ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
12£®³£ÎÂÏ£¬a mL 0.1mol/LµÄCH3COOHÓëb mLµÄ0.1mol/L NaOH»ìºÏ£¬³ä·Ö·´Ó¦£®£¨1£©Ð´³ö·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£ºCH3COOH+OH-=CH3COO-+H2O£®
£¨2£©Á½ÈÜÒºpHÖ®ºÍ£¾14£¨Ìî¡°£¼¡±¡¢¡°=¡±»ò¡°£¾¡±£©£®
£¨3£©Èôa=b£¬Ôò·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºÖÐÁ£×Ó£¨³ýË®·Ö×ÓÍ⣩Ũ¶È´Ó´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CH3COO-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨CH3COOH£©£¾c£¨H+£©£®
£¨4£©Èô»ìºÏºóÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬Ôòa£¾b£¬·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨CH3COO-£©=c£¨Na+£©£¨Ìî¡°£¼¡±¡¢¡°=¡±»ò¡°£¾¡±£©£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©Ëá¼îÖкͷ´Ó¦Éú³ÉÑκÍË®£¬×¢Òâ´×ËáΪÈõËᣬ²»Äܲð£»
£¨2£©ÈôΪǿËᡢǿ¼î£¬¸ù¾ÝpHµÄ¼ÆË㹫ʽ£¬pHÖ®ºÍΪ14£¬µ«´×ËáΪÈõËᣬ¹ÊÖ®ºÍ´óÓÚ14£»
£¨3£©a=b£¬·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºÖеÄÈÜÖÊΪ´×ËáÄÆ£¬´×Ëá¸ùË®½â³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬¾Ý´ËÅжϣ»
£¨4£©a=b£¬·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºÖеÄÈÜÖÊΪ´×ËáÄÆ£¬´×Ëá¸ùË®½â³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÈôÒª³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬Ôò¼îÒªÉÙ¼ÓЩ£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊØºãÅжϣ®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©Ëá¼îÖкͷ´Ó¦Éú³ÉÑκÍË®£¬Àë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪCH3COOH+OH-=CH3COO-+H2O£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCH3COOH+OH-=CH3COO-+H2O£»
£¨2£©0.1mol/LµÄCH3COOHµÄpH´óÓÚ1£¬0.1mol/L NaOHµÄpH=13£¬Ö®ºÍ´óÓÚ14£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£¾£»
£¨3£©a=b£¬·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºÖеÄÈÜÖÊΪ´×ËáÄÆ£¬CH3COO-+H2O?CH3COOH+OH-£¬´×Ëá¸ùË®½â³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CH3COO-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨CH3COOH£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CH3COO-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨CH3COOH£©£¾c£¨H+£©£»
£¨4£©Èôa=b£¬·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºÖеÄÈÜÖÊΪ´×ËáÄÆ£¬´×Ëá¸ùË®½â³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÈôÒª³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬Ôò¼îÒªÉÙ¼ÓЩ£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊØºãc£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨CH3COO-£©+c£¨OH-£©£¬ÖÐÐÔÔòc£¨H+£©=c£¨OH-£©£¬´Ëʱc£¨CH3COO-£©=c£¨Na+£©£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£¾£»=£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÈÜÒºµÄpHºÍÑÎÀàµÄË®½âÓ¦Ó㬲àÖØ¿¼²éѧÉúÓ¦ÓÃ֪ʶ½â¾öÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬×¢ÒâÈõµç½âÖÊÔÚÊéдÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÖв»Äܲð£®
