ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
16£®·Ûú»ÒÊÇȼúµç³§µÄ·ÏÔü£¬Ö÷Òª³É·ÖΪSiO2¡¢Al2O3¡¢Fe2O3ºÍCµÈ£®ÊµÑéÊÒÄ£Ä⹤ҵ´Ó·Ûú»ÒÌáÈ¡»îÐÔAl2O3£¬ÆäÁ÷³ÌÈçͼ£ºÒÑÖªÉÕ½á¹ý³ÌµÄ²úÎïÖ÷ÒªÊÇ£ºNaAlO2¡¢Ca2SiO4¡¢NaFeO2ºÍNa2SiO3µÈ£®
£¨1£©Ð´³öÉÕ½á¹ý³ÌÖÐÂÁÔªËØת»¯µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽAl2O3+NaCO3$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$2Na AlO2+CO2¡ü£®
£¨2£©²Ù×÷aΪÀäÈ´¡¢ÑÐÄ¥£¬ÆäÖÐÑÐÄ¥µÄÄ¿µÄÊÇÌá¸ßÉÕ½á²úÎï½þ³öÂÊ£®
£¨3£©½þ³ö¹ý³ÌÖУ¬NaFeO2¿ÉÍêÈ«Ë®½â£¬Ë®½â·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪFeO2-+2H2O?Fe £¨OH£©3¡ý+OH-£®
£¨4£©²Ù×÷bµÄÃû³ÆÊǹýÂË£¬ËùÓõIJ£Á§ÒÇÆ÷ÓЩ¶·¡¢²£Á§°ôºÍÉÕ±£®
£¨5£©¡°Ì¼»¯¡±Ê±Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ³Áµí£¬³ÁµíµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªAl£¨OH£©3£®
·ÖÎö ·Ûú»ÒÊÇȼúµç³§µÄ·ÏÔü£¬Ö÷Òª³É·ÖΪSiO2¡¢Al2O3¡¢Fe2O3ºÍCµÈ£¬µ±¼ÓCaCO3¡¢Na2CO3½øÐÐÉսᣬ·¢ÉúAl2O3+Na2CO3$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$2NaAlO2+CO2¡ü¡¢Na2CO3+SiO2$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$Na2SiO3+CO2¡ü¡¢2CaCO3+SiO2$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$Ca2SiO4+2CO2¡ü¡¢Fe2O3+Na2CO3$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$2NaFeO2+CO2¡ü¡¢C+O2$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$CO2£¬ËùÒÔÆøÌåXΪCO2£¬²Ù×÷aΪÀäÈ´¡¢ÑÐÄ¥£¬¼ÓÈë̼ËáÄÆÈÜÒº½þ³ö£¬AlO2-+2H2O?Al£¨OH£©3+OH-£¬Ì¼ËáÄÆÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÒÖÖÆÆ«ÂÁËá¸ùÀë×ÓµÄË®½â£¬NaFeO2¿ÉÍêÈ«Ë®½â£¬FeO2-+2H2O=Fe£¨OH£©3¡ý+OH-£¬²Ù×÷b¹ýÂ˳öFe£¨OH£©3¡¢Ca2SiO4£¬¼ÓÈëÑõ»¯¸ÆÍѹ裬Ñõ»¯¸ÆºÍË®·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯¸Æ£¬ÇâÑõ»¯¸ÆºÍ¹èËá¸ùÀë×Ó·´Ó¦Éú³É¹èËá¸Æ³Áµí£¬²Ù×÷b¹ýÂ˳ö¹èËá¸Æ³Áµí£¬ÂËҺΪNaAlO2£¬Í¨Èë¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬Ì¼ËáËáÐÔÇ¿ÓÚÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬ËùÒÔ·¢Éú£ºNaAlO2+CO2+2H2O=NaHCO3+Al£¨OH£©3¡ý£¬¹ýÂ˳ö³ÁµíÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬¼ÓÈÈÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁÉú³ÉÑõ»¯ÂÁºÍË®£¬µç½âÑõ»¯ÂÁµÃµ½ÂÁºÍÑõÆø£¬¾Ý´Ë·ÖÎö£®
