ÔòÁ×»¯Åð¾§ÌåµÄÃܶÈΪg¡¤cm-3¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÁòËáǦ¿ÉÓÃÓÚǦÐîµç³Ø¡¢ÏËάÔöÖؼÁ¡¢Í¿ÁÏ·ÖÎöÊÔ¼Á¡£¹¤ÒµÉÏͨ³£Ó÷½Ç¦¿ó(Ö÷Òª³É·ÖΪPbS)Éú²úÁòËáǦ¡£¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³ÌÈçÏ£º
ÒÑÖª£º
¢Ù25¡æ£¬Ksp(PbS)=1.0¡Á10-28£¬Ksp(PbCl2)=1.6¡Á10-5
¢ÚPbCl2(s)+2Cl-(aq)PbCl42-(aq) ¡÷H>0
¢ÛFe3+ÒÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎïÐÎʽ¿ªÊ¼³ÁµíʱµÄpHֵΪ1.9
(1)ÓÉÓÚKsp(PbS)©‚Ksp(PbCl2)£¬PbS+2HClPbCl2+H2SµÄ·´Ó¦³Ì¶ÈºÜС£¬¼ÓÈëFeCl3ÄÜÔö´ó·´Ó¦³Ì¶È£¬ÔÒòÊÇ____________________£»²½Öè¢Ù·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖпɹ۲쵽Óе»ÆÉ«¹ÌÌåÉú³É£¬×Ü·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ_____________________£»¸Ã²½ÖèÐè¿ØÖÆÈÜÒºµÄpH<1.9£¬Ö÷ҪĿµÄÊÇ_______________________¡£
(2)²½Öè¢ÚÖб¥ºÍʳÑÎË®µÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇ_________________________¡£
(3)²½Öè¢ÛÖÐÂËÒºA¾¹ýÕô·¢Å¨Ëõ¡¢ÓñùˮԡÀäÈ´½á¾§ºó£¬»¹Ðè½øÐеIJÙ×÷ÊÇ__________(Ìî²Ù×÷Ãû³Æ)¡£
(4)²½Öè¢ÜÖУ¬Èô¼ÓÈëÏ¡ÁòËá³ä·Ö·´Ó¦ºóËùµÃÐü×ÇÒºÖÐc(Cl-)=1.0mol¡¤L-1£¬Ôòc(SO42-)=________[Ksp(PbSO4)=1.6¡Á10-8]¡£²½Öè¢ÝÖÐÂËÒºBÓÃÊÊÁ¿ÊÔ¼ÁX´¦Àíºó¿ÉÑ»·ÀûÓã¬ÊÔ¼ÁXӦѡÓÃÏÂÁÐÖеÄ_____(Ìî±êºÅ)¡£
a.HNO3 b.Cl2 c.H2O2 d.Ìú·Û
(5)Á¶Ç¦ºÍÓÃǦ¶¼»áʹˮÌåÒòÖؽðÊôǦµÄº¬Á¿Ôö´ó¶øÔì³ÉÑÏÖØÎÛȾ¡£Ë®ÈÜÒºÖÐǦµÄ´æÔÚÐÎ̬Ö÷ÒªÓÐPb2+¡¢Pb(OH)+¡¢Pb(OH)2¡¢Pb(OH)3-¡¢Pb(OH)42-¡£¸÷ÐÎ̬µÄǦŨ¶È·ÖÊýxÓëÈÜÒºpH±ä»¯µÄ¹ØϵÈçͼËùʾ£º
¢Ù̽¾¿Pb2+µÄÐÔÖÊ£ºÏòº¬Pb2+µÄÈÜÒºÖÐÖðµÎµÎ¼ÓNaOHÈÜÒººóÏȱä»ë×Ç£¬¼ÌÐøµÎ¼ÓNaOHÈÜÒºÓÖ±ä³ÎÇ壬pHΪ13¡«14ʱ£¬ÈÜÒºÖз¢ÉúµÄÖ÷Òª·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ__________________¡£
¢Ú³ýÈ¥ÈÜÒºÖеÄPb2+£º¿ÆÑÐС×éÓÃÒ»ÖÖÐÂÐÍÊÔ¼Á(DH)¡°²¶×½¡±½ðÊôÀë×Ó£¬´Ó¶øÈ¥³ýË®ÖеĺÛÁ¿Ç¦ºÍÆäËûÔÓÖÊÀë×Ó£¬ÊµÑé½á¹û¼Ç¼ÈçÏ£º
Àë×Ó | Pb2+ | Ca2+ | Fe3+ | Mn2+ |
´¦ÀíǰŨ¶È/(mg¡¤L-l) | 0.100 | 29.8 | 0.12 | 0.087 |
´¦ÀíºóŨ¶È/(mg¡¤ L-1) | 0.004 | 22.6 | 0.04 | 0.053 |
ÈôÐÂÐÍÊÔ¼Á(DH)ÔÚÍÑǦ¹ý³ÌÖÐÖ÷Òª·¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦Îª£º2DH(s)+Pb2+(aq)D2Pb(s)+2H+(aq)£¬ÔòÍÑǦʱ×îºÏÊʵÄpHԼΪ_____________¡£¸ÃʵÑéÖÐǦµÄÍѳýÂÊΪ_________________¡£