ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
5£®P¡¢Q¡¢W¡¢X¡¢Y¡¢ZÊÇÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±íÇ°36ºÅÔªËØÖеÄÁùÖÖ³£¼ûÔªËØ£¬ÆäÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£®WÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÓëºËÍâµç×Ó×ÜÊýÖ®±ÈÊÇ3£º4£¬P¿ÉÓëWÐγÉÁ½ÖÖ³£¼ûµÄ»¯ºÏÎïMºÍN£¬Æä·Ö×ÓÖÐÔ×Ó¸öÊý±È·Ö±ðΪ2£º1ºÍ1£º1£¬Q¡¢YµÄÑõ»¯ÎïÊǵ¼ÖÂËáÓêµÄÖ÷ÒªÎïÖÊ£¬XÊǵؿÇÖк¬Á¿×î¸ßµÄ½ðÊôÔªËØ£¬ZÄÜÐγɺìÉ«£¨»òשºìÉ«£©µÄZ2OºÍºÚÉ«µÄZOÁ½ÖÖÑõ»¯Î£¨1£©NµÄµç×ÓʽΪ£º£®W¡¢X¡¢YµÄÀë×Ӱ뾶ÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòΪS2-£¾O2-£¾Al3+£¨ÓÃÀë×Ó·ûºÅ»Ø´ð£©
£¨2£©XQÊÇÒ»ÖÖÐÂÐ͵ĽṹÌմɲÄÁÏ£¬¾ß±¸Ðí¶àÓÅÁ¼µÄÐÔÄÜ£¬ºÏ³ÉµÄ·½·¨Ö®Ò»ÊǸßÎÂʱÓùýÁ¿µÄ̼ÔÚQµ¥ÖÊÆøÌåµÄ·ÕΧÖл¹ÔXµÄÑõ»¯ÎÊÔд³ö¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£ºN2+Al2O3+3C$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$2AlN+3CO
£¨3£©ÒÑÖª³£ÎÂʱNaPYW3µÄÈÜÒºÈÜÒº³ÊÏÖ½ÏÇ¿µÄËáÐÔ£¬ÔòÆäÈÜÒºÖи÷Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄÅÅÁÐ˳ÐòΪ£ºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HSO3-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨SO32-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©
£¨4£©QµÄÇ⻯ÎïÓëYµÄ×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯Îï¶ÔÓ¦µÄË®»¯Îï·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒ»ÖÖÕýÑΣ¬ÆäË®ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ÔÒòÊÇNH4++H2O?NH3•H2O+H+£¨Àë×Ó·½³Ìʽ½âÊÍ£©
£¨5£©ZCl2ÈÜÒºÖлìÓÐFeCl3ÔÓÖÊʱ£¬¿É¼ÓÈëCuO£¨ÌîÊÔ¼Á»¯Ñ§Ê½£©µ÷½ÚpH=4£¬ÔÙ¹ýÂË£®£¨Fe£¨OH£©3µÄKSP=10-35£¬»¯Ñ§Ê½ÈÏΪ²ÐÁôÔÚÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈСÓÚ10-5mol/Lʱ³Áµí¾Í´ïÍêÈ«£®£©
£¨6£©¹¤ÒµÉÏ¿ÉÓøßÎÂÌõ¼þÏÂO2+Z2Y¨T2Z+YO2À´Ò±Á¶½ðÊôZ£¬Éú³É1molZʱתÒƵĵç×Ó×ÜÊýΪ3mol£®
·ÖÎö P¡¢Q¡¢W¡¢X¡¢Y¡¢ZÊÇÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±íÇ°36ºÅÔªËØÖеÄÁùÖÖ³£¼ûÔªËØ£¬ÆäÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£®WÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÓëºËÍâµç×Ó×ÜÊýÖ®±ÈΪ3£º4£¬¹ÊWΪOÔªËØ£»P¿ÉÓëWÐγÉÁ½ÖÖ³£¼ûµÄ»¯ºÏÎïMºÍN£¬Æä·Ö×ÓÖÐÔ×Ó¸öÊý±È·Ö±ðΪ2£º1ºÍ1£º1£¬ÔòPΪHÔªËØ£¬MΪH2O£¬NΪHO2O2