| A£® | 0.1 mol/L NaHCO3ÈÜÒºÓë0.1 mol/L NaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CO32-£©£¾c£¨HCO3-£©£¾c£¨OH-£© | |
| B£® | 20 mL 0.1 mol/L CH3COONaÈÜÒºÓë10 mL 0.1 mol/L HClÈÜÒº»ìºÏºóÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨CH3COO-£©£¾c£¨Cl-£©£¾c£¨CH3COOH£©£¾c£¨H+£© | |
| C£® | ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬pH=2µÄÑÎËáÓëpH=12µÄ°±Ë®µÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨Cl-£©+c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨NH4+£©+c£¨OH-£© | |
| D£® | 0.1 mol/L CH3COOHÈÜÒºÓë0.1 mol/L NaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©+c£¨CH3COOH£© |
| A£® | ÔÚÆûÓÍÖмÓÈëÒÒ´¼ÈÈÖµ¸Ä±ä | |
| B£® | ½Õ¸ÑȼÉÕÊÇÔì³ÉÎíö²µÄÔÒòÖ®Ò» | |
| C£® | ÓÃÎþÉüÒõ¼«µÄ·½·¨¿ÉÒÔ±£»¤½ðÊô | |
| D£® | ×ÔÐгµ¸Ö¼ÜÉúÐâÖ÷ÒªÊǵ绯ѧ¸¯Ê´ËùÖ |
| A£® | ͼ¢Ù¿ÉÒÔ±íʾ¶Ôij»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâÌåϵ¸Ä±äζȺó·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊËæÊ±¼äµÄ±ä»¯ | |
| B£® | ͼ¢Ú¿ÉÒÔ±íʾÏòÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖеμÓÒ»¶¨Å¨¶ÈµÄÏ¡ÁòËáʱpHµÄ±ä»¯ | |
| C£® | ͼ¢Û¿ÉÒÔ±íʾÏàͬpHµÄ´×ËáºÍÑÎËáÈÜÒº·Ö±ð¼ÓˮϡÊÍʱÈÜÒºµÄpHËæÌå»ýµÄ±ä»¯ | |
| D£® | ͼ¢Ü¿ÉÒÔ±íʾËùÓеĹÌÌåÎïÖÊÈܽâ¶ÈËæÎ¶ȵı仯 |
| Ñ¡Ïî | ʵÑé | ÏÖÏó | ½áÂÛ |
| A | T¡æÊ±£¬ÏòNaClºÍNaBrµÄ»ìºÏ ÈÜÒºÖеμÓAgNO3ÈÜÒº | ÏȳöÏÖ°×É«³Áµí | T¡æÊ±£¬Ksp£º AgCl£¼AgBr |
| B | ÏòµÈŨ¶ÈµÄNa2CO3ÈÜÒº»òNa2SO4 ÈÜÒºÖеμӷÓ̪ÊÔ¼Á | Na2CO3ÈÜÒº±äºìÉ«£¬Na2SO4 ÈÜÒºÎÞÃ÷ÏÔÏÖÏó | ·Ç½ðÊôÐÔ£ºS£¾C |
| C | ³£ÎÂÏ£¬È¡±¥ºÍCaSO4ÈÜÒº»ò´×Ëá ÈÜÒº×öµ¼µçÐÔʵÑé | ´×ËáʵÑéµÄµÆÅݽÏÁÁ | CaSO4ºÍ´×Ëá¾ù ΪÈõµç½âÖÊ |
| D | ÏòÆ·ºìÈÜÒºÖеμÓNaClOÈÜÒº »òͨÈëSO2ÆøÌå | Æ·ºìÈÜÒº¾ùÍÊΪÎÞÉ« | Á½Õß¾ùÓÐÆ¯°×ÐÔ ÇÒÔÀíÏàͬ |
| A£® | A | B£® | B | C£® | C | D£® | D |
| A£® | AÓëBµÄÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿Ö®±ÈΪm£ºn | |
| B£® | ͬÎÂͬѹÏ£¬Á½ÆøÌåAÓëBµÄÃܶÈÖ®±ÈΪn£ºm | |
| C£® | ͬÖÊÁ¿µÄAÓëB·Ö×Ó¸öÊýÖ®±ÈΪm£ºn | |
| D£® | Ïàͬ״¿öÏ£¬Í¬Ìå»ýµÄÆøÌåAÓëB ÖÊÁ¿±ÈΪm£ºn |
| A£® | aµã±íÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄζÈΪ1.0xl0-3mol•L-1 | |
| B£® | b µã±íʾµÄÈÜÒº c £¨CH3COO-£©£¼c £¨Na+£© | |
| C£® | b¡¢dµã±íʾµÄÈÜÒºÖÐ$\frac{c£¨C{H}_{3}COO£©•c£¨{H}^{+}£©}{c£¨C{H}_{3}COOH£©}$ÏàµÈ | |
| D£® | cµã±íʾCH3COOHºÍNaOHÇ¡ºÃ·´Ó¦ÍêÈ« |