题目内容

【题目】(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2_ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “air condition” a house without __4_(use)electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat __5__(slow)during cool nights,thus warming the house. When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6__ (cool) the house during the hot day:__7__ the same time,they warm up again for the night. This cycle __8__ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As__9__(nature) architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly__10__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

【答案】

【1】built

【2】the

【3】ability

【4】using

【5】slowly

【6】to cool

【7】at

【8】goes

【9】natural

10】how

【解析】

【语篇导读】相比现代化的建筑,简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。

【1】考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语dwellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。

【2】考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式,故填定冠词。

【3】考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词,故将able转化为其名词形式。

【4】考查介词的用法。介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。

【5】考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。修饰谓语动词give out,因此要用副词形式。

【6】考查固定句式的用法。“形容词+enough+动词不定式”为一常用句式。

【7】考查固定短语的用法。at the same time意为“同时”,是一个常用介词短语。

【8】考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理,故用一般现在时态。

【9】考查形容词的用法。修饰名词architects,故要用形容词形式。

【10】考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知,这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词thick及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为how。

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【题目】C

Many of us still tend to think that emotions can affect reasonablethought,and sometimes land us in trouble.But in recent years psychologists have taken quite a different view.Keith Oatley,Professor of Psychology at Glasgow University,is involved in the research which shows the fundamental importance of emotions.

He believes we_are_very_ambivalent_about_them:we think of our emotions as being unreasonable,but we also consider them as essential to being human.For example,Mr Spock,a character in the television series Star Trek,is superintelligent and he has no emotions at all.However,he is never made captain of the spaceship.Maybe,this is because Mr Spock is not the kind of person you can share your feelings with—a person who shows his emotions.

As Professor Oatley points out,our emotions have very important functions,for example,fear.If we cross the road and a car approaches,we usually stop moving or step back.We stop what we are doing,check what we have done and pay very careful attention to the environment.The emotion of fear makes us take this small series of actions which,on average,help preserve our safety.

On the other hand,if things are going well and small problems come up,we find we can solve them with the resources we have to hand.As a consequence,we tend to feel happy and usually continue doing the job.

Anger is an emotion that tends to occur when someone is preventing us from doing something.Then this small “kit” of reactions enables us to prepare ourselves to be quite aggressive to that person,or to try harder,and so on.

Professor Oatley believes emotions generally ocur at these important moments in actions.With fear and anger our emotions make us decide to start doing something else,while with happiness they “suggest” we continue what we are already doing.

【1】What’s Keith Oatley’s opinion about emotions?

A.They affect reasonable thought.

B.They get us into trouble.

C.They are helpful to us.

D.They are reasonable.

【2】What does the underlined part “we are very ambivalent about them” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.We have contradictory feelings towards emotions.

B.We have similar ideas of emotions.

C.We are quite clear about emotions.

D.We can do nothing about emotions.

【3】It can be inferred from the passage that________.

A.we must control our emotions in daily life

B.emotions play a more important part than we realize

C.positive emotions such as love and joy are good for us

D.negative emotions make us continue what we are doing

【题目】C

【全国百强校】山东省临沂市2016-2017学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

Researchers in China and the United States have developed a new cataract(白内障)treatment with cells that has restored vision in babies in a trial and may eventually be used in adults.

The treatment- by doctors and staff members at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and Sichuan and Sun Yat-sen universities in China-was published in March 9 edition of the scientific journal Nature.

A cataract is a clouding of the normally clear lens(晶体)of an eye. Typical cataract operation involves the removal of the cloudy lens and the insertion of an artificial one. The new operation has been tested in animals and during a small, human trial. It resulted in fewer complications(并发症)than the current harmful operation, and in regrown lenses with superior visual function in all 12 of the baby cataract patients who received the procedure.

A congenital cataract- lens clouding that occurs at birth or shortly after- is important cause of blindness in children. In the new research, Kand Zhang, head of ophthalmic genetics at US San Diego’s Shiley Eye Institute, and his colleagues relied on the regrown potential of endogenous(同源的)stem cells.

According to Zhang, endogenous stem cells are different from other stem cells that are typically grown in a laboratory, transplanted into a patient, and can have risks of immune(免疫的)rejection, infection or cancers. Zhang told CBS News, “We invented a new operation to make a very small opening at the side of a cataractous lens bag, remove the cataract inside, allow the opening to heal, and promote potential lens stem cells to regrow an entirely new lens with vision.”

The human trial involved 12 babies under the age of 2 who were treated with the new method, while 25 babies received thee standard operation care.. The latter group experienced a higher incidence of pos- operation danger, early- onset eye high blood pressure and increased lens clouding. The scientists reported fewer complications and faster healing among the 12 babies who has the new procedure.

【1】What is the text mainly about?

A. The concept of the cataract

B. A new cataract treatment with stem cells

C. Bad effects of post-operation in the cataract

D. The reasons why the cataract comes into being

【2】Which of the following best describe the new cataract treatment according to the passage?

A. Convenient B. Comfortable C. Cheap D. Safe

【3】What can we learn about the new cataract treatment?

A. It has more risks

B. It may be used widely

C. It has been put into practice widely

D. It can only restore vision in babies

【4】What does the underlined word “congenital” in the fourth paragraph mean?

A. Born B. Strange C. Serious D. Dangerous.

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