ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ

4£®ÒÑÖªA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢E¶¼ÊÇÖÜÆÚ±íÖÐÇ°ËÄÖÜÆÚµÄÔªËØ£¬ËüÃǵĺ˵çºÉÊýA£¼B£¼C£¼D£¼E£®ÆäÖÐA¡¢B¡¢CÊÇͬһÖÜÆڵķǽðÊôÔªËØ£®»¯ºÏÎïDCÀë×Ó»¯ºÏÎDµÄ¶þ¼ÛÑôÀë×ÓÓëCµÄÒõÀë×Ó¾ßÓÐÏàͬµÄµç×Ó²ã½á¹¹£®AC2Ϊ·Ç¼«ÐÔ·Ö×Ó£®B¡¢CµÄÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·Ðµã±ÈËüÃÇͬ×åÏàÁÚÖÜÆÚÔªËØÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·Ðµã¸ß£®EµÄÔ­×ÓÐòÊýΪ24£¬ECl3ÄÜÓëB¡¢CµÄÇ⻯ÎïÐγÉÁùÅäλµÄÅäºÏÎÇÒÁ½ÖÖÅäÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈΪ2£º1£¬Èý¸öÂÈÀë×ÓλÓÚÍâ½ç£®Çë¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉÏÇé¿ö£¬»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣨´ðÌâʱ£¬A¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢EÓÃËù¶ÔÓ¦µÄÔªËØ·ûºÅ±íʾ£©
£¨1£©A¡¢B¡¢CµÄµÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜÓÉСµ½´óµÄ˳ÐòΪC£¼O£¼N£®
£¨2£©BµÄÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·Ö×ӿռ乹ÐÍÊÇÈý½Ç׶ÐÍ£¬ÆäÖÐÐÄÔ­×Ó²ÉÈ¡sp3ÔÓ»¯£®
£¨3£©Ò»ÖÖÓÉB¡¢C×é³ÉµÄ»¯ºÏÎïÓëAC2»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壬Æ仯ѧʽʽΪN2O£®
£¨4£©EµÄºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½ÊÇ1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1£¬ECl3ÓëB¡¢CµÄÇ⻯ÎïÐγɵÄÅäºÏÎïµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½Îª[Cr£¨NH3£©4£¨H2O£©2]Cl3£®
£¨5£©BµÄ×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯Îï¶ÔÓ¦µÄË®»¯ÎïµÄÏ¡ÈÜÒºÓëDµÄµ¥ÖÊ·´Ó¦Ê±£¬B±»»¹Ô­µ½×îµÍ¼Û£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇ4Mg+10HNO3=4Mg£¨NO3£©2+NH4NO3+3H2O£®

·ÖÎö A¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢E¶¼ÊÇÖÜÆÚ±íÖÐÇ°ËÄÖÜÆÚµÄÔªËØ£¬ËüÃǵĺ˵çºÉÊýA£¼B£¼C£¼D£¼E»¯ºÏÎïDCµÄ¾§ÌåΪÀë×Ó¾§Ì壬DµÄ¶þ¼ÛÑôÀë×ÓÓëCµÄÒõÀë×Ó¾ßÓÐÏàͬµÄµç×Ó²ã½á¹¹£¬CÐγÉ-2¼ÛÒõÀë×Ó£¬ÇÒDλÓÚCµÄÏÂÒ»ÖÜÆÚ£¬B¡¢CµÄÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·Ðµã±ÈËüÃÇͬ×åÏàÁÚÖÜÆÚÔªËØÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·Ðµã¸ß£¬·Ö×ÓÖдæÔÚÇâ¼ü£¬CÐγÉ-2¼ÛÒõÀë×Ó£¬ÔòCΪÑõÔªËØ£¬DΪþԪËØ£¬ºËµçºÉÊýB£¼C£¬ÔòBΪµªÔªËØ£»ÆäÖÐA¡¢B¡¢CÊÇͬһÖÜÆڵķǽðÊôÔªËØ£¬AC2Ϊ·Ç¼«ÐÔ·Ö×Ó£¬ÔòAΪ̼ԪËØ£»EµÄÔ­×ÓÐòÊýΪ24£¬ÔòEΪCrÔªËØ£»CrCl3ÄÜÓëNH3¡¢H2OÐγÉÁùÅäλµÄÅäºÏÎÇÒÁ½ÖÖÅäÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈΪ2£º1£¬ÔòÅäÌåÖÐÓÐ4¸öNH3¡¢2¸öH2O£¬Èý¸öÂÈÀë×ÓλÓÚÍâ½ç£¬¸ÃÅäºÏÎïΪ[Cr£¨NH3£©4£¨H2O£©2]Cl3£®

