ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
10£®±¥ºÍʳÑÎË®ÖмÓÈë̼ËáÇâ刺ÉÖƱ¸Ð¡ËÕ´ò£¬Â˳öСËÕ´òºó£¬ÏòĸҺÖÐͨÈë°±£¬ÔÙÀäÈ´¡¢¼ÓʳÑΣ¬¹ýÂË£¬µÃµ½ÂÈ»¯ï§¹ÌÌ壮ÏÂÁзÖÎö´íÎóµÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©A£® | ¸ÃÖƱ¸Ð¡ËÕ´òµÄ·½³ÌʽΪ£ºNaCl+NH4HCO3¡úNaHCO3¡ý+NH4Cl | |
B£® | ĸҺÖÐͨÈëµÄ°±ÆøÓëHCO3-·´Ó¦£ºNH3+HCO3-¡úCO32-+NH4+ | |
C£® | ¼ÓʳÑÎÊÇΪÔö´óÈÜÒºÖÐCl-µÄŨ¶È | |
D£® | ÓÉÌâ¿É֪ζȽϵÍʱ£¬ÂÈ»¯ï§µÄÈܽâ¶È±ÈÂÈ»¯ÄƵĴó |
·ÖÎö A¡¢¸ù¾ÝºîÊÏÖƼ¢ÙNH3+CO2+H2O=NH4HCO3¢ÚNH4HCO3+NaCl=NaHCO3¡ý+NH4Cl¢Û2NaHCO3=Na2CO3+H2O+CO2¡üÀ´·ÖÎö£»
B¡¢Â˳öСËÕ´òºó£¬Ä¸ÒºÖк¬ÉÙÁ¿µÄNaHCO3ºÍNH4Cl£»
C¡¢¼ÓʳÑÎÔö´óÈÜÒºÖÐCl-µÄŨ¶ÈÓÐÖúÓÚNH4ClµÄÎö³ö£»
D¡¢NH4HCO3+NaCl=NaHCO3¡ý+NH4ClµÄ·¢ÉúÊÇÓÉÓÚNaHCO3µÄÈܽâ¶ÈСÓÚNaClµÄÈܽâ¶È£®
½â´ð ½â£ºA¡¢¸ù¾ÝºîÊÏÖƼ¢ÙNH3+CO2+H2O=NH4HCO3¢ÚNH4HCO3+NaCl=NaHCO3¡ý+NH4Cl¡¡¡¡¢Û2NaHCO3=Na2CO3+H2O+CO2¡ü¿ÉÖª£¬¸ÃÖƱ¸Ð¡ËÕ´òµÄ·½³ÌʽΪ£ºNaCl+NH4HCO3¡úNaHCO3¡ý+NH4Cl£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»
B¡¢Â˳öСËÕ´òºó£¬Ä¸ÒºÖк¬ÉÙÁ¿µÄNaHCO3ºÍNH4Cl£¬¹Ê¼ÓÈ백ˮºóÄÜ·¢Éú·´Ó¦£ºNH3+HCO3-¡úCO32-+NH4+£¬¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
C¡¢¼ÓʳÑÎÔö´óÈÜÒºÖÐCl-µÄŨ¶È£¬ÄܽµµÍNH4ClµÄÈܽâ¶È£¬ÓÐÖúÓÚNH4ClµÄÎö³ö£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D¡¢NH4HCO3+NaCl=NaHCO3¡ý+NH4ClµÄ·¢ÉúÊÇÓÉÓÚNaHCO3µÄÈܽâ¶ÈСÓÚNaClµÄÈܽâ¶È£¬NaHCO3¸üÒ×Îö³ö£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£®
¹ÊÑ¡D£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËСËÕ´òµÄÖƱ¸£¬Ó¦×¢ÒâºîÊÏÖƼ֪ʶµÄǨÒÆÔËÓã¬ÄѶȲ»´ó£®
A£® | A3BC4 | B£® | A2£¨BC4£©3 | C£® | A2BC3 | D£® | A2BC4 |
A£® | ζÈÉý¸ß£¬c£¨H2PO4-£©Ôö´ó | |
B£® | ¼ÓˮϡÊͺó£¬m£¨H+£©Óëm£¨OH-£©µÄ³Ë»ý¼õÉÙ | |
C£® | c£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨H2PO4-£©+2c£¨HPO42-£©+3c£¨PO43-£© | |
D£® | c£¨Na+£©=c£¨H2PO4-£©+c£¨HPO42-£©+C£¨H3PO4£© |
ÈõËáµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ | CH3COOH | HCN | H2S |
µçÀë³£Êý | 1.8¡Á10-4 | 4.9¡Á10-11 | Ki=1.3¡Á10-1 Kr=7.1¡Á10-15 |
A£® | µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄ¸÷ÈÜÒºpH¹ØϵΪpH£¨CH3COONa£©£¾pH£¨Na2S£©£¾pH£¨NaCN£© | |
B£® | amol/LHCNÓëbmol/LNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CN-£©£¬ÔòaÒ»¶¨Ð¡ÓÚ»òµÈÓÚb | |
C£® | NaHSºÍNa2SµÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУ¬Ò»¶¨´æÔÚc£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨HS-£©+2c£¨S2-£© | |
D£® | ijŨ¶ÈµÄNaCNÈÜÒºµÄpH=d£¬ÔòÆäÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨OH-£©=10-dmol/L |
A£® | 0.1mol•L-1µÄNa2SÈÜÒº£ºc£¨Na+£©=2c£¨HS-£©+2c£¨S2-£©+2c£¨H2S£© | |
B£® | ³£ÎÂÏ£¬pH=2µÄÑÎËáºÍpH=12µÄ°±Ë®µÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£ºc£¨Cl-£©£¾c£¨NH4+£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£© | |
C£® | 0.1mol•L-1µÄNH4NO3ÈÜÒº£ºc£¨NH4+£©=c£¨NO3-£© | |
D£® | ³£ÎÂÏ£¬pH=3µÄH2SO3ÈÜÒº£ºc£¨H+£©=c£¨HSO3-£©=1¡Á10-5mol•L-1 |
·´Ó¦Àú³ÌΪ¢ÙO3¨T02+O£¨Âý£©£»¢ÚO3+O¨T2O2£¨¿ì£©£®ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£º£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£® | ³ôÑõ±ÈÑõÆøÎȶ¨ | B£® | ³ôÑõ·Ö½âµÄ·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÓɲ½Öè¢Ù¾ö¶¨ | ||
C£® | ·´Ó¦µÄ»î»¯ÄܵÈÓÚ285kJ•mol-1 | D£® | ÑõÔ×ÓÊǸ÷´Ó¦µÄ´ß»¯¼Á |
A£® | ³£ÎÂ϶¼¿ÉÓÃпÖÆÈÝÆ÷Öü´æ | B£® | ³£ÎÂ϶¼ÄÜÓëͽϿ췴Ӧ | ||
C£® | ¶ÖÃÓÚ¿ÕÆøÖУ¬ÈÜÒºÖÊÁ¿¾ù¼õÇá | D£® | ¶ÖÃÓÚ¿ÕÆøÖУ¬ÈÜҺŨ¶È¾ù½µµÍ |