ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
1£®¶þ¼×ÃÑ£¨DME£©±»ÓþΪ¡°21ÊÀ¼ÍµÄÇå½àȼÁÏ¡±£®ÓÉºÏ³ÉÆøÖƱ¸¶þ¼×ÃѵÄÖ÷ÒªÔÀíÈçÏ£º¢ÙCO£¨g£©+2H2£¨g£©?CH3OH£¨g£©¡÷H1=-90.7kJ•mol-1
¢Ú2CH3OH£¨g£©?CH3OCH3£¨g£©+H2O£¨g£©¡÷H2=-23.5kJ•mol-1
¢ÛCO£¨g£©+H2O£¨g£©?CO2£¨g£©+H2£¨g£©¡÷H3=-41.2kJ•mol-1
»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©Ôò·´Ó¦3H2£¨g£©+3CO£¨g£©?CH3OCH3£¨g£©+CO2£¨g£©µÄƽºâ³£Êý±í´ïʽK=$\frac{c£¨C{H}_{3}OC{H}_{3}£©¡Ác£¨C{O}_{2}£©}{{c}^{3}£¨{H}_{2}£©¡Á{c}^{3}£¨CO£©}$£®
£¨2£©ÏÂÁдëÊ©ÖУ¬ÄÜÌá¸ß£¨1£©ÖÐCH3OCH3²úÂʵÄÓÐAC£®
A£®Ê¹ÓùýÁ¿µÄCO B£®Éý¸ßÎÂ¶È C£®Ôö´óѹǿ
£¨3£©·´Ó¦¢ÛÄÜÌá¸ßCH3OCH3µÄ²úÂÊ£¬ÔÒòÊÇ·´Ó¦ÏûºÄÁËH2O£¨g£©ÓÐÀûÓÚ·´Ó¦¢ÚÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£»Í¬Ê±´Ë·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁËH2£¬ÓÐÀûÓÚ·´Ó¦¢ÙÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£®
£¨4£©½«ºÏ³ÉÆøÒÔn£¨H2£©/n£¨CO£©=2ͨÈë1LµÄ·´Ó¦Æ÷ÖУ¬Ò»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ·¢Éú·´Ó¦£º
4H2£¨g£©+2CO£¨g£©?CH3OCH3£¨g£©+H2O£¨g£©¡÷H£¬ÆäCOµÄƽºâת»¯ÂÊËæÎ¶ȡ¢Ñ¹Ç¿±ä»¯¹ØÏµÈçͼ1Ëùʾ£¬ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇA£®
A£®¡÷H£¼0 B£®P1£¼P2£¼P3
C£®ÈôÔÚP3ºÍ316¡æÊ±£¬Æðʼn£¨H2£©/n£¨CO£©=3£¬Ôò´ïµ½Æ½ºâʱ£¬COת»¯ÂÊСÓÚ50%
£¨5£©²ÉÓÃÒ»ÖÖÐÂÐ͵Ĵ߻¯¼Á£¨Ö÷Òª³É·ÖÊÇCu-MnµÄºÏ½ð£©£¬ÀûÓÃCOºÍH2ÖÆ±¸¶þ¼×ÃÑ£¨¼ò³ÆDMA£©£®¹Û²ìͼ2»Ø´ðÎÊÌ⣮´ß»¯¼ÁÖÐn£¨Mn£©/n£¨Cu£©Ô¼Îª2.0ʱ×îÓÐÀûÓÚ¶þ¼×Ãѵĺϳɣ®
£¨6£©Í¼3ΪÂÌÉ«µç¡°¶þ¼×ÃÑȼÁÏµç³Ø¡±µÄ¹¤×÷ÔÀíʾÒâͼ£¬aµç¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½ÎªCH3OCH3-12e-+3H2O=2CO2¡ü+12H+£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ³£ÊýÊÇÖ¸£ºÒ»¶¨Î¶ÈÏ£¬¿ÉÄæ·´Ó¦µ½´ïƽºâʱ£¬Éú³ÉÎïµÄŨ¶ÈϵÊý´ÎÃÝÖ®»ýÓë·´Ó¦ÎïµÄŨ¶ÈϵÊý´ÎÃÝÖ®»ýµÄ±È£¬¹ÌÌå¡¢´¿ÒºÌå²»ÐèÒªÔÚ»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ³£ÊýÖÐд³ö£»
£¨2£©ÒÑÖª¢ÙCO£¨ g£©+2H2£¨g£©?CH3OH£¨ g£©¡÷H1=-90.7kJ•mol-1£¬
¢Ú2CH30H£¨g£©?CH30CH3£¨g£©+H20£¨g£©¡÷H2=-23.5kJ•mol-1£¬
¢ÛCO£¨g£©+H2O£¨g£©?CO2£¨g£©+H2£¨g£©¡÷H3=-41.2kJ•mol-1£¬
¸ù¾Ý¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉ£¬¢Ù¡Á2+¢Ú+¢ÛµÃ3CO£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©?CH3OCH3£¨g£©+CO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-246.1kJ•mol-1£¬
Ìá¸ßCH3OCH3²úÂÊ£¬¸Ä±äÌõ¼þӦʹƽºâÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£¬½áºÏƽºâÒÆ¶¯ÔÀí·ÖÎö½â´ð£»
