ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
11£®ÈçͼËùʾΪԵç³Ø×°ÖÃʾÒâͼ£®£¨1£©ÈôAΪZn£¬BΪʯī°ô£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪϡÁòËᣬÔòAµç¼«Îª¸º¼«£¨Ìî¡°Õý¡±»ò¡°¸º¡±£©£¬Ð´³öÕý¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½2H++2e-=H2¡ü£»
£¨2£©ÈôAΪCu£¬BΪFe£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪCuCl2ÈÜÒº£¬ÔòCuƬ×÷ΪÕý¼«£¨Ìî¡°Õý¡±»ò¡°¸º¡±£©£¬Ð´³öÕý¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½Cu2++2e-=Cu£¬Èôµ¼ÏßÉÏÓÐ1molµç×Óͨ¹ýʱ£¬ÀíÂÛÉÏ»áÏûºÄÌúƬ28g£®
£¨3£©ÈôAΪFe£¬BΪʯī°ô£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬ÓÃÒ»¸ù²£Á§µ¼¹Ü²»¶ÏÏòÈÜÒºÖйÄÈë¿ÕÆø£¬ÔÚµçÁ÷´ÓBÁ÷ÏòA£¨Ìî×ÖĸA»òB£©£¬Ð´³öÕý¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½£ºO2+H2O+4e-=4OH-£®
£¨4£©ÈôA¡¢B¾ùΪ½ðÊô²¬£¨pt£©Æ¬£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪϡÁòËᣬ·Ö±ð´ÓA¡¢BÁ½¼«Í¨ÈëH2ºÍO2 £¬¸Ãµç³Ø¼´ÎªÈ¼Áϵç³Ø£¬Í¨ÈëO2µÄÒ»¼«Îª¸Ãµç³ØµÄÕý¼«£¨Ìî¡°Õý¡±»ò¡°¸º¡±£©£¬Ð´³öÕý¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½O2+4H++4e-=2H2O£®
£¨5£©ÈôAΪMg£¬BΪAl£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪNaOHÈÜÒº£¬ÔòAµç¼«ÎªÕý¼«£¨Ìî¡°Õý¡±»ò¡°¸º¡±£©£¬Ð´³ö¸º¼«µç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½2Al-6e-+8OH-=2AlO2-+4H2O£¬Èô½«NaOHÈÜÒº»»³ÉÏ¡ÁòËᣬÔò´ËʱAµç¼«Îª¸º¼«£¨Ìî¡°Õý¡±»ò¡°¸º¡±£©£¬µç³Ø×Ü·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪMg+2H+=Mg2++H2¡ü£»
£¨6£©ÈôAB¾ùΪ½ðÊô²¬£¨Pt£©Æ¬£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪKOHÈÜÒº£¬·Ö±ð´ÓABÁ½¼«Í¨ÈëCH4ºÍO2 £¬¸Ãµç³Ø¼´Îª¼×ÍéȼÁϵç³Ø£¬Í¨ÈëCH4µÄÒ»¼«Îª¸Ãµç³ØµÄ¸º¼«£¨Ìî¡°Õý¡±»ò¡°¸º¡±£©£¬Ð´³ö¸Ãµç¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½CH4+10OH--8e-=CO32-+7H2O£¬µç³Ø×Ü·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪCH4+2O2+2OH-¨TCO32-+3H2O£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©¸ÃÔµç³ØÖУ¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪϡÁòËáʱ£¬Ð¿Ò×ʧµç×Ó×÷¸º¼«¡¢CuΪÕý¼«£¬Õý¼«ÉÏÇâÀë×ӷŵçÉú³ÉÇâÆø£»
£¨2£©Ìú±ÈÍ»îÆã¬ÌúΪ¸º¼«£¬ÍΪÕý¼«£»
£¨3£©ÈôAΪFe£¬BΪʯī°ô£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬ÓÃÒ»¸ù²£Á§µ¼¹Ü²»¶ÏÏòÈÜÒºÖйÄÈë¿ÕÆø£¬·¢ÉúÎüÑõ¸¯Ê´£¬ÌúΪ¸º¼«£¬Ê¯Ä«ÎªÕý¼«£»
£¨4£©ÈôA¡¢B¾ùΪ½ðÊô²¬£¨pt£©Æ¬£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪϡÁòËᣬ·Ö±ð´ÓA¡¢BÁ½¼«Í¨ÈëH2ºÍO2 £¬¸Ãµç³Ø¼´ÎªÈ¼Áϵç³Ø£¬ÑõÆøΪÕý¼«£¬ÇâÆøµÄΪ¸º¼«£»
£¨5£©ÈôAΪMg£¬BΪAl£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪNaOHÈÜÒº£¬ÂÁΪ¸º¼«£¬Ã¾ÎªÕý¼«£»Èô½«NaOHÈÜÒº»»³ÉÏ¡ÁòËᣬþΪ¸º¼«£»
£¨6£©ÈôAB¾ùΪ½ðÊô²¬£¨Pt£©Æ¬£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪKOHÈÜÒº£¬·Ö±ð´ÓABÁ½¼«Í¨ÈëCH4ºÍO2 £¬¸Ãµç³Ø¼´Îª¼×ÍéȼÁϵç³Ø£¬Í¨ÈëCH4µÄÒ»¼«Îª¸º¼«£¬±»Ñõ»¯£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©¸ÃÔµç³ØÖУ¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪϡÁòËáʱ£¬Ð¿Ò×ʧµç×Ó×÷¸º¼«¡¢CuΪÕý¼«£¬Õý¼«ÉÏÇâÀë×ӷŵçÉú³ÉÇâÆø£¬µç¼«·´Ó¦Îª2H++2e-=H2¡ü£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¸º£»2H++2e-=H2¡ü£»