½â´ð ½â£ºA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢E¶¼ÊÇÖÜÆÚ±íÖÐÇ°ËÄÖÜÆÚµÄÔªËØ£¬ËüÃǵĺ˵çºÉÊýA£¼B£¼C£¼D£¼E»¯ºÏÎïDCµÄ¾§ÌåΪÀë×Ó¾§Ì壬DµÄ¶þ¼ÛÑôÀë×ÓÓëCµÄÒõÀë×Ó¾ßÓÐÏàͬµÄµç×Ó²ã½á¹¹£¬CÐγÉ-2¼ÛÒõÀë×Ó£¬ÇÒDλÓÚCµÄÏÂÒ»ÖÜÆÚ£¬B¡¢CµÄÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·Ðµã±ÈËüÃÇͬ×åÏàÁÚÖÜÆÚÔªËØÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·Ðµã¸ß£¬·Ö×ÓÖÐÓ¦´æÔÚÇâ¼ü£¬CÐγÉ-2¼ÛÒõÀë×Ó£¬ÔòCΪÑõÔªËØ£¬DΪþԪËØ£¬ºËµçºÉÊýB£¼C£¬ÔòBΪµªÔªËØ£»ÆäÖÐA¡¢B¡¢CÊÇͬһÖÜÆڵķǽðÊôÔªËØ£¬AC2Ϊ·Ç¼«ÐÔ·Ö×Ó£¬ÔòAΪ̼ԪËØ£»EµÄÔ­×ÓÐòÊýΪ24£¬ÔòEΪCrÔªËØ£»CrCl3ÄÜÓëNH3¡¢H2OÐγÉÁùÅäλµÄÅäºÏÎÇÒÁ½ÖÖÅäÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈΪ2£º1£¬ÔòÅäÌåÖÐÓÐ4¸öNH3¡¢2¸öH2O£¬Èý¸öÂÈÀë×ÓλÓÚÍâ½ç£¬¸ÃÅäºÏÎïΪ[Cr£¨NH3£©4£¨H2O£©2]Cl3£®
¹ÊAΪ̼ԪËØ£»BΪµªÔªËØ£»CΪÑõÔªËØ£¬DΪþԪËØ£¬EΪCrÔªËØ£®
£¨1£©AΪ̼ԪËØ¡¢BΪµªÔªËØ¡¢CΪÑõÔªËØ£¬Í¬ÖÜÆÚ×Ô×ó¶øÓÒµÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜÔö´ó£¬µªÔªËØÔ­×Ó2pÄܼ¶ÓÐ3¸öµç×Ó£¬´¦ÓÚ°ëÂúÎȶ¨×´Ì¬£¬µç×ÓÄÜÁ¿µÍ£¬µªÔªËصÚÒ»µçÀëÄܸßÓÚÏàÁÚµÄÔªËصģ¬ËùÒÔµÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜÓÉСµ½´óµÄ˳ÐòΪC£¼O£¼N£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºC£¼O£¼N£»
£¨2£©BΪµªÔªËØ£¬ÆäÇ⻯ÎïΪNH3£¬·Ö×ÓÖк¬ÓÐ3¸öN-H¼ü£¬NÔ­×ÓÓÐ1¶Ô¹Â¶Ôµç×Ó¶Ô£¬ÔÓ»¯¹ìµÀÊýΪ4£¬NÔ­×Ó²ÉÈ¡sp3ÔÓ»¯£¬¿Õ¼ä¹¹ÐÍΪÈý½Ç׶ÐÍ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÈý½Ç׶ÐÍ£»sp3£»
£¨3£©»¯ºÏÎïAC2ÊÇCO2£¬Ò»ÖÖÓÉNÔªËØ¡¢OÔªËØ»¯ºÏÎïÓëCO2»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壬Æ仯ѧʽΪN2O£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºN2O£»
£¨4£©EΪCrÔªËØ£¬Ô­×ÓÐòÊýΪ24£¬Ô­×ÓºËÍâÓÐ24¸öµç×Ó£¬ºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½ÊÇ 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1£»CrCl3ÄÜÓëNH3¡¢H2OÐγÉÁùÅäλµÄÅäºÏÎÇÒÁ½ÖÖÅäÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈΪ2£º1£¬ÔòÅäÌåÖÐÓÐ4¸öNH3¡¢2¸öH2O£¬Èý¸öÂÈÀë×ÓλÓÚÍâ½ç£¬¸ÃÅäºÏÎïΪ[Cr£¨NH3£©4£¨H2O£©2]Cl3£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1£»[Cr£¨NH3£©4£¨H2O£©2]Cl3£»
£¨5£©BµÄ×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯Îï¶ÔÓ¦µÄË®»¯ÎïΪHNO3£¬DµÄµ¥ÖÊΪMg£¬HNO3Ï¡ÈÜÒºÓëMg·´Ó¦Ê±£¬NÔªËر»»¹Ô­µ½×îµÍ¼Û£¬ÔòÉú³ÉNH4NO3£¬Mg±»Ñõ»¯ÎªMg£¨NO3£©2£¬ÁîNH4NO3£¬Mg£¨NO3£©2µÄ»¯Ñ§¼ÆÁ¿Êý·Ö±ðΪx¡¢y£¬Ôò¸ù¾Ýµç×ÓתÒÆÊغãÓÐ[5-£¨-3£©]¡Áx=2y£¬ËùÒÔx£ºy=4£º1£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇ4Mg+10HNO3=4Mg£¨NO3£©2+NH4NO3+3H2O£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º4Mg+10HNO3=4Mg£¨NO3£©2+NH4NO3+3H2O£®

