4．A reward of 50thousand yuan will be offered by the local police to can provide any clues lea——青夏教育精英家教网—

19．A theme park featuring Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tales will be built and open to public in Shanghai during the World Expo，which is _______ on May 1 next year in the city．（　　）

	A．	scheduling to start		B．	scheduled to start
	C．	starting		D．	to being started

18．

The orangutan （红毛猩猩），the most inactive of the great apes，has unusually stable DNA，too．Researchers have just completed the sequencing （序列） of the entire genome （基因组） of our orange-haired relative，and they have found to their surprise that its DNA has changed much less dramatically over time than has that of humans or chimpanzees．"The orangutan is very unique，"says Devin Locke，a structural geneticist heading the orangutan sequencing project．
The orangutan genome had one other big surprise．Locke and colleagues sequenced six Sumatran and five Bornean orangutans，which are classified as different species．The apes have been physically separated for at least 21，000years-the last time land bridges between the two islands existed-and earlier studies estimated that they became distinct species more than 1million years ago．But the new analysis，reported online today in Nature，rewrites history：it appears they parted ways just 400，000years ago．"Most previous studies used small sets of markers and a limited amount of DNA sequence，"says Locke．"The statistical power is so much greater when you have the whole genome available．"
The orangutan now joins chimpanzees and humans as the third great ape to have its genome sequenced．"The orangutan genome is a wonderful resource，"says evolutionary geneticist Svante P??bo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig，Germany．"It will help clarify how each part of human and African ape genomes are related to each other and evolved．"
Such insights are already coming in．Orangutans originated some 12million to 16million years ago，giving their genomes much more time to evolve than those of humans and chimpanzees，which split into their own lineages （血统） 5million to 6million years ago．But a comparison of the three genomes shows that humans and chimpanzees lose or gain new genes at twice the rate of orangutans．
The reason may have to do with stretches of DNA called retrotransposons．These key drivers of evolution jump around the genome，creating new genes，damaging existing ones，or altering gene regulation．The new data reveal that common retrotransposons known as Alu elements have moved around the orangutan genome much less than they have in the human and chimpanzee genomes．"I don't want to say that‘Alu retrotransposition events'are shut off in orangutans，but they've been covered up，"says Locke．
The researchers also discovered that，over time，the structure of orangutan chromosomes （染色体） has changed little，which may be linked to the Alu element finding．Other researchers have suggested that the strong and healthy structural variation in humans and chimps may have stimulated increased intelligence．But Locke notes that orangutans are also highly intelligent．"If orangutans have had very little structural variation，maybe this decouples structural variation from intelligence，"he says．
A separate but related study published today in Genome Research reports yet another unexpected finding from a comparison of the three great ape genomes．A team led by Mikkel H．Schierup and Thomas Mailund of Aarhus University in Denmark （both co-authors of the Nature report） discovered that some regions of the human genome more closely resemble the orangutan than the chimpanzee．This reflects the fact that at the time humans split off from a common ancestor with chimps，both species had the same ancestral orangutan DNA．But humans and chimpanzees have evolved separately for millions of years．In the process，chimps for mysterious reasons lost some orangutan DNA that humans kept possession of．
More surprises are sure to come as researchers compare the genomes of even more apes．Projects to sequence the other two great apes，gorillas and bonobos，are under way．

74．Orangutans from two islands，Sumatran and Bornean，became different species sinceD．
A．at least 21，000years ago
B．over 1million years ago
C．some 12million to 16million years ago
D.400，000years ago
75．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage？B
A．Compared with the DNA of orangutan，chimpanzee's is less changed over time．
B．Only three apes'genomes have been sequenced up to now．
C．Humans'ancestors stepped on their way of evolution 12to 16millions years ago．
D．Chimpanzees gain new genes faster than orangutans do in evolution．
76．The reason of orangutan's little change in DNA is thatB．
A．this species is not as active in intelligence as humans or chimpanzees．
B．the newly identified Alu elements is believed to have played a special role
C．Alu retrotranspositions in orangutan are shut off during the course of evolution
D．orangutan's low intelligence fails to stimulate the change of its DNA
77．Some region of human genome is more similar to that of orangutan than chimp's becauseC．
A．human and orangutan share the same ancestor，but chimp doesn't
B．humans and chimpanzees have evolved separately for millions of years
C．chimps failed to hang on to orangutan DNA for some unknown reason，but human didn't
D．chimps didn't act as actively as humans，resulting in their losing some critical orangutan DNA．

17．Five Ways to Work Smarter，Not Harder
No matter how hard we work，it seems that there is never enough time to get all the important tasks done．Rather than working longer，consider working smarter，not harder．Here are some ways to work smarter：
Make a careful plan．Just like every organization needs a business plan，an efficient worker needs a work plan．（36）G Schedule your tasks throughout the days，weeks，and months，but do it ahead of time．
Set your goals．As a part of your work plan，you should set clear and measurable goals．Goals should state which tasks are to be completed and when they get completed．Rather than setting firm deadlines，which can lead to pressure and stress，allow a period of time to reach goals．（37）C
（38）D Develop a consistent daily work schedule and stick to it!If a typical workday consists of some writing tasks（emails，reports），one-on-one meetings，and processing data，set aside specific time each day to accomplish each kind of tasks．
Delegate（授权）effectively．（39）F The person who tries to do everything himself or herself not only is overloaded and overstressed，but is bad for their colleagues，by not allowing them to be challenged and grow by taking on important duties．
Don't make work harder than it actually is．Much of the pressure is produced by ourselves．（40）B We feel like we should do more．Remember that tasks should be completed step by step．Focus on each step rather than on the entire project，which can help us cut down on feelings that we are"overwhelmed"．