£¨2£©Ìú±ÈÍ»îÆã¬ÌúΪ¸º¼«£¬ÍΪÕý¼«£¬Õý¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½ÎªCu2++2e-=Cu£¬¸º¼«ÎªFe-2e-=Fe2+£¬Èôµ¼ÏßÉÏÓÐ1molµç×Óͨ¹ýʱ£¬ÀíÂÛÉÏ»áÏûºÄÌúƬ0.5mol£¬ÖÊÁ¿Îª0.5mol¡Á56g/mol=28g£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÕý£»Cu2++2e-=Cu£»28g£»
£¨3£©ÈôAΪFe£¬BΪʯī°ô£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬ÓÃÒ»¸ù²£Á§µ¼¹Ü²»¶ÏÏòÈÜÒºÖйÄÈë¿ÕÆø£¬·¢ÉúÎüÑõ¸¯Ê´£¬ÌúΪ¸º¼«£¬Ê¯Ä«ÎªÕý¼«£¬µçÁ÷ÓÉʯī¾µ¼ÏßÁ÷ÏòÌú¼«£¬Õý¼«·¢Éú»¹Ô·´Ó¦£¬µç¼«·½³ÌʽΪO2+H2O+4e-=4OH-£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºB£»A£»O2+H2O+4e-=4OH-£»
£¨4£©ÈôA¡¢B¾ùΪ½ðÊô²¬£¨pt£©Æ¬£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪϡÁòËᣬ·Ö±ð´ÓA¡¢BÁ½¼«Í¨ÈëH2ºÍO2 £¬¸Ãµç³Ø¼´ÎªÈ¼Áϵç³Ø£¬ÑõÆøΪÕý¼«£¬ÇâÆøµÄΪ¸º¼«£¬Õý¼«·´Ó¦ÎªO2+4H++4e-=2H2O£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÕý£»O2+4H++4e-=2H2O£»
£¨5£©ÈôAΪMg£¬BΪAl£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪNaOHÈÜÒº£¬ÂÁΪ¸º¼«£¬Ã¾ÎªÕý¼«£¬¸º¼«µç¼«·½³ÌʽΪ2Al-6e-+8OH-=2AlO2-+4H2O£¬Èô½«NaOHÈÜÒº»»³ÉÏ¡ÁòËᣬþΪ¸º¼«£¬µç³Ø×Ü·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪMg+2H+=Mg2++H2¡ü£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÕý£»2Al-6e-+8OH-=2AlO2-+4H2O£»¸º£»Mg+2H+=Mg2++H2¡ü£»
£¨6£©ÈôAB¾ùΪ½ðÊô²¬£¨Pt£©Æ¬£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪKOHÈÜÒº£¬·Ö±ð´ÓABÁ½¼«Í¨ÈëCH4ºÍO2 £¬¸Ãµç³Ø¼´Îª¼×ÍéȼÁϵç³Ø£¬Í¨ÈëCH4µÄÒ»¼«Îª¸º¼«£¬±»Ñõ»¯£¬µç¼«·½³ÌʽΪCH4+10OH--8e-=CO32-+7H2O£¬µç³Ø×Ü·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪCH4+2O2+2OH-¨TCO32-+3H2O£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¸º£»CH4+10OH--8e-=CO32-+7H2O£»CH4+2O2+2OH-¨TCO32-+3H2O£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ìâ×ۺϿ¼²éÁËÔµç³ØÔÀí£¬Îª¸ßƵ¿¼µã£¬Ã÷È·Ôµç³ØÕý¸º¼«µÄÅжϷ½·¨ÊǽⱾÌâ¹Ø¼ü£¬Ôµç³ØÔÀíÊǸßÖл¯Ñ§µÄÖصãÒ²ÊÇÄѵ㣬ҪעÒâÕÆÎÕÔµç³ØÔÀí£¬°ÑÎÕ±¾ÖÊ£¬ÕýÈ·Êéдµç¼«·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
A£® | Óñ½ÝÍÈ¡µâË®ÖеĵⵥÖÊ | |
B£® | Ó÷ÖҺ©¶··ÖÀëË®ÓëÒÒËáÒÒõ¥µÄ»ìºÏÎï | |
C£® | ÓÃËáÐÔ¸ßÃÌËá¼ØÈÜÒº³ýÈ¥¼×ÍéÖлìÓеÄÉÙÁ¿ÒÒÏ©£¬ÒÔ»ñµÃ´¿¾»µÄ¼×Íé | |
D£® | ³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«ÌúƬ½þÈëŨÁòËáÖÐƬ¿Ì£¬È¡³öÏ´¾»£¬ÔÙ½þÈëCuSO4ÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÎÞÏÖÏó£¬ÄÜÖ¤Ã÷Ìú±»Å¨ÁòËá¶Û»¯ |
A£® | ±½ºÍ¼×±½¶¼ÄÜÓëŨÏõËá·¢Éú±½»·ÉϵÄÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦ | |
B£® | ±½ºÍ¼×±½¶¼ÄÜʹËáÐÔ¸ßÃÌËá¼ØÈÜÒºÍÊÉ« | |
C£® | ±½ºÍ¼ºÈ²¶¼ÄÜʹäåµÄËÄÂÈ»¯Ì¼ÈÜÒº·¢Éú»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦¶øÍÊÉ« | |
D£® | ±½ºÍÒÒÍéÓë±Ëص¥ÖÊ·¢ÉúÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦¶¼ÐèÒªÌú×÷´ß»¯¼Á |