£¨3£©·´Ó¦ÏûºÄÁËH2O£¨g£©ÓÐÀûÓÚ·´Ó¦¢ÚÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£»Í¬Ê±´Ë·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁËH2£¬ÓÐÀûÓÚ·´Ó¦¢ÙÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£»
£¨4£©A£®ÓÉͼ¿ÉÖª£¬Ñ¹Ç¿Ò»¶¨Ê±£¬ËæÎ¶ÈÉý¸ßCOµÄת»¯ÂʼõС£¬ËµÃ÷Éý¸ßÎÂ¶ÈÆ½ºâÄæÏòÒÆ¶¯£¬ÔòÕý·´Ó¦Îª·ÅÈÈ·´Ó¦£»
B£®Õý·´Ó¦ÎªÆøÌåÌå»ý¼õСµÄ·´Ó¦£¬Ôö´óѹǿƽºâÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£¬COµÄת»¯ÂÊÔö´ó£»
C£®Ôö´óÇâÆøµÄÓÃÁ¿£¬Æ½ºâÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£¬COµÄת»¯ÂÊÔö´ó£»
£¨5£©COµÄת»¯ÂÊ×î´ó£¬Éú³É¶þ¼×ÃѵÄÑ¡ÔñÐÔ×î´óʱ×îºÃ£»
£¨6£©ÓÉÖÊ×Ó½»»»Ä¤ÖÐÇâÀë×ÓÒÆ¶¯·½Ïò¿ÉÖª£¬aΪ¸º¼«£¬bΪÕý¼«£¬¸º¼«·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦£¬¼×ÃÑÔÚ¸º¼«Ê§È¥µç×ÓÉú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÓëÇâÀë×Ó£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©3H2£¨g£©+3CO£¨g£©?CH3OCH3£¨g£©+CO2£¨g£©µÄƽºâ³£Êý±í´ïʽK=$\frac{c£¨C{H}_{3}OC{H}_{3}£©¡Ác£¨C{O}_{2}£©}{{c}^{3}£¨{H}_{2}£©¡Á{c}^{3}£¨CO£©}$£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º$\frac{c£¨C{H}_{3}OC{H}_{3}£©¡Ác£¨C{O}_{2}£©}{{c}^{3}£¨{H}_{2}£©¡Á{c}^{3}£¨CO£©}$£»
£¨2£©ÒÑÖª¢ÙCO£¨ g£©+2H2£¨g£©?CH3OH£¨ g£©¡÷H1=-90.7kJ•mol-1£¬
¢Ú2CH30H£¨g£©?CH30CH3£¨g£©+H20£¨g£©¡÷H2=-23.5kJ•mol-1£¬
¢ÛCO£¨g£©+H2O£¨g£©?CO2£¨g£©+H2£¨g£©¡÷H3=-41.2kJ•mol-1£¬
¸ù¾Ý¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉ£¬¢Ù¡Á2+¢Ú+¢ÛµÃ3CO£¨g£©+3H2£¨g£©?CH3OCH3£¨g£©+CO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-246.1kJ•mol-1£®
A£®Ôö´ó·´Ó¦ÎïµÄŨ¶ÈƽºâÕýÒÆ£¬ËùÒÔʹÓùýÁ¿µÄCO£¬ÄÜÌá¸ßCH3OCH3²úÂÊ£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»
B£®¸Ã·´Ó¦Îª·ÅÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬Éý¸ßÎÂ¶ÈÆ½ºâÄæÒÆ£¬ÔòCH3OCH3²úÂʻήµÍ£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®¸Ã·´Ó¦Õý·½ÏòΪÌå»ý¼õСµÄ·½Ïò£¬ËùÒÔÔö´óѹǿƽºâÕýÒÆ£¬ÄÜÌá¸ßCH3OCH3²úÂÊ£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºAC£»
£¨3£©·´Ó¦ÏûºÄÁËH2O£¨g£©ÓÐÀûÓÚ·´Ó¦¢ÚÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£»Í¬Ê±´Ë·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁËH2£¬ÓÐÀûÓÚ·´Ó¦¢ÙÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£¬¹Ê·´Ó¦¢ÛÄÜÌá¸ßCH3OCH3µÄ²úÂÊ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º·´Ó¦ÏûºÄÁËH2O£¨g£©ÓÐÀûÓÚ·´Ó¦¢ÚÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£»Í¬Ê±´Ë·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁËH2£¬ÓÐÀûÓÚ·´Ó¦¢ÙÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£»