½â´ð ½â£º·Ûú»ÒÊÇȼúµç³§µÄ·ÏÔü£¬Ö÷Òª³É·ÖΪSiO2¡¢Al2O3¡¢Fe2O3ºÍCµÈ£¬µ±¼ÓCaCO3¡¢Na2CO3½øÐÐÉսᣬ·¢ÉúAl2O3+Na2CO3$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$2NaAlO2+CO2¡ü¡¢Na2CO3+SiO2$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$Na2SiO3+CO2¡ü¡¢2CaCO3+SiO2$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$Ca2SiO4+2CO2¡ü¡¢Fe2O3+Na2CO3$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$2NaFeO2+CO2¡ü¡¢C+O2$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$CO2£¬ËùÒÔÆøÌåXΪCO2£¬²Ù×÷aΪÀäÈ´¡¢ÑÐÄ¥£¬¼ÓÈë̼ËáÄÆÈÜÒº½þ³ö£¬AlO2-+2H2O?Al£¨OH£©3+OH-£¬Ì¼ËáÄÆÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÒÖÖÆÆ«ÂÁËá¸ùÀë×ÓµÄË®½â£¬NaFeO2¿ÉÍêÈ«Ë®½â£¬FeO2-+2H2O=Fe£¨OH£©3¡ý+OH-£¬²Ù×÷b¹ýÂ˳öFe£¨OH£©3¡¢Ca2SiO4£¬¼ÓÈëÑõ»¯¸ÆÍѹ裬Ñõ»¯¸ÆºÍË®·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯¸Æ£¬ÇâÑõ»¯¸ÆºÍ¹èËá¸ùÀë×Ó·´Ó¦Éú³É¹èËá¸Æ³Áµí£¬²Ù×÷b¹ýÂ˳ö¹èËá¸Æ³Áµí£¬ÂËҺΪNaAlO2£¬Í¨Èë¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬Ì¼ËáËáÐÔÇ¿ÓÚÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬ËùÒÔ·¢Éú£ºNaAlO2+CO2+2H2O=NaHCO3+Al£¨OH£©3¡ý£¬¹ýÂ˳ö³ÁµíÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬¼ÓÈÈÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁÉú³ÉÑõ»¯ÂÁºÍË®£¬µç½âÑõ»¯ÂÁµÃµ½ÂÁºÍÑõÆø£®
£¨1£©¡°Éսᡰ¹ý³ÌÖÐÑõ»¯ÂÁºÍ̼ËáÄÆ·´Ó¦£ºAl2O3+Na2CO3$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$2NaAlO2+CO2¡ü£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºAl2O3+Na2CO3$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$2NaAlO2+CO2¡ü£»
£¨2£©¡°Éսᡱ¹ý³ÌµÄ²úÎïÖ÷ÒªÊÇ£ºNaAlO2¡¢Ca2SiO4¡¢NaFeO2ºÍNa2SiO3µÈ£¬²Ù×÷aµÄÏÂÒ»²½Îª½þ³ö£¬²Ù×÷aΪÀäÈ´¡¢ÑÐÄ¥£¬ËùÒÔÑÐÄ¥µÄÄ¿µÄÊÇÌá¸ßÉÕ½á²úÎï½þ³öÂÊ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÌá¸ßÉÕ½á²úÎï½þ³öÂÊ£»
£¨3£©Ì¼ËáÄÆÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÒÖÖÆÆ«ÂÁËá¸ùÀë×ÓµÄË®½â£¬NaFeO2¿ÉÍêÈ«Ë®½â£¬FeO2-+2H2O=Fe£¨OH£©3¡ý+OH-£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºFeO2-+2H2O=Fe£¨OH£©3¡ý+OH-£»