£»Q¡¢YµÄÑõ»¯ÎïÊǵ¼ÖÂËáÓêµÄÖ÷ÒªÎïÖÊ£¬¶øµ¼ÖÂËáÓêµÄÖ÷ÒªÎïÖÊÊǶþÑõ»¯µªºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Áò£¬YÔ×ÓÐòÊý´óÓÚQ£¬¹ÊQΪNÔªËØ£¬YΪSÔªËØ£»XÊǵؿÇÖк¬Á¿×î¸ßµÄ½ðÊôÔªËØ£¬¹ÊXÊÇAlÔªËØ£»ZÄÜÐγɺìÉ«£¨»òשºìÉ«£©µÄZ2OºÍºÚÉ«µÄZOÁ½ÖÖÑõ»¯Î¹ÊZÊÇCuÔªËØ£¬ÐγɵÄÁ½ÖÖÑõ»¯ÎïΪCu2O£¨×©ºìÉ«£©ºÍCuO£¨ºÚÉ«£©£¬¾Ý´Ë½â´ð£®
½â´ð ½â£ºP¡¢Q¡¢W¡¢X¡¢Y¡¢ZÊÇÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±íÇ°36ºÅÔªËØÖеÄÁùÖÖ³£¼ûÔªËØ£¬ÆäÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£®WÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÓëºËÍâµç×Ó×ÜÊýÖ®±ÈΪ3£º4£¬¹ÊWΪOÔªËØ£»P¿ÉÓëWÐγÉÁ½ÖÖ³£¼ûµÄ»¯ºÏÎïMºÍN£¬Æä·Ö×ÓÖÐÔ×Ó¸öÊý±È·Ö±ðΪ2£º1ºÍ1£º1£¬ÔòPΪHÔªËØ£¬MΪH2O£¬NΪHO2O2£»Q¡¢YµÄÑõ»¯ÎïÊǵ¼ÖÂËáÓêµÄÖ÷ÒªÎïÖÊ£¬¶øµ¼ÖÂËáÓêµÄÖ÷ÒªÎïÖÊÊǶþÑõ»¯µªºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Áò£¬YÔ×ÓÐòÊý´óÓÚQ£¬¹ÊQΪNÔªËØ£¬YΪSÔªËØ£»XÊǵؿÇÖк¬Á¿×î¸ßµÄ½ðÊôÔªËØ£¬¹ÊXÊÇAlÔªËØ£»ZÄÜÐγɺìÉ«£¨»òשºìÉ«£©µÄZ2OºÍºÚÉ«µÄZOÁ½ÖÖÑõ»¯Î¹ÊZÊÇCuÔªËØ£¬ÐγɵÄÁ½ÖÖÑõ»¯ÎïΪCu2O£¨×©ºìÉ«£©ºÍCuO£¨ºÚÉ«£©£®
£¨1£©NΪHO2O2£¬µç×ÓʽΪ£º£¬W¡¢X¡¢YµÄÀë×Ó·Ö±ðΪO2-¡¢Al3+¡¢S2-£¬µç×Ó²ã½á¹¹ÏàͬµÄÀë×Ó£¬ºËµçºÉÊýÔ½´óÀë×Ӱ뾶ԽС£¬Àë×Óµç×Ó²ãÔ½¶àÀë×Ӱ뾶Խ´ó£¬¹ÊÀë×Ӱ뾶ÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòΪ£ºS2-£¾O2-£¾Al3+£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£»S2-£¾O2-£¾Al3+£»
£¨2£©¸ßÎÂʱÓùýÁ¿µÄ̼ÔÚµªÆøµÄ·ÕΧÖл¹ÔAl2O3µÃµ½AlN£¬·´Ó¦»¹Éú³ÉCO£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£ºN2+Al2O3+3C$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$2AlN+3CO£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºN2+Al2O3+3C$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$2AlN+3CO£»
£¨3£©³£ÎÂʱNaHSO3µÄÈÜÒºÈÜÒº³ÊÏÖ½ÏÇ¿µÄËáÐÔ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¬ËµÃ÷HSO3-µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚÆäË®½â³Ì¶È£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÇâÀë×ÓÔ´ÓÚË®ÓëµÄHSO3-µçÀ룬¹ÊÈÜÒºÖУ¨H+£©£¾c£¨SO32-£©£¬µçÀëÓëË®½â³Ì¶È¶¼²»´ó£¬¹ÊÈÜÒºÖÐÄÆÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÔö´ó£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨HSO3-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¬ËáÐÔÌõ¼þÏÂË®µÄµçÀëºÜ΢Èõ£¬¹ÊÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨SO32-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¬ÔòÈÜÒºÖи÷Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄÅÅÁÐ˳ÐòΪ£ºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HSO3-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨SO32-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HSO3-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨SO32-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£»
£¨4£©QµÄÇ⻯ÎïΪNH3£¬YµÄ×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯Îï¶ÔÓ¦µÄË®»¯ÎïΪH2SO4£¬·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒ»ÖÖÕýÑÎΪ£¨NH4£©2SO4£¬ÆäË®ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚ£ºNH4++H2O?NH3•H2O+H+£¬³ÊËáÐÔ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºË᣻NH4++H2O?NH3•H2O+H+£»
£¨5£©CuCl2ÈÜÒºÖлìÓÐFeCl3ÔÓÖÊʱ£¬¿É¼ÓÈëCuOµÈµ÷½ÚpH£¬ÔÙ¹ýÂ˳ýÈ¥£¬ÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈСÓÚ10-5mol/Lʱ³Áµí¾Í´ïÍêÈ«£¬ÓÉ10-35=c£¨Fe3+£©¡Ác3£¨OH-£©£¬¿ÉÖªc£¨OH-£©=10-10mol/L£¬¹ÊÈÜÒºpH=-lg$\frac{1{0}^{-14}}{1{0}^{-10}}$=4£¬Ó¦µ÷½ÚpH=4£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCuO£»4£»
£¨6£©¹¤ÒµÉÏ¿ÉÓøßÎÂÌõ¼þÏÂO2+Cu2S¨T2Cu+SO2À´Ò±Á¶½ðÊôCu£¬·´Ó¦ÖÐÖ»ÓÐSÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý¸ß£¬ÓÉ-2¼ÛÉý¸ßΪ+4¼Û£¬Éú³É1molCuʱµÃµ½¶þÑõ»¯ÁòΪ0.5mol£¬×ªÒƵĵç×Ó×ÜÊýΪ0.5mol¡Á6=3mol£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º3£®
µãÆÀ ±¾ÌâÖ÷Òª¿¼²éÔªËØÍƶϡ¢µç×Óʽ¡¢Î¢Á£°ë¾¶±È½Ï¡¢Àë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½Ï¡¢ÑÎÀàË®½â¡¢³Áµíת»¯Ó¦Óá¢ÈܶȻýÓйؼÆËã¡¢µç×ÓתÒÆÊýÄ¿¼ÆËãµÈ£¬ÍƶÏÔªËØÊǽâÌâµÄ¹Ø¼ü£¬ÐèҪѧÉú¾ß±¸ÔúʵµÄ»ù´¡Óë·ÖÎö½â¾öÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
A£® | Éý¸ßÎÂ¶È | B£® | Ôö´óBµÄŨ¶È | ||
C£® | Ôö´óѹǿ | D£® | ʹÓúÏÊʵĴ߻¯¼Á |
A£® | ÓÉÈýÂÈ»¯Ìúµ½ÇâÑõ»¯Ìú½ºÌåÓз¢Éú»¯Ñ§±ä»¯·¢Éú | |
B£® | ÇâÑõ»¯Ìú½ºÌåÈÜÒºµÄ¿ÅÁ£µÄÖ±¾¶ÔÚ10-9¡«10-7mÖ®¼ä | |
C£® | ¿ÉÒÔÓö¡´ï¶ûЧӦʵÑéÓÐЧ¼ø±ðÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒººÍÇâÑõ»¯ÌúÈÜÒº | |