£¨4£©A£®ÓÉͼ¿ÉÖª£¬Ñ¹Ç¿Ò»¶¨Ê±£¬ËæÎ¶ÈÉý¸ßCOµÄת»¯ÂʼõС£¬ËµÃ÷Éý¸ßÎÂ¶ÈÆ½ºâÄæÏòÒÆ¶¯£¬ÔòÕý·´Ó¦Îª·ÅÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬¹Ê¡÷H£¼0£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»
B£®Õý·´Ó¦ÎªÆøÌåÌå»ý¼õСµÄ·´Ó¦£¬Ôö´óѹǿƽºâÕýÏòÒÆ¶¯£¬COµÄת»¯ÂÊÔö´ó£¬ËùÒÔP1£¾P2£¾P3£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®ÈôÔÚP3ºÍ316¡æÊ±£¬Æðʼʱ$\frac{n£¨{H}_{2}£©}{n£¨CO£©}$=3£¬ÔòÔö´óÁËÇâÆøµÄÁ¿£¬Ôö´óÇâÆøµÄŨ¶È£¬Æ½ºâÕýÒÆ£¬COµÄת»¯ÂÊÔö´ó£¬ËùÒÔCOת»¯ÂÊ´óÓÚ50%£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºA£»
£¨5£©ÓÉͼ¿ÉÖªµ±´ß»¯¼ÁÖÐ$\frac{n£¨Mn£©}{n£¨Cu£©}$ԼΪ2.0ʱ£¬COµÄת»¯ÂÊ×î´ó£¬Éú³É¶þ¼×ÃѵÄ×î¶à£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2.0£»
£¨6£©ÓÉÖÊ×Ó½»»»Ä¤ÖÐÇâÀë×ÓÒÆ¶¯·½Ïò¿ÉÖª£¬aΪ¸º¼«£¬bΪÕý¼«£¬¸º¼«·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦£¬¼×ÃÑÔÚ¸º¼«Ê§È¥µç×ÓÉú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÓëÇâÀë×Ó£¬aµç¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½Îª£ºCH3OCH3-12e-+3H2O=2CO2¡ü+12H+£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCH3OCH3-12e-+3H2O=2CO2¡ü+12H+£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²é»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâÓ°ÏìÒòËØ¡¢»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ²úÉú¡¢»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâͼÏ󡢸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉÓ¦Óá¢Ôµç³ØµÈ£¬ÌâÄ¿Éæ¼°µÄ֪ʶµã½Ï¶à£¬×ÛºÏÐÔ½ÏÇ¿£¬£¨6£©ÖÐ×¢Òâ¸ù¾ÝʾÒâͼÅжÏÓÐÇâÀë×ÓÉú³É£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄÑÖеȣ®
| A£® | MnO2ºÍŨÑÎËá | B£® | Na2SO3£¨s£©ºÍŨH2SO4 | ||
| C£® | ÌúƬºÍŨÑÎËá | D£® | µçʯºÍË® |
| A£® | ÖÆ´¿¼î£ºÍùNaOHÈÜÒºÖРͨÈëÉÙÁ¿CO2ÆøÌ壬ÔÙÕô·¢ÈÜÒº | |
| B£® | ÖÆÂÈÆø£ºÒÔ´ÖÑÎΪÔÁÏ£¬¾¹ý³ýÔÓ¡¢Å¨ËõµÃ±¥ºÍʳÑÎË®£¬ÔÙ½øÐеç½âËùµÃÈÜÒº | |
| C£® | ÖÆÃ¾£ºÓú£Ë®ÎªÔÁÏ£¬¾Ò»ÏµÁйý³ÌÖÆµÃÑõ»¯Ã¾¹ÌÌ壬ÔÙÓÃH2»¹ÔµÃþ | |
| D£® | ÖÆÂÁ£º´ÓÂÁÍÁ¿óÖлñµÃÑõ»¯ÂÁÔٵõ½ÂÈ»¯ÂÁ¹ÌÌ壬µç½âÈÛÈÚµÄÂÈ»¯ÂÁµÃµ½ÂÁ |
| A£® | ¢Ú¢Û | B£® | ¢Û¢Ý | C£® | ¢Ù¢Ü | D£® | ¢Û¢Þ |
| A£® | ÏËÎ¬ËØ$\stackrel{Ë®½â}{¡ú}$ÆÏÌÑÌÇ$\stackrel{Ñõ»¯}{¡ú}$CO2ºÍH2O£¨ÊÍ·ÅÄÜÁ¿Î¬³ÖÉúÃü»î¶¯£© | |
| B£® | µí·Û$\stackrel{Ë®½â}{¡ú}$ÆÏÌÑÌÇ$\stackrel{Ñõ»¯}{¡ú}$CO2ºÍH2O£¨ÊÍ·ÅÄÜÁ¿Î¬³ÖÉúÃü»î¶¯£© | |
| C£® | µ°°×ÖÊ$\stackrel{Ë®½â}{¡ú}$°±»ùËá$\stackrel{ºÏ³É}{¡ú}$ÈËÌåËùÐèµÄµ°°×ÖÊ£¨ÈËÌåÉú³¤·¢Óý£© | |
| D£® | ÓÍÖ¬$\stackrel{Ë®½â}{¡ú}$¸ÊÓͺ͸߼¶Ö¬·¾Ëá$\stackrel{Ñõ»¯}{¡ú}$CO2ºÍH2O£¨ÊÍ·ÅÄÜÁ¿Î¬³ÖÉúÃü»î¶¯£© |