µãÆÀ ÌâÄ¿×ÛºÏÐԽϴó£¬Éæ¼°½á¹¹ÐÔÖÊԽλÖùØϵ¡¢ÔªËØÖÜÆÚÂÉ¡¢µç×ÓʽÓëºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼¡¢ÅäºÏÎïÓëÔÓ»¯ÀíÂÛ¡¢·Ö×ӽṹ£¬Ñõ»¯»¹Ô­·´Ó¦µÈ£¬ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬ÊÇÎïÖʽṹµÄ×ÛºÏÐÔÌâÄ¿£¬ÊǶÔѧÉú×ÛºÏÄÜÁ¦µÄ¿¼²é£¬Ç⻯ÎïµÄ·Ðµã±ÈËüÃÇͬ×åÏàÁÚÖÜÆÚÔªËØÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·Ðµã¸ßÊÇÍƶϵÄÍ»ÆÆ¿Ú£®

Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
15£®ÒÑÖªÎïÖÊA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢EÊÇÓɶÌÖÜÆÚÔªËع¹³ÉµÄµ¥ÖÊ»ò»¯ºÏÎËüÃÇ¿É·¢ÉúÈçͼËùʾµÄת»¯¹Øϵ£º
£¨1£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪµãȼ£¬Ä¿Ç°60%µÄB¶¼ÊÇ´Óº£Ë®ÖÐÌáÈ¡µÄ£¬ÆøÌåD¿ÉÒÔʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬Ð´³öCÓëH2O·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽMg3N2+6H2O=3Mg£¨OH£©2+2NH3£®ÉÏÊÀ¼Í60Äê´ú¾ÍÓÐÈ˽«ÆøÌåD×÷ΪȼÁϵç³ØµÄȼÁÏÔ´½øÐÐÁËÊÔÑ飬ÖƳÉD-¿ÕÆøȼÁϵç³Øϵͳ£¬×Ü·´Ó¦Ê½Îª£ºD+O2¡úA+H2O£¨Î´Åäƽ£©£¬Ð´³ö´Ë¼îÐÔȼÁϵç³ØµÄ¸º¼«·´Ó¦Ê½£º2NH3+6OH--6e-=N2+6H2O£®
£¨2£©a£®ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ¼ÓÈÈ£¬EÊÇÒ»ÖÖÁ½ÐÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎÆøÌåDÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓгô¼¦µ°ÆøζµÄÆøÌ壬ÆäË®ÈÜÒºÊÇ »¹Ô­ÐÔËᣬд³öDÓëNaOHµÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿»ìºÏµÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£ºH2S+OH-=HS-+H2O£®
b£®ÒÑÖªÁíÒ»ÖÖ»¹Ô­ÐÔËá²ÝËáΪ¶þÔªÖÐÇ¿Ëᣬ²ÝËáÇâÄÆ£¨NaHC2O4£©Ë®ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇD
A£®²ÝËáÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº»ìºÏ³ÊÖÐÐÔʱ£¬ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚ£ºc£¨Na+£©=c£¨HC2O4-£©+c£¨C2O42-£©
B£®NaHC2O4ÓëNaClOÈÜÒº»ìºÏ£¬·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£ºHC2O4-+ClO-=HClO+C2O42
C£®²ÝËáï§ÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨NH4+£©=2c£¨H2C2O4£©+2c£¨HC2O4-£©+2c£¨C2O42-£©
D£®²ÝËáʹËáÐÔKMnO4ÈÜÒºÍÊÉ«£¬ÆäÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£º5H2C2O4+2MnO4-+6H+=2Mn2++10CO2¡ü+8H2O
£¨3£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ³£Î£¬BºÍDΪͬһÖÖÎÞÉ«ÆøÌ壬³£ÎÂÏÂEµÄŨÈÜÒº¿ÉÒÔʹFe¶Û»¯£¬Ð´³ö¹ýÁ¿Fe·ÛÓëEµÄÏ¡ÈÜÒºÔÚ¼ÓÈÈÌõ¼þÏ·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º3Fe+8HNO3£¨Ï¡£©$\frac{\underline{\;\;¡÷\;\;}}{\;}$3Fe£¨NO3£©2+2NO¡ü+4H2O£»
ÒÑÖª³£ÎÂÏÂAÓëB·´Ó¦Éú³É1molCµÄìʱäΪ-57.07kJ/mol£¬1molCÓëH2O·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÆøÌåDºÍE ÈÜÒºµÄìʱäΪ-46kJ/mol£¬Ð´³öA¡¢BÓëË®·´Ó¦Éú³ÉEÈÜÒºµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º4NO£¨g£©+3O2£¨g£©+2H2O£¨l£©=4HNO3£¨aq£©?H=?618.42kJ/mol£®

Î¥·¨ºÍ²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢¾Ù±¨µç»°£º027-86699610 ¾Ù±¨ÓÊÏ䣺58377363@163.com

¾«Ó¢¼Ò½ÌÍø