5.    There be 句型:

  (1)用法:“某地 存在 某物/人”即强调某人或某物与某地的位置关系。

  (2)结构:“There be +  主语  + 介词短语”

        存在(有) 某人/物   某地

   说明1:There be有There is There are 两种形式。由最近一个主语来决定be的单复数。当最近一个主语为单数或不可数名词时,用There is;为复数时,用There are。如:

   There is a book on the desk. 桌上有一本书。

   There are some trees near the river. 河的附近有一些树。

   There is a desk and two chairs in the room. 房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。(最近一个主语是:a desk)

   There are two chairs and a desk in the room.房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。(最近一个主语是two chairs)

   说明2:“介词短语”表示“地点”,即上册所讲的“方位介词”。也可把介词短语置于句首。学过的有:on  in  under  between(…and) next to behind  in front of  如:

 There is a clock on the wall.

   Under the tree there are some girls.

  (3)There be句型的一般疑问句及其回答。一般疑问句把be动词提前。如:

Is there an egg on the desk? Yes, there is/No, there isn’t.

Are there any birds in the tree?  Yes, there are.

  (4)There be句型的否定句。直接在be动词后加not.如:

   There aren’t any books on the desk.

  (5)对There be句型中的方位介词短语提问时,常用where.如:There is a park on Green Street.

         →Where is a park?(去掉there)

(6)对there be句型中的主语提问时,常省略there。如:There is a desk in the teacher’s room.

       →What’s in the teacher’s room?

There are two pens in the pencil case.

 →What’s in the pencil case? (注意常用单数)

(7) There be 句型与have的区别:前者强调的是一种位置关系;have强调的是一种所属关系。如:

There is a pen on my desk. 我桌子上有一支笔。(笔在我桌子上,但不一定是我的。)

I have a pen.我有一支笔。(不管笔在哪,都是属于我的。)

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