£¨4£©½þ³öÒº¾¹ýÁ½´Î²Ù×÷b·ÖÀë³Áµí£¬ËùÒÔbΪ¹ýÂË£¬¹ýÂËʱÐèÒªÖÆ×÷¹ýÂËÆ÷µÄ©¶·¡¢¹Ì¶¨ÒÇÆ÷µÄÌú¼Ų̈¡¢ÒýÁ÷ÓõIJ£Á§°ô¡¢³Ð½ÓÂËÒºµÄÉÕ±£»ËùÒÔ»¹ÐèÓõIJ£Á§ÒÇÆ÷ÓЩ¶·¡¢²£Á§°ô£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¹ýÂË£»Â©¶·¡¢²£Á§°ô£»
£¨5£©²Ù×÷b¹ýÂ˳ö¹èËá¸Æ³Áµí£¬ÂËҺΪNaAlO2£¬Í¨Èë¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬Ì¼ËáËáÐÔÇ¿ÓÚÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬ËùÒÔ·¢Éú£ºNaAlO2+CO2+2H2O=NaHCO3+Al£¨OH£©3¡ý£¬ËùÒÔ¡°Ì¼»¯¡±Ê±Éú³É³ÁµíÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£»Al£¨OH£©3£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÎïÖʵķÖÀë¡¢Ìá´¿µÄ·½·¨µÄÓ¦Ó㬿¼²éѧÉú¶Ô¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³ÌµÄÀí½â¡¢ÔªËØ»¯ºÏÎïÐÔÖʵȣ¬Ã÷È·¸÷ÎïÖʵÄÐÔÖÊÊǽⱾÌâµÄ¹Ø¼ü£¬ÄѶȽϴó£®
A£® | ¿ÁÐÔ¼ØÈÜÒºÖÐKOHµÄÖÊÁ¿ÊÇ4.94g | |
B£® | ·´Ó¦ÖÐתÒƵç×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÊÇ0.21mol | |
C£® | Cl-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.09mol | |
D£® | ClO${\;}_{3}^{-}$µÄÉú³ÉÊÇÓÉÓÚKOH¹ýÁ¿ÒýÆðµÄ |
A£® | ÑõÆøºÍ³ôÑõ£¨O3£©ÊÇÑõÔªËصÄͬËØÒìÐÎÌå | |
B£® | ÒÒËáºÍ¼×Ëá¼×õ¥ÊÇͬ·ÖÒì¹¹Ìå | |
C£® | 12CºÍ13C»¥ÎªÍ¬Î»ËØ | |
D£® | ÈíÖ¬ËᣨC15H31COOH£©ºÍÓÍËᣨC17H33COOH£©ÊÇͬϵÎï |
A£® | ÓÉAl¡¢Cu¡¢Ï¡H2SO4×é³ÉÔµç³Ø£¬Æ为¼«·´Ó¦Ê½Îª£ºAl-3e-=Al3+ | |
B£® | ÓÉMg¡¢Al¡¢NaOHÈÜÒº×é³ÉÔµç³Ø£¬Æ为¼«·´Ó¦Ê½Îª£ºAl-3e-+3OH¡¥=Al£¨OH£©3 | |
C£® | ÓÉFe¡¢Cu¡¢FeCl3ÈÜÒº×é³ÉÔµç³Ø£¬Æ为¼«·´Ó¦Ê½Îª£ºFe-2e-=Fe2+ | |
D£® | ÓÉFe¡¢Cu¡¢Å¨ÏõËá×é³ÉµÄÔµç³Ø£¬¿ªÊ¼Ê±Æ为¼«·´Ó¦Ê½Îª£ºCu-2e-=Cu2+ |
A£® | $\frac{3}{8}$ mol | B£® | $\frac{8}{3}$ mol | C£® | $\frac{2}{3}$ mol | D£® | $\frac{3}{2}$ mol |
A£® | ¶Ô·Ï¾Éµç³Ø½øÐлØÊÕ´¦Àí | |
B£® | ½ûÖ¹Éú²ú¡¢ÏúÊÛ¡¢Ê¹Ó󬱡ËÜÁϹºÎï´ü | |
C£® | ¶Ô¾ÛÒÒÏ©µÈËÜÁÏÀ¬»ø½øÐÐÉîÂñ»òÇãµ¹È뺣 | |
D£® | ʹÓÃÕÓÆø¡¢Ì«ÑôÄÜ¡¢·çÄܵÈÄÜÔ´Ìæ´ú´«Í³µÄú̿ |
A£® | ÓÃÖؽᾧµÄ·½·¨·ÖÀë±½¼×ËáºÍÂÈ»¯ÄƵĻìºÏÎï | |
B£® | Óñ½ºÍäåË®ÔÚFe´ß»¯Ï¿ÉÖƵÃäå±½ | |
C£® | ÓÃÒÒ´¼¡¢±ù´×ËáºÍpH=1µÄH2SO4ÈÜÒº»ìºÏ¼ÓÈÈ¿ÉÖƱ¸ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥ | |
D£® | ½«µçʯÓëË®·´Ó¦ºóµÄÆøÌåÖ±½ÓͨÈëµ½äåË®ÖУ¬¿ÉÒÔÑéÖ¤ÒÒȲÄÜʹäåË®ÍÊÉ«µÄÐÔÖÊ |