A．Stick to your plan．
B．We set unrealistic goals or standards for ourselves．
C．Also，take time to reward yourself for achieving a goal．
D．Organize your workday．
E．We cannot expect to complete the tasks quickly．
F．Learn which tasks can be delegated and which need personal attention．
G．It is a well-thought-out plan to help guide and direct work activities．

16．Robots make me nervous-especially the ones which seem to think for themselves．I was  embarrassed to admit this till I heard that Bill Gates，the founder of Microsoft，felt the same  way．Gates said in an interview with the website Reddit："I am in the camp that is concerned  about super intelligence．First the machines will do a lot of jobs for us and not be super  intelligent．That should be positive if we manage well．A few decades after that though the intelligence is strong enough to be a concern．"
Well，maybe I don't have to worry about my laptop and kitchen appliances yet．After I  use them I can always pull the plug．But in the future，machines might find a way to prevent  us from switching them off．There's a scary thought!
Professor Stephen Hawking warned a few months ago about the possibility that artificial intelligence could evolve and end up beyond human contro1．He suggested that machines could"spell the end of the human race"．
Maybe the problem with computers too clever for us is not that they are evil or rebellious．What could put us in danger is that they might be too efficient．That's what philosopher Nick Bostrom from the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University believes．He says that machines are indifferent to humans and in pursuit of their own goals，the destruction of people might be just collateral（附带的）damage．A machine would not take pity on you．
I'm glad my machines at home are"dumb"．All my vacuum cleaner wants to take over is the carpet in my living room．Let's hope they don't create an appliance which wants to take over the world!

32．We can conclude from Gates'statements thatD．
A．he is embarrassed that he is afraid of robots
B．he doesn't think machines are intelligent
C．machines should be fully employed
D．machines'super intelligence should be a concern
33．The underlined word"spell"in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning toB．
A．record
B．cause
C．explain
D．develop
34．Why are computers dangerous according to Nick Bostrom？D
A．They are too evil and rebellious．
B．They are indifferent to humans．
C．They show pity on humans．
D．They are too clever and efficient．
35．What can be inferred about the author？C
A．He doesn't agree with Bill Gates．
B．He is not content with the present kitchen appliances．
C．He is scared about the super intelligence of machines．
D．He expects that machines will take place of humans．

15．Ways to Create a Happy Household
Every family is different，with different personalities，customs，and ways of thinking，talking，and connecting to one another．There is no one"right"kind of family．But whether parents are strict or tolerant，irritable or calm，home has to be a place of love，encouragement，and acceptance of their feelings and individuality for kids to feel emotionally safe and secure．It also has to be a source of don'ts and limits．Most of us want such an atmosphere to exist in our homes，but with today's stresses this often seems harder and harder to achieve．From time to time it helps to take stock and think about the changes we could make to improve our home emotional climate．Here are a few that will．
How we talk to our children every day is part of the emotional atmosphere we weave．Besides giving them opportunities to be open about how they feel，we have to watch what we say and how we say it．
We often forget how much kids take parental criticisms to heart and how much these affect their feelings about themselves．Psychologist Martin Seligman found that when parents consistently blame kids in exaggerated ways，children feel overly guilty and ashamed and withdraw emotionally．Look at the difference between"Roger，this room is always a pigsty!You are such a boy!"and"Roger，your room is a mess today!Before you go out to play，it has to be picked up．"
One way tells Roger he can never do anything right．The other tells him exactly what to do to fix things so he can be back in his mom's good graces and doesn't suggest he has a permanent character flaw．For criticism to be constructive for children，we have to cite causes that are specific and temporary．
Another constructive way to criticize children is to remind them of the impact their actions have on us．This promotes empathy rather than resentment．
A predictable daily framework，clear and consistent rules，and an organized house make kids--and parents--more relaxed and comfortable，and that means everyone has emotional balance．When conflicts，tensions，or crises occur，the routine is a reassuring and familiar support，a reliable harbor of our lives that won't change．
Think about your mornings．Do your kids go off to school feeling calm and confident？Or are they upset and ill-tempered？
What about evenings and bedtime？Do you have angry fights over homework or how much TV children can watch？A calm bedtime routine is one good medicine for the dark fears that surface when kids are alone in bed with the lights turned out．
Yet a routine that's too inflexible doesn't make room for kids'individual temperaments（气质），preferences，and characters．
Time together is at such a precious in most households that many families，like the Martins，hold regular family meetings so everyone can air and resolve the week's worries as well as share the good things that happened．
When the Martins gather on Friday night，they also take the opportunity to anticipate what's scheduled for the week ahead．That way they eliminate （mostly!） those last-minute anxieties over whether someone has soccer shoes for the first practice，the books for a report，or a ride to a music lesson．
Everyday life is full of opportunities to establish loving connections with our kids．Researchers have found that parents who spend time playing，joking with，and sharing their own thoughts and feelings with their kids have children who are more friendly，generous，and loving．
After all，giving love fosters love，and what convinces our kids that we love them more than our willingness to spend time with them？Many parents say that often they feel most in tune emotionally with their kids when they just hang out together--sprawling on the bed to watch TV，walking down the block together to mail a letter，talking on long car rides when kids know they have a parent's complete attention．At these times the hurt feelings and the secret fears are finally mentioned．
Part of encouraging loving feelings is insisting that kids treat others，including siblings，with kindness，respect，and fairness--at least some of the time．In one family，kids write on a chart in the kitchen at the end of each day the name of someone who did something nice for them．

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