D£® | ÈýÂÈ»¯Ìú¿ÉÓÃ×÷¾»Ë®¼Á |
£¨1£©ÂÁÔªËØÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íÖÐλÖõÚÈýÖÜÆÚµÚ¢óA×壬ÂÁÀë×ӵĽṹʾÒâͼΪ£®
£¨2£©Fe3+¡¢Al3+¡¢Cu2+ÈýÖÖ½ðÊôÑôÀë×ÓÑõ»¯ÐÔÓÐÇ¿µ½ÈõµÄÅÅÁÐ˳ÐòÊÇFe3+£¾Cu2+£¾Al3+£¬ÖÆÔìµç·°åµÄ¹¤ÒÕÖУ¬FeCl3ÈÜÒº¿ÉÒÔÊ´¿Ì¸Ö²£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ2Fe3++Cu=2Fe2++Cu2+£®
£¨3£©ÓëÃ÷·¯ÏàËÆ£¬ÁòËáÌúÒ²¿ÉÓÃ×÷¾»Ë®¼Á£¬µ«ÔÚʹÓÃʱ·¢ÏÖÁòËáÌú²¢²»ÄÜʹËáÐÔ·ÏË®ÖеÄÐü¸¡Îï³Á½µ³ýÈ¥£¬ÆäÔÒòÊÇFe3++3H2O?Fe£¨OH£©3£¨½ºÌ壩+3H+£¬ËáÐÔ·ÏË®ÒÖÖÆFe3+µÄË®½â£¬Ê¹Æä²»ÄÜÉú³ÉÓÐÎü¸½×÷ÓõÄFe£¨OH£©3½ºÌ壮
£¨4£©Ï±íÖУ¬¶Ô³ÂÊö¢ñ¡¢¢òµÄÕýÈ·ÐÔµÄÅж϶¼ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇBC£¨Ìîд×ÖĸÐòºÅ£©£®
Ñ¡Ïî | ³ÂÊö¢ñ | ³ÂÊö¢ò | ÅÐ¶Ï |
A | ÌúÊǵؿÇÖк¬Á¿×î¸ßµÄ½ðÊôÔªËØ | ÌúÊÇÈËÀà×îÔçʹÓõĽðÊô²ÄÁÏ | ¢ñ¶Ô£»¢ò¶Ô£® |
B | ÂÁ²Ôھƾ«µÆ»ðÑæÉϼÓÈÈÈÚ»¯µ«²»µÎÂä | ÂÁ²¶ÔÈÛ»¯µÄÂÁÓнÏÇ¿µÄÎü¸½×÷Óà | ¢ñ¶Ô£»¢ò´í£® |
C | ÂÁ·Û¿ÉÒÔºÍÑõ»¯Ìú·ÛÄ©·¢ÉúÂÁÈÈ·´Ó¦ | ÂÁÈÈ·´Ó¦Êǹ¤ÒµÁ¶Ìú×î³£Ó÷½·¨ | ¢ñ¶Ô£»¢ò´í£® |
D | ÍÔÚ³±Êª¿ÕÆøÖбíÃæ»áÉú³ÉÍÂÌ | ¿ÉÓÃÍÈÝÆ÷Ê¢·ÅŨÁòËá | ¢ñ¶Ô£»¢ò¶Ô£® |
¼× | ÒÒ | ±û | ¶¡ | |
A | Fe | FeCl3 | Fe £¨OH£©3 | Fe2O3 |
B | NaAlO2 | Al £¨OH£©3 | Al2O3 | Al |
C | Na | Na2O2 | Na2CO3 | NaCl |
D | SiO2 | H2SiO3 | Na2SiO3 | Si |
A£® | A | B£® | B | C£® | C | D£® | D |
A£® | 33.6L·ú»¯ÇâÖк¬ÓзúÔ×ÓµÄÊýĿΪ1.5NA | |
B£® | ³£Î³£Ñ¹Ï£¬7.0gÒÒÏ©Óë±ûÏ¡µÄ»ìºÏÎïÖк¬ÓÐÇâÔ×ÓµÄÊýĿΪNA | |
C£® | 50mL18.4 mol/LŨÁòËáÓë×ãÁ¿Í΢ÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬Éú³ÉSO2·Ö×ÓµÄÊýĿΪ0.46NA | |
D£® | ijÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷Ê¢ÓÐ0.1molN2ºÍ0.3molH2£¬ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þϳä·Ö·´Ó¦£¬×ªÒƵç×ÓµÄÊýĿΪ0.6NA |
A£® | ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬Ê¹ÃººÍÇâÆø×÷Ó㬿ÉÒԵõ½ÒºÌåȼÁÏ£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ½à¾»µÄȼÁÏÓÍ | |
B£® | £¨CH3£©2CHCH£¨CH3£©2µÄϵͳÃüÃûΪ£º2£¬3-¶þ¼×»ù¶¡Íé | |
C£® | Ó²Ö¬Ëá¸ÊÓÍõ¥¿ÉÒÔÔÚÏ¡ÁòËáÖÐË®½â£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔÔÚNaOHÈÜÒºÖз¢ÉúÔí»¯·´Ó¦³¹µ×Ë®½â | |
D£® | °±»ùËá·Ö×ÓÖоùº¬Óа±»ùºÍôÈ»ù£¬¼ÓÈëŨµÄÁòËáÄÆÈÜÒº¿É´ÓÈÜÒºÖÐÎö³ö |