题目内容

15.Ways to Create a Happy Household
Every family is different,with different personalities,customs,and ways of thinking,talking,and connecting to one another.There is no one"right"kind of family.But whether parents are strict or tolerant,irritable or calm,home has to be a place of love,encouragement,and acceptance of their feelings and individuality for kids to feel emotionally safe and secure.It also has to be a source of don'ts and limits.Most of us want such an atmosphere to exist in our homes,but with today's stresses this often seems harder and harder to achieve.From time to time it helps to take stock and think about the changes we could make to improve our home emotional climate.Here are a few that will.
How we talk to our children every day is part of the emotional atmosphere we weave.Besides giving them opportunities to be open about how they feel,we have to watch what we say and how we say it.
We often forget how much kids take parental criticisms to heart and how much these affect their feelings about themselves.Psychologist Martin Seligman found that when parents consistently blame kids in exaggerated ways,children feel overly guilty and ashamed and withdraw emotionally.Look at the difference between"Roger,this room is always a pigsty!You are such a boy!"and"Roger,your room is a mess today!Before you go out to play,it has to be picked up."
One way tells Roger he can never do anything right.The other tells him exactly what to do to fix things so he can be back in his mom's good graces and doesn't suggest he has a permanent character flaw.For criticism to be constructive for children,we have to cite causes that are specific and temporary.
Another constructive way to criticize children is to remind them of the impact their actions have on us.This promotes empathy rather than resentment.
A predictable daily framework,clear and consistent rules,and an organized house make kids--and parents--more relaxed and comfortable,and that means everyone has emotional balance.When conflicts,tensions,or crises occur,the routine is a reassuring and familiar support,a reliable harbor of our lives that won't change.
Think about your mornings.Do your kids go off to school feeling calm and confident?Or are they upset and ill-tempered?
What about evenings and bedtime?Do you have angry fights over homework or how much TV children can watch?A calm bedtime routine is one good medicine for the dark fears that surface when kids are alone in bed with the lights turned out.
Yet a routine that's too inflexible doesn't make room for kids'individual temperaments(气质),preferences,and characters.
Time together is at such a precious in most households that many families,like the Martins,hold regular family meetings so everyone can air and resolve the week's worries as well as share the good things that happened.
When the Martins gather on Friday night,they also take the opportunity to anticipate what's scheduled for the week ahead.That way they eliminate (mostly!) those last-minute anxieties over whether someone has soccer shoes for the first practice,the books for a report,or a ride to a music lesson.
Everyday life is full of opportunities to establish loving connections with our kids.Researchers have found that parents who spend time playing,joking with,and sharing their own thoughts and feelings with their kids have children who are more friendly,generous,and loving.
After all,giving love fosters love,and what convinces our kids that we love them more than our willingness to spend time with them?Many parents say that often they feel most in tune emotionally with their kids when they just hang out together--sprawling on the bed to watch TV,walking down the block together to mail a letter,talking on long car rides when kids know they have a parent's complete attention.At these times the hurt feelings and the secret fears are finally mentioned.
Part of encouraging loving feelings is insisting that kids treat others,including siblings,with kindness,respect,and fairness--at least some of the time.In one family,kids write on a chart in the kitchen at the end of each day the name of someone who did something nice for them.

71.accounting72.distinguish/tell/differentiate/discriminate73.safety/security74.constructive75.aware/conscious/know76.order77.(self-)confidence78.regularly79.Encourage80.accompanied/company81./.

分析 本文主要讲述了创建快乐家庭的方法.作者主要介绍了四种方法:1、以一种有利的方式批评孩子;2、让孩子保持规律的生活;3、举行家庭会议;4、鼓励孩子心中有爱.

解答 71.accounting 信息转换题.根据后面的信息可知,该处主要讲的是创建快乐家庭的原因.又根据"accounting for"的意思是"解释…的理由".故填accounting.
72.distinguish/tell/differentiate/discriminate 信息提取题.根据第一段Every family is different,with different personalities,customs,and ways of thinking,talking,and connecting to one another.可知每个家庭在很多方面都是不同的.故填distinguish/tell/differentiate/discriminate.
73.safety/security 信息提取题.根据第一段and acceptance of their feelings and individuality for kids to feel emotionally safe and secure.可知孩子们渴望父母接受他们的感情和个性,这会使他们在情感上感觉安全.故填safety/security. 
74.constructive 信息提取题.根据第四段For criticism to be constructive for children,we have to cite causes that are specific and temporary.可知应该以一种有利的方式批评孩子.故填constructive. 
75.aware/conscious/know 信息转换题.根据第五段Another constructive way to criticize children is to remind them of the impact their actions have on us.可知另一种有利的批评方式是要让孩子们知道他们的行为会带来消极的影响.故填aware/conscious/know.
76.order 信息转换题.根据第六段A predictable daily framework,clear and consistent rules,and an organized house make kids--and parents--more relaxed and comfortable,and that means everyone has emotional balance.可知保持日常生活,以平衡孩子的情绪.故填order.
77.(self-)confidence 信息提取题.根据第七段Do your kids go off to school feeling calm and confident?可知在上学之前要确保你的孩子心情平静和充满自信.故填(self-)confidence.
78.regularly 信息提取题.根据倒数第五段hold regular family meetings so everyone can air and resolve the week's worries as well as share the good things that happened.可知定期举行家庭会议来分享一些好的事情.故填regularly.
79.Encourage 信息转换题.根据后面的信息可知,该处主要讲的是要鼓励孩子心中充满爱.故填Encourage.
80.accompanied/company 信息转换题.根据倒数第三段Researchers have found that parents who spend time playing,joking with,and sharing their own thoughts and feelings with their kids have children who are more friendly,generous,and loving.可知父母可以通过陪伴孩子来与他们建立爱的联系.故填accompanied/company.

点评 本文考察学生的综合概括能力. 在理解文章整体的情况下,准确筛选出相关信息,找出其中的关键词,进行填空.

练习册系列答案
相关题目
3.[1]When children go to camp,they are on their own,sometimes for the very first time in their lives.They have to decide what to wear,what to eat and which activities to participate in.As a result they develop confidence and independence.
[2]As self-respect develops from learning to be on their own,children continue to try new activities.Also it is possible that they will engage in what they are unfamiliar with.In school,children do not experience success in the same way.Camp can be a school without failure because just having fun makes them a success.
[3]One of the greatest benefits of a camp experience is that children develop social skills.In a camp setting,a good counselor will make sure that every camper is included in the activity and that each child interacts with the others in a positive way.They learn to give and take,and they learn how to work and cooperate.Something as simple as clean-up,is not only there to get the cabin clean,but to promote a team atmosphere of working together which in turn results in friendship.
[4]The obvious benefit of camp is that campers make long lasting friendships.These friendships can often be unique and special because campers are living with each other and see the true personalities.Children learn to see others from a different viewpoint.Children tend to be accepted for who they are and do not have to be concerned about what they wear,what they are good at and how they look.This is because in a camp setting,respect and caring finally win out over materialistic objectives.
[5]In a word,camp does give children fun,friends and fulfillment.
 
56.What is the passage mainly about?(No more than 8 words)The benefits(advantages) of camps to children./Reasons for children to go to camps.
57.What can the campers develop in the end based on the passage?(No more than 3 words)Confidence and independence
58.According to Paragraph 2,what makes camping different from a school?(No more than 7 words)Camping/Camp can be a school without fai1ure./No failure makes them a success./Having fun makes them a success./Being successful makes it different.
59.What do the campers gain according to Paragraph 3?(No more than 2 words)Social skills  
60.According to Paragraph 4,why can camping improve friendship?(No more than l0 words)Because campers are living together and see the true personalities./Because respect and caring finally win out over materialistic objectives..
10.A public primary school in New York City has stopped giving its students homework.
P.S.116Principal Jane Hsu wrote a letter to parents last month explaining that after more than a year of analyzing studies,the school had concluded that students'after-school time would be better spent on activities like reading at their own pace and playing rather than working on homework.
Hsu's letter says that many studies indicate that there is no connection between homework and academic success.Indeed,there are some studies that show that the link between homework and success is doubtful at the primary school level.
An important 1989study on homework by Professor Cooper found that doing homework led students to perform better in school as they grew older.In later grades,students who did homework performed increasingly better than students who did not.In 2006,Cooper published a study that analyzed 15years'worth of data on the effectiveness of homework.He found that homework had a more positive impact on students as they aged,and identified stronger relations between homework and achievement for students in grades seven through 12than for students in kindergarten through sixth grade.
A 2012study from the Indiana University School of Education on 10th-graders found little relation between time spent on homework and better course grades,although it did find a positive relation between homework time and standardized test performance.
Some parents of P.S.116students are not happy with the decision to eliminate homework.
"I think they should have homework-some of it is about discipline.I want(my daughter)to have fun,but I also want her to be working towards a goal,"Daniel Tasman,the father of a second-grader at the schoo1.
"You have to do homework in order to gain;you have to do homework because they may not be able to comprehend everything in school,"Sharon Blake,a grandmother of a P.S.116student.
29.Principal Jane Hsu wrote the letter to the parents toD.
A.analyze the test results of the students
B.suggest students'reading at their own pace and playing
C.tell them about the conclusion of the research
D.give them the reason for the decision of the school
30.The decision to stop giving students homework depends uponA.
A.studies on the link between homework and academic success
B.students'wish to spend their time on activities or playing
C.Professor Cooper's research on the effectiveness of homework
D.the ideas of both school authorities and parents
31.Harris Cooper found in his research thatD.
A.kindergarten students spent too much time doing activities
B.doing homework made the kindergarten students cleverer
C.only elderly students should be given homework to do
D.students benefit more from doing homework as they grow older
32.What does the underlined word"eliminate"in Paragraph 6mean?B
A.Refuse.    B.Cancel.    C.Increase.D.Reduce.
5.Dash of Hope
"Dash"is a symbol which represents every day we've spent alive on earth.Therefore,how you spend your"dash"is important.
Recently I(41)Cabout a little girl named Hope.After learning more about her life,I couldn't help but feel it was not by(42)A,nor happenstance,that she had been named"Hope".The strong feeling of sympathy and generosity(43)Ain her young heart made a lasting impression on me and countless others.(44)AI never had the opportunity to meet her,I wish I had.It seems as though she was wise beyond her tender years and very,very special.
Hope was a twelve-year-old girl who was (45)Ba"wish"in early December 2010 by the"Make-A-Wish"Foundation after being(46)Athat she had a rare type of bone cancer.However,when she found out that more than 150(47)Din her area were waiting for their wishes to be granted (实现),she unselfishly used her wish to(48)Bthat those children have their wishes granted.She also asked that it be done(49)DJanuary 16,2011.Unfortunately,however,the organization informed her that her(50)D request could not be granted as the funds (资金) were simply(51)C.They calculated that they would need to raise more than one(52)Cdollars in thirty days in order to grant her wish.(53)C,but not discouraged,she turned her disappointment into an enthusiasm that inspired caring(54)Bto take up helping grant the wishes of the other children,and eventually(55)Aas well.Newspaper columnists and reporters for radio and TV stations(56)Dthe story of this caring young girl who had(57)Bthe hearts of so many and as word spread,the community was challenged.Committees were formed and schools,corporations and various organizations assisted in(58)Cmoney to help make Hope's dream come true.
Her efforts were not in vain as they continue to help others,not only physically,but(59)Dand emotionally as well.At the gathering to celebrate her life,"A Celebration of Hope"on January 16,2011,the(60)B was made that they had indeed received donations totaling more than one million dollars.Her wish had been granted!
41.A.caredB.thoughtC.heardD.talked
42.A.coincidenceB.independenceC.convenienceD.intelligence
43.A.housedB.carriedC.expectedD.lost
44.A.AlthoughB.UnlessC.UntilD.If
45.A.expressedB.offeredC.madeD.sent
46.A.diagnosedB.acknowledgedC.remindedD.realized
47.A.relativesB.netizensC.idolsD.kids
48.A.commandB.askC.arrangeD.order
49.A.forB.toC.onD.by
50.A.lastB.formalC.simpleD.honorable
51.A.unbearableB.unbelievableC.unavailableD.uncomfortable
52.A.thousandB.hundredC.millionD.billion
53.A.WorriedB.SurprisedC.DisappointedD.Embarrassed
54.A.committeesB.individualsC.corporationsD.organizations
55.A.hersB.oursC.theirsD.yours
56.A.heardB.readC.believedD.shared
57.A.brokenB.movedC.lostD.opened
58.A.findingB.spendingC.raisingD.borrowing
59.A.healthilyB.thankfullyC.happilyD.mentally
60.A.proposalB.announcementC.conclusionD